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From Wen Tong Mozhu to Su Shi Zhuzhu

-The steering of literati painting aesthetics

April 17, 2020 00:03 Source: "China Social Sciences", April 17, 2020, No. 1909 Author: Song Shilei

　　Song Dynasty painter Wen Tong is good at painting ink bamboo，His disciple Su Shi created Zhuzhu on the basis of inheriting the spirit of Mozhu，Vegetarian painting theory with Zhu Zhu's ink and ink experiments，So that the literati painting movement is mature in the Song Dynasty。To the Yuan Dynasty，Literary painting ink bamboo has been a big view，Chengyi Fashion。Zhao Mengxuan Bamboo in the Yuan Dynasty，Painting bamboo in Zheng Banqiao in the Qing Dynasty，All the heirs of Huzhou Mo Opera。From Wen Tong Mozhu to Su Shi Zhuzhu，It marks that literati painting has moved to symbolization，This has created another aesthetic system and category，and profoundly influenced Chinese painting aesthetics from reproduction to performance。

　　Wen Tong's ink bamboo paintings currently only have three pieces，Collected in the National Museum of China、Guangzhou Art Museum、"Taipei Palace Museum"。Where，The Tibetan texts of the Guangzhou Art Museum and "Mozhu Map" set the color of silk for silk，Bullette 131.6 cm，horizontal 105.4 cm。Qing Dynasty Jinshi scholar Weng Fanggang、Guangdong Painting and bet365 live casino games Calligraphy Collection, Wu Rongguang, and the thinker Kang Youwei, once learned the posts of the paintings。"Mozhu Map" was all in the Qianlong period of Win -Ru Shu, Guangdong，Later home collector Wu Rongguang Collection，During the Republic of China, it spread to collector Mo Yuanzhang，After entering the Guangzhou Art Museum in Tibet，Become the treasure of the town hall。

　　Wen Tong (1018—1079)，Words and cocoa，Mr. Xiaoxiao，People call Mr. Stone Room。Zizhou Yongtai (now Sichuan Yanting)。Zeng Jizhou、Yangzhou and other Zhizhou，In the early years of Yuanfeng, he served as Zhizhou, Huzhou，Dist without any time，Therefore, it is called "Wenhu Prefecture"。Wen Tong is good at poetry, calligraphy, calligraphy and painting，Famous with good painting ink bamboo，Wen Tong painting bamboo advocates "breasts with bamboo"，Drawing ink bamboo can be described as "get affectionate and do everything"。Wen Tong Drawing Bamboo Leaf Pioneer ink is the face、Light ink is the method of back，Under its influence，Formed "Wenhu Prefecture Bamboo School"，History called Huzhou Mo Opera。

　　Wen Tong Mozhu Kaizong School，History of painting has a high evaluation of it。Mi Yan paper with the same bamboo: "Take the deep ink as the face，Light ink is back，From the beginning of it。"Bamboo Book" in "The Biography Bet365 lotto review of Mustard Garden" wrote:，Knowing better than birth，Pen like God help，Miaohe Tiancheng，Gallow in the law，Xiaoyao outside dust。"Guo Ruoxu commented in the text in" The picture see Wen Zhi ":" Good painting ink bamboo，rich and chic，Forced Tan Luan Show，Move on doubt，Those who do not go to bamboo and do not become。""，Wen Tong Mozhu has entered the realm of the product in the interpretation of the history of painting。

　　Literary paintings are re -established in order to do everything，Literary and Merki of all ages favored Zhu，Bamboo becomes a symbol of the ideal moral personality of literati。The famous prince of the Jin Dynasty: "No one day (bamboo)。"Su Dongpo also believes:" It is better to eat without meat，Unreachable no bamboo。Meatless makes people thin，No bamboo is vulgar。People are thin and fat，Vulgar do not do medical。"Bamboo becomes an important image and carrier of literati painting" support "and" entrustment "。

　　Wen Tongai Bamboo、Species bamboo、Bamboo、Draw bamboo，to create a "ink bamboo in the chest"。Su Shi vividly depicts the situation of Wen Tong Draw in Mozhu in the poem: "When it is painted with a bamboo，See Bamboo and I don’t see people。How can I see anyone alone，Danran left his body。Its body and bamboo，Infinite fresh。bet365 best casino games Zhuang Zhou Shi has nothing，Who knows this doubt。"Su Shi first saw the value and meaning of the painting history of Wen Tong Mozhu，Jimo Bamboo's breakthroughs on literati paintings "shape" and "color"，At the same time, inherit the spirit and painting grid of Mozhu，This has created a new realm of literati painting。

　　Wen Tong "Mozhu Map" (Guangzhou Art Museum Collection) uses "S" composition，Stretch from the upper left direction，Draw a low and loud and stretched ink bamboo。Use double hook techniques，Draw a bamboo pole with a pen with a round and heavy center，Although the festival and the section are broken and consecutive; the small branches are stiff upright with a pen，Looking around; divide the bamboo leaves from the back from the back of the back，Eight sides of the front，Sprinkle free，Leaf Tail Folding Fly Flying White，Affordable，Revealed dense，Fully reflects the potential of bamboo and charm。

　　This painting is far from the composition or shape.。Wu Zhen pointed out in "Mozhupan"，This "leaning" bamboo is "bamboo"。纡，Qu Ye。The painting of Wen Tong Mozhu is exactly this kind of bamboo。Wen Fading in the old age，Coupled with the disease of the disease，Bamboo has become a true portrayal of its depression，The painted ink bamboo "rushed to the rock" and "beyond self -protection，The more Bet365 app download difficult the business is "，There is a struggle to rise，reflecting a sense of vitality。As Su Shi said in "Postscript and Kezhu": "Want to see the wind of dead friends，The indomitable person covers so clouds。"Mozhu is exactly the true portrayal of the heart in the adversity。

　　Wen Tong's ink bamboo directly revealed Su Shi's Zhuzhu。Su Shi described a paragraph of Wen Tong in "The Bamboo Bamboo Bamboo Bamboo" in "Wen and the Painted 筼筜筼筜筼筜偃": "The beginning of the bamboo，One inch of cute ears，and the festival leaves。Painted by this painting is the festival，Leaf tired，Is there a bamboo? So draw bamboo，Before you have to become a bamboo in the chest，Emergency start from it，Seeing what he wants to paint，Emergency start from it，Zhenbi straight，to chase what you see，such as rabbit rising，Little vertical is dead。"The essence of Wen Tong Mozhu painting lies in" anxiety from，Little vertical and fleeting "。As Zou Yigui described in "Xiaoshan Painting Book": "It is intended to write first，Bamboo with breasts，Then post，Then there is a situation。”

　　Wen Tong Draw ink Bamboo，Liberated the color barriers of literati paintings，Su Shi went further，Then draw bamboo with Zhubi。Is there a red bamboo in the world? Su Shi put forward the claims of the good appraisal of the good appraisal。Su bet365 best casino games Shi completely liberated the color concept of literati painting，announced that literati painting is "Heart Painting，Voice also "，Turn the direction of painting history，Literary paintings have become mature since then，This is more than a thousand years ahead。

　　Painting of literati painters，Not only the reproduction of the portrait，Instead of drawing a true spiritual experience。Chinese traditional painting focuses on writing gods with shape，The accurate description of the shape to achieve the vivid effect。After the literati paintings of the Song Dynasty are mature，Not only the problems of form and God，Instead of pursuing the "true" of the object of objective image，"The nature of nature，Getting of Chenghua "，Literary painting strength to express the true nature of the universe。In terms of performance function，The manifestation of literati painting from reproduction to the emotional emotional emotion。From the real description of the outside world to the self -expression of the inner mind，Literary paintings have a strong "heartprint" trace。The sketch and shape of naturalism in the hospital paintings are different，Literary painting emphasizes the truth of the image，It is intended to express the vibrant spiritual life of nature。

　　(Author Unit: Chinese Department of Sun Yat -sen University)

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