Resolution of specialized issues in criminal proceedings，Our country has gone through the stage of integrated solution of appraisal opinions (1979-2011)，Appraisal opinion is the main one、After the inspection report is used as a reference for conviction and sentencing during the resolution period (2012-2020)，Now it has advanced to a new stage of parallel resolution of appraisal opinions and specialized problem reports。With the advancement of science and technology and the refinement of social division of labor，Follow the traditional management system of forensic identification and the accountability system for incorrect identification，Can no longer meet the judicial practice needs of reporting evidence on specialized issues。Comply with the requirements of trial-centered litigation system reform，Promote the substantive review and judgment of bet365 tennis bet reports from both the procedural system and substantive rules of court trial certification，Is the basic path to build a bet365 tennis bet reporting system。

　Procedural bet365 tennis bet

The review and judgment of reports on bet365 tennis bet issues often touch upon judges’ knowledge blind spots，At this time, you need to use the procedural system of court trial certification，Crack the judge’s professional knowledge barrier during cross-examination and debate between the prosecution and defense，Promote judges’ substantive review of reports on bet365 tennis bet issues。

First，Moderately relax the conditions for the issuer of a bet365 tennis bet report to appear in court。The appearance of the appraiser and the issuer of the report on specialized issues is more conducive to clearing up doubts and confusion on specialized issues。Compared appraisal opinions，The bet365 tennis bet reporting system is not yet mature，Resulting in a lack of standardization and rigor in the form and content of written evidence，Coupled with the lack of strict management system，The issuer of the report on specialized issues should appear in court to testify。Therefore，It is necessary to moderately relax the restrictions on initiating the appearance of the issuer of a bet365 tennis bet report，Increase their court appearance rate。At the prosecutor、Party、The defender or litigation agent has objections to the bet365 tennis bet report，And the objection is not obviously unreasonable，The judge should notify the issuer of the report to appear in court。If you do not agree with the report issuer to appear in court because the objection is obviously unreasonable，The judge should explain the reasons in writing，And give the parties the right to apply for review of the written decision。In addition，Even if the relevant subject does not raise any objection，However, the judge believes that it will promote the substantive review and judgment of the report on specialized issues，Also has the right to directly notify the issuer of the report to appear in court。

Secondly，Improving the rules for cross-examination after the issuer of the bet365 tennis bet report appears in court。Based on current legal provisions，After the issuer of the bet365 tennis bet report appeared in court，State the contents of the report to the court first，Then the direction of evidence will ask questions。This not only causes the program to be delayed and repeated，Furthermore, it may be difficult for the issuer of a bet365 tennis bet report to grasp the key points when addressing the court alone。So when practicing the law in the future，It can be stipulated that the content of the report does not need to be stated，Ask the evidence directly to him，To the court with precision and efficiency、The cross-examiner presents important content。In addition，The order of asking questions should be established based on "who gives evidence" rather than "who applies"。On the one hand，It can be resolved when the judge directly notifies the issuer of the bet365 tennis bet report to appear in court ex officio，The awkward situation of asking questions in unclear order；On the other hand，It can ensure that cross-examination is always in the positive sequence logic of "first adduce evidence and then cross-examine"。

AGAIN，Initiation process for reshaping the appearance of expert assistants。The appearance of expert assistants in court can help strengthen the cross-examination effect of reports on bet365 tennis bet issues，However, whether it is necessary for an expert assistant to appear in court is entirely at the discretion of the judge，To a certain extent, it is responsible for the low rate of appearing in court。Need to reshape the triggering conditions for expert assistants to appear in court，For related applications，The judge should allow it in principle。Only when the reason for application is obviously unreasonable，Or only involving judges、Prosecutor、Parties and their defenders、When there are formal issues that the litigation attorney can resolve by himself，For example, whether the report format of bet365 tennis bet issues is complete and standardized、Whether the subject’s ability to issue the report is qualified, etc.，relevant applications must be rejected。

Finally，Clear the rules for cross-examination of expert assistants after appearing in court。When the prosecution and defense apply for an expert assistant to appear in court，Expert facilitators can comment on bet365 tennis bet reports、Question directly the issuer of the report，The issuer of the report can provide an explanation and response after this。Using the aforementioned direct confrontation mechanism，The cross-examination ability of the cross-examination party of the bet365 tennis bet report has been strengthened，While promoting the qualitative verification，It also realizes the judge’s ability to listen and understand。When the judge ex officio notifies the expert assistant to appear in court，Expert assistants mainly play the role of providing intellectual support to the court。Report for specialized issues，The expert assistant first states his professional opinion to the court，You can then ask questions along the side of evidence、The order in which the other party asks questions，Acquire expertise through questioning expert facilitators，On this basis, the prosecution and defense can better conduct cross-examination and defense on the bet365 tennis bet report。

　　Entity bet365 tennis bet

In terms of entity rule construction，It can clarify the specific key points and methods for judges to review and judge each element of a bet365 tennis bet report，To form a complete framework for the substantive review of bet365 tennis bet reports。

First，Destroy the theory of qualifications only，Examine the actual ability of the issuer of bet365 tennis bet reports from multiple dimensions。For those who have mature industry association management systems in bet365 tennis bet areas，The qualification certificate serves as the preliminary verification result of the relevant organization on the ability of the report issuer，Naturally, it can become an important reference indicator for judges to review and judge.。In addition，It is necessary to build a more diversified report issuer competency review system。On the one hand，The extent to which the issuer of the examination report possesses specialized knowledge in litigation。The details can be determined from the educational background of the subject、Professional experience and years、Quantity and quality of academic research results、Peer evaluation、Investigation on the correlation between areas of expertise and specialized problems to be solved。On the other hand，Review familiarity with business processes for issuing specialized problem reports。The number of times the report issuer participated in the resolution of specialized issues in criminal proceedings、Issue report adoption rate、Investigation on industry reputation and other aspects。

Second，Abandon rigid format，Emphasis on review of essential elements of report presentation。Diversity based on bet365 tennis bet reporting，It is not appropriate to rigidly define the format of its issuance，In the process of specific review and judgment，You only need to flexibly review whether the bet365 tennis bet report has the following key elements。First，Basic requirements for bet365 tennis bet reports，For example, delegate subject、Entrusted matters and requirements、Report issuer and issue time, etc.，Particular attention should be paid to checking whether it has the signature and seal of the report issuer，And it should be accurate to the natural person who issued the report，Any bet365 tennis bet report only stamped by the unit shall not be used as the basis for finalization。Secondly，Process Requirements for Issuing Special Issue Reports，Mainly includes the methods used in issuing reports、Instruments and equipment、Technical standards followed、Basic information on materials required for report issuance, etc.。Finally，The issuer of the bet365 tennis bet report should also take the initiative to attach supporting materials of his/her qualifications and abilities，So that judges can conduct more targeted review and judgment on their abilities。

　Third，Put an end to blind superstition，The principles underlying reporting on bet365 tennis bet issues、Review of method legitimacy。For more mature subject areas，The principles upon which it relies should be reviewed、Whether methods comply with national standards、Industry specifications or technical requirements，Whether it has been published publicly and approved by peer review，Whether it has a high degree of acceptance in this subject field, etc.。For those who are still in the early stages of development，An emerging field that has not yet formed a mature standard system and unified industry understanding，The focus of review and judgment should be on whether the rationality of the principle or method can be effectively verified。Specifically，You can check whether the report issuer can provide experimental data、Statistical analysis results and other supporting materials that can be perceived by the outside world。

　Fourth，Avoid formalism，Strengthen the review of the logical rigor of reasoning in bet365 tennis bet reports。First，Strict logical reasoning should be based on the premise that the report issuer is neutral。Therefore，Focus should be placed on examining whether the report issuer has been threatened, induced or influenced by public opinion，Whether the issuer of the report is a party to this case or a close relative of a party、Whether the issuer of the report or his close relatives have any interest in this case, etc.。Secondly，The issuance of bet365 tennis bet reports shall comply with legal procedures。Therefore，The selection of issuers of bet365 tennis bet reports should be examined、Launch of bet365 tennis bet reporting system、Whether the formation and operating procedures of specialized problem reports comply with relevant standards and specifications。Finally，The reasoning logic of bet365 tennis bet reports needs to be expressed in an externalized form that can be perceived by the outside world。Therefore，Focus on reviewing the adequacy and rigor of reasoning，And whether the only conclusion can be reached beyond reasonable doubt。

　Fifth，Relieving the dilemma of proof review，Focus on the corroborating analysis of bet365 tennis bet reports and other evidence。On the one hand，Limited by professional knowledge barriers，It is difficult for judges to judge the probative force based only on bet365 tennis bet reports。On the other hand，Only a bet365 tennis bet report is not enough to prove the facts of the case，In addition to reviewing the specialized issues report evidence itself，Attention should also be paid to the analysis of the corroborating relationship between the report and other evidence。Take the price report as an example，You can check whether there are downstream merchants、The testimony of insiders and other relevant subjects confirms its probative power。If there is no other evidence to confirm it，The probative power of specialized problem reports is also reduced accordingly。

In short，Establishment of the evidentiary status of reports on specialized issues，Responded to the urgent need in judicial practice to solve specialized problems。Problems of increasing specialization versus variety，The formulation of specifications for generating specialized problem reports often lags behind，Therefore, the focus of the construction of the bet365 tennis bet reporting system should be placed on the improvement of substantive review judgment rules。Next，We should focus on further promoting the positioning transformation of expert assistant opinions，By optimization、Creation cross-examination、Rules for confrontation and cross-examination，Achieve equal confrontation between prosecution and defense。This is the only way to make substantive review and judgment on reports on specialized issues，It is also a key breakthrough in adhering to the trial-centered approach to promote substantive reform of court trials。

　　(The author is a doctoral candidate at the bet365 tennis bet School of Ocean University of China；Professor of Capital Normal University School of Political Science)