Director of the Byzantine Research Center of Oxford University, British University、"The Silk Roads: A New History of the World" by the "Silk Road" by Peter Frankopan Professor Peter Frankopan.，It is well received around the world。Many overseas media evaluations，This book breaks the "Western Center theory" formed for a long time，The barriers that spans ideology，Attitude with the original Qing Dynasty，Destination of a world history that focuses on the east，Restore the prosperity of trade between trade between trading and civilization on the ancient Silk Road of China。Recent，Our reporter interviewed Franco Pan，Please tell him from the perspective of the world history to tell the significant impact of Silk Road civilization on human civilization。

Franco Pan explained to reporters，A large number of historical documents on the study of the ancient Silk Road research，Before the arrival of European Renaissance and Western Voyage，The center of the World Stage is not in the East in Europe and represented by Asia。Human history revolves around Western culture and Western cultural characteristics、Value or ideal with some universal perspective，All are a bias cognitive containing strong subjective colors and cultural prejudice。

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"China Social Sciences": "Silk Road: a new world history" was published，Many readers call it a containing epic book，and said that I met a grand civilization world woven from the ancient Silk Road originated in China。What do you think of these evaluations?

　　Franco Pan:History is complex and delicate，Draw a huge canvas in depicting history，It also needs enough patience and vision。In the process of writing this book，I checked nearly 3,000 epic documents in many national collections，Try to combine the historical combination of the Silk Road into a complete system that keeps with the times through a lot of precious information。In the book，I also continue to switch the perspective to restore the big puzzle on the long history of the ancient Silk Road。

According to a large number of research analysis，I conclude that such a conclusion: Before the rise of the West in the 16th century, the West became before becoming a world hegemon，Silk Road dominates the process of world history。Even after the 16th century，The Silk Road still deeply affects the process of world civilization。It should be said，The ancient Silk Road is a valuable heritage of human civilization，It not only belongs to China，Also belongs to the world。Today's eagerly exploring the history of China and its civilization Bet365 app download today，"Silk Road: A new World History" can introduce and spread the power of the Silk Road civilization to the world，I feel deeply honored for this。

In my opinion，The history of the Silk Road can be described as a concentrated world history，It witnessed the way human survival and civilizations of the distant era。The Silk Road that originated in China is the main road connecting the East and the West，Draw a long volume of world history，This long volume span for more than 2000 years、Affecting the area covers global。Silk Road connects the Pacific coast of China and the coast of the African and European Atlantic Ocean，Makes seafood circulation between Persian Gulf and Indian Ocean，and land trade travel through the Asian ridge becomes possible。It can be said，traffic on the ancient Silk Road constitutes the "central nervous system" of the world more than 2000 years ago。

"Camel Bell" on the Silk Road on the land and "White Sail" on the Maritime Silk Road，Silk that once made China、Tea、Porcelain and other civilized elements swept the world，Objectively contributed to the glory of the Roman Empire and the Persian Empire，Promoting Buddhism、Christian、Islam rises rapidly and spread throughout the world。As a region where multiple civilizations meet and gather，Pilgrims of different races and faith、Businessman、Shepherd、Scholar、Monk，Go and go on this channel。With their footprint，Cargo、Religious、Language、Art、Wisdom can be created and spread。

So far，Some scholars are still committed to studying the trade and cultural exchanges between the Chinese Han Dynasty and the Roman Empire on the ancient Silk Road。In the prosperity period of the Han Dynasty，The Roman Empire is also in the heyday，Control most of Europe、North Africa and the Middle East。Horse、Leather、Textiles、Metale of products such as meat，greatly promoted the economic prosperity and social development of both parties。The positive interaction between the two parties on this ancient road forms an uninterrupted civilized zone，and constantly colliding and fusion with the surrounding grassland nomadic peoples。

　　The Silk Road has been the center of the world for a long time

"China Social Sciences": Do you think，Before the arrival of European Renaissance and Western Voyage，The center of the World Stage is not in the East in Europe and represented by Asia。What is the reason?

Franco Pan:For a long time，European mainstream academic circles have always claimed the "Mediterranean" as the cradle of human civilization，Even the meaning of the word "Mediterranean" itself is "the central government of the earth"。But，In fact，The real "center of the earth" is not the sea that is divided into Europe and North Africa，and the heart in Asia。Through a large number of literature surveys and research analysis，I have always believed in，The Asian hinterland crossing the ancient Silk Road is the cradle of human civilization，and the Silk Road has been the center of the world for a long time。

In fact，British historian Tang Yinbi put forward the idea of ​​"anti -European Bet365 app download center theory" very early。He thinks，No ethnic country in Europe can independently explain its own historical problems，All historical phenomena should be placed in a broader range to compare and inspect。

For many years，With the growth of knowledge and deepening cognition，I believe it is increasingly believed: thousands of years，connecting the Asian area between Europe and the Pacific，is the axis heart of the earth。In fact，Many cultural scholars think today，Human civilization originally originated here，Even human beings are born here。This area has the most important rivers in the world: the Yellow River、Yangtze River;、Euphrates River; Indian River; Mekong River。

The flow of these large rivers has produced early text writing of human beings，The first batch of villages and cities in the world was born。These villages and cities are like strings of pearl，embellishment on the ridge of Asia，Witness the formation of the early human commodity trading market。With the rise in labor demand and the increasing population of population，The form of the city -state as the early "country" is generated。Take some densely populated cities，Some large -scale civilized areas formed a library、Welling Church、Church、Large -scale astronomical observation tower emerged in these areas，Its cultural influence spreads all around。magnificent architecture、Stepped streets、Precision and complex sewage discharge system，All created miracles of the ancient world，Even in Europe after many years cannot be comparable to it。

other，Confucius was born on this ancient oriental passage、Lao Tzu、Saints in human history such as Shakyamuni，and this era is also known by historians as the "axis era" of the world。Today，Their crystalline crystals still guide the direction of modern humans.。It can be said，This is the region of the main incident in global history，It is the most prosperous area of ​​global trade，It also has Chinese civilization、civilization of the two river basins、Ancient Indian civilization, the most prosperous areas of the most prosperous civilization form。

　"Oriental Study" term exposure cultural prejudice

"China Social Sciences": Today in the West, there are all prejudices for oriental culture，You criticize this in the book，and point out that the term "Oriental Studies" has exposed these prejudices。Please detail this point of view。

Franco Pan:The term "Oriental Study" was originally produced as a harsh theoretical term with negative meaning。This theoretical term believes that the East is not developed enough，Not as good as the West in many aspects，Therefore, it is not worth taking it seriously。Some Westerners use colored glasses to observe the Eastern area，and define it as a backward and weird existence，I even came to the saying of "barbaric Oriental"。Today，The prejudice of Eastern culture can still be found in the West。But it is undeniable that，Today's Oriental has once again become a global center。The British Department of Defense once invested in a report that the world will face the world will face in the next few years，One of them is "the transfer of power from the west to the east"。

In fact，West becomes the so -called "center of the world"，It happened in a short time，This change is mainly caused by the two maritime navigation at the end of the 15th century。First, the first 15th century Columbus span the Atlantic，Playing the road to the Americas; followed by a few years later, Da Gamma will succeed in Africa's hopes，and sail to India in a distance，From this open a new maritime trade channel。These two new navigation discovery has made Western Europe the fulcrum of global trade and transportation from a occlusion land。

But，The rise of the West in the short term brings a series of rights to historical interpretation、Competition of the dominance of the sea passage。Some ideas about ideological struggle、Concept、Behavior is emphasized in the West，The past of world history was distorted，The rise of the West was rendered as an inevitable historical logic。

I think，Some Western scholars have a strong subjective way to write about history，Exposure of a deep -rooted cultural prejudice。This cultural prejudice selectively filter out the so -called "inferior culture"，Its essence is a nationalist emotion that serves political goals。But，Talk about how the superior civilization of a certain nation improves or improves the civilization of other nations，It means betrayal of history、betrayal science、betrayal of facts。

　　"China Social Sciences": You once said，The success of the West today is largely due to the economic and cultural benefits brought by the ancient Silk Road in China，However, this is ignored by many Western historians today。Please explain this view further。

Franco Pan:I tried to confirm in the book，The rise of Western countries such as Europe is closely related to foreign merchant groups emerging from the ancient Silk Road，The arrival of new buyers and sellers has brought huge benefits to the local production of European countries，It has also promoted the spread of new technologies such as shipping，This allows the goods on the Silk Road to be faster than before、It is cheaper to be transported cheaper to European consumers，and further promoted the large -scale trade growth in Europe。But，Unfortunately，These factors later became the seeds that promoted the rooting of Western imperialism to germinate。

Once，Handicrafts from the ancient Silk Road greatly attracted Western scholars。Many Western archaeologists、Explorers plunder precious Chinese cultural heritage on this ancient channel，Put these cultural relics in the name of "care" and "protection"，Bring it back to Britain and other regions of Europe。Today these cultural museums Bet365 app download are collected or scattered around the world。In fact，All the empires in history will do similar things when expanding: plunder the property and heritage of other countries。The same is true of the British Empire，The glory of "Never Falling" in history，To a large extent, thanks to the search for wealth on the ancient Silk Road。

Today，Many cultural relics have finally returned to the embrace of China -except for the pursuit of some government official channels，There are also some generous and rich Chinese buyers from galleries and auctions，and donate them to various collection halls in China。This constitutes part of a rich historical cycle，I feel relieved for this。

　　The ancient Silk Road ushered in the prosperity again

"China Social Sciences": What do you think of the so -called "Silk Road decline" in the West today?

Franco Pan:I noticed the existence of the "Silk Road Decline" remarks。I think，Some European and American powers are in the face of the Silk Road that originated in China，Lack of a kind of perspective of standing from a global history、Broadly and magnificent vision。Many so -called "Western Intellectuals" announced，Today's Silk Road is no longer an important hub that can affect the world in the past。But，Just take one step back，You can get more valuable insights and more outstanding eyes。

Since ancient times，Various thoughts、Customs、The language is connected to East、Cancer on the Silk Road on the West，This state is still continuing today。time to this day，Pagas in Asia，Will China and Europe、Lihai、Gaoco Mountains、New traffic trunk lines connected by Persian Gulf and Southeast Asian countries，Still printed on the footprints of those travelers and sages who are running around with goods and faith.，and the marks left by these footprints still cannot be wiped out today。

What must be admitted is，Today's Silk Road still affects the nerves of the entire world，Become one of the most watched areas in the world。What is worth celebrating is，Its historical significance and cultural value are thousands of years，In the new era, new vitality and vitality have been rejuvenated，Welcome to prosper again。2013，President Xi Jinping faces the future world，Proposal to the great idea of ​​benefiting the world for the "Belt and Road" initiative，Re -awakening people's memories of the prosperity of the ancient Silk Road more than 2000 years ago，It also activated the glory history of this ancient channel。

Under the careful creation of the Chinese government，A large investment is used to build a railway that spans Eurasia。7,000 miles of the Yuxinou International Railway has been opened to traffic from China to the logistics center near Duisburg, Germany -President Xi Jinping visited here in 2014。On the ancient Silk Road，A bundle of silk takes a few months or longer to transport from Asia to Europe，and only a few hours today。

bet365 Play online games In my opinion，President Xi Jinping's idea of ​​investing in cooperation with the country to establish a cooperation and exchange with the joint establishment of the country，It is based on such a cognition -different races、Belief、Countries with cultural backgrounds can completely share peace。2015，President Xi Jinping pointed out at the Sino -British Industry and Commerce Summit，"This road is not a private path for a certain side，but the Sunshine Avenue that everyone moves forward "。This statement impressed the world。In sharp contrast to it is，Some western powers are still continuing to be the old road of the former imperialism。

　Powding the "happiness road" that benefit the world is wider and farther

"China Social Sciences": What enlightenment can you think the Silk Road and Silk Road spirit can bring to the world today?

Franco Pan:The turbulence faced by some large Western powers、Compared with the crisis，Today’s China is prosperous、Mature and stable China，Realizing the people's worry -free and long -term security。Today Asia, especially China today，has become many Western economists、Focus on the attention of strategic experts and diplomats。For the past few decades，No country can show a tremendous change like China，Hundreds of millions of people get rid of poverty，Economic Realization made countries envy。In many countries，The consequences of rapid economic growth are often uncontrollable，It is not easy to achieve real sustainable development。But，China has done this，This is inseparable from the effective decision -making of Chinese leaders。

Compared to Western Culture，Chinese culture pays more attention to the preservation，This makes China more willing to listen to its own past、Go patiently to understand the past of its distant neighbors，and continuously draw experience from history。Now，The Chinese government not only makes an orderly adjustment period of its own development，New features emerging from the new normal stage of the economy，It is also adapted to the rhythm of the transformation and change of the world today with an open and inclusive vision。

With the increase in China's influence in the international system，This will naturally make some prejudice of some western powers on China more and more。Talking about "global hegemony" and "global influence" in Western diplomacy，China is achieving a kind of peace、The rise of friendliness and civilization。This concept is in the history of the ancient Silk Road，I can still find a lot of repercussions。For example，The famous navigator of the Ming Dynasty Zheng He crossed the Indian Ocean to the East Coast of Africa，The desire and sincere friendship of the African people brought peaceful wishes and sincere friendship，instead of sword gun guns and plunder slave。

At this moment，Human life lives in a turbulent and difficult times。The world has not fully got out of the new crown epidemic，bet365 best casino games The impact of the crisis of Ukraine is still，The situation in the Middle East is still turbulent，New technologies such as artificial intelligence have replaced human concerns increasingly，Global climate issues are getting worse。Under this background，Western countries must realize，Expanding cooperation with China is not only good for each other、More beneficial to the world。

Historical proof of the ancient Silk Road，Hard、Frequent human exchanges can greatly promote innovation and cooperation。Humans should welcome the existence of cultural diversity，The open effects of foreign culture and foreign thoughts，It will make a country progress in the economic field、Enriched in the cultural field。The long river of history has been proven，Breaking changes or adherence to cultural standardization will only bring history of history，and this unfortunate consequences will become more and more significant over time。"Peace Cooperation、Mutual Learning and Mutual Learning、Mutual Learning and Mutual Learning、mutual benefit and win -win "should be the mainstream -at this moment，The world needs such a Silk Road spirit。The joyful thing is，China is using this benefit world、benefit the "Happiness Road" of various countries wider and farther。