Since 2023，Discussions on the concept of “Global South” cross the boundaries of international relations，No longer limited to a single platform for academic publications。On the one hand，The number of mentions of “Global South” in international public opinion has increased dramatically；On the other hand，The international status of those countries classified as “Global South” is increasing，In International Politics、Economy、Culture、Technological Innovation、Climate governance and other aspects play a role that cannot be underestimated。In this context，Western countries seize on the ambiguity and time-changing characteristics of the concept of “Global South”，Hype and misinterpret it，For example, denying China’s developing country status，Attempting to exclude China from the “Global South”，The purpose is to strengthen influence in the “Global South”，Wantlessly expanding misunderstandings among countries in bet365 mobile、Intensify conflicts，Weaken the voice and action power of global South countries to reshape the global pattern。

Recently，Director of the Center for Chinese Studies at the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina、Ignacio Villagran, President of the Latin American China Studies Association, on the definition and application of the term "Global South"、Major opportunities and challenges for South-South cooperation、How the fine tradition of China’s diplomacy safeguards China’s cooperation with countries in bet365 mobile and other topics，Accepted an interview with our reporter。Bi Jiahong thinks，The "Global South" represents the firm belief that countries exploring independent development paths work together to create a new world order。Future，Countries in bet365 mobile still need to overcome difficulties，Maintain national interests and the results of South-South cooperation，Build a more mature partnership network，Highlighting the emerging power of the “Global South”。Working together with civilizations with unique characteristics to share development opportunities、Conspiracy for people’s welfare，China’s initiative、Institutions and actions play an irreplaceable role from beginning to end。

　　The concept of “bet365 mobile” breaks through geographical restrictions

《China Social Sciences News》: What do you think of the meaning of the concept of "bet365 mobile" in different contexts？

bet365 mobile Jiahong:Since the beginning of the 21st century，International academic circles have launched a heated discussion on the term "bet365 mobile"，Covering global geography、Economic development and diplomatic positioning, etc.。I think the concept of "bet365 mobile" is very complex，And there are many contradictions，So before using it，We must explain something first。First，The “South” in “bet365 mobile” seems to be referring to a geographical region，But that’s not the case。Just as the word "West" is not used to demarcate geographical locations，It represents the shared history of some countries、Geopolitical and cultural characteristics，The “bet365 mobile” represents the vision of a possibility shared by many countries with different types of development，That’s the challenge to serve North America、Institution-based world order in the interests of developed economies in Western Europe and the Asia-Pacific region。In this sense，The “bet365 mobile” includes many countries formerly classified as “Third World”，Even many participants in the Non-Aligned Movement in the 1950s。I think，The term "bet365 mobile" has the potential to shake up the world system imposed by Western countries to limit the development of other countries，Encourage people to establish diplomatic relations based on respect for each country’s sovereignty and development needs，Eliminate forced negotiations，And adopt a more flexible dialogue method to reach consensus，Ultimately develop mutually beneficial South-South cooperation in many fields。

　　Promote bet365 mobile in a more flexible way

"China Social Sciences News": What challenges are currently faced by countries in bet365 mobile in establishing friendly and cooperative partnerships with each other？

bet365 mobile Jiahong:Global South countries are establishing equal treatment for each other、Mutual discussion and understanding、Global partnerships for mutual learning face many challenges。First，Priorities of bet365 mobile、Different diplomatic goals and national interests，International agendas vary greatly。Secondly，Conflicts within the country、Disputes or instability have limited the actions and plans of some global South countries to participate in international affairs。For example，Mexico and India are both major countries in bet365 mobile。Mexico is the largest economy in the Spanish-speaking world，It is also the second largest economy among Latin American countries，We have long upheld the principle of national sovereignty，Oppose power politics。However，Mexico’s economy is deeply intertwined with the United States，Its economic development relies heavily on its privileged access to the North American market，This limits Mexico’s choices on the international stage to a certain extent。India has a very clear leadership role in bet365 mobile，Especially after joining the BRICS。But，India also maintains military cooperation with the United States and joint operations in the Indo-Pacific region。This clearly shows，Major countries in bet365 mobile adopt different foreign policies。South-South cooperation faces certain challenges，Including shifts in government political alliances at the national level，This may lead some political groups to be more active in aligning their countries' interests with those of Western countries，To obtain economic cooperation、Benefits such as security or international influence。This situation will inevitably affect a country’s foreign policy and international cooperation，It may also lead to crises such as sacrificing national autonomy or losing independence on certain issues。However，Global South countries have more opportunities and consensus in building global partnerships，A positive sign is that cooperation among multiple international associations and institutions in bet365 mobile has been increasing，Gathering synergy for development，Continuously enhance the representation and voice of developing countries on the international stage through mutual collaboration。

　《China Social Sciences Journal》: What do you think of the future development of China’s partnership with other countries in bet365 mobile？

bet365 mobile Jiahong:In the past few years，The development and growth of the “One Belt, One Road” initiative and the historic expansion of BRICS countries have demonstrated new initiatives to the international community、How new institutions can serve the development interests of countries in bet365 mobile，And how to provide alternatives to the international organizations that emerged after World War II。It is worth mentioning，China’s contribution to promoting the infrastructure modernization of countries in bet365 mobile is huge。China provides investment and technical support to its partner countries，Steady advancement of infrastructure projects in transportation and energy production，Let green environmental protection technology satisfy the general interests of the people of partner countries，At the same time ensure that the ecological environment is effectively protected and improved。But，In recent years，Some southern countries have doubts about this。This is because some remarks by the US government and officials have affected the views of these countries in bet365 mobile on deepening cooperation with China。They are motivated by financial constraints or fear of U.S. sanctions，The cooperative relationship with China may be adjusted in the future。Also，The domestic political dynamics of some countries in bet365 mobile are also potential factors that may change their cooperation with China。That’s for sure，China’s determination and ability to actively promote multilateralism and regional cooperation，As well as the Chinese model and Chinese experience that are worth learning for the majority of developing countries，Promoted the collective rise of countries in bet365 mobile。In the face of continuous adjustments to the global situation，China and countries in bet365 mobile should strengthen communication，Finding new breakthroughs for South-South cooperation、Inject new momentum，Solve the urgent problems faced by mankind today。

　　bet365 mobile proposes to promote deeper and more substantial cooperation

《Chinese Social Sciences Journal》: History、What roles do cultural and economic ties play in shaping China’s relations with other countries in bet365 mobile？

bet365 mobile Jiahong:In my opinion，Although it is important for China to establish cultural ties with developing countries in bet365 mobile，But it is more important to establish historical and economic ties with them。As a follower of realist international relations theory，I am very aware of the role of cultural understanding in promoting international dialogue，But in international relations，National interests are the important factor that promotes the continuous development of relations between countries。In this sense，Many examples of economic cooperation in China’s diplomatic history demonstrate kindness and goodwill，There was no pressure or coercion in these instances，There is no use of force。Since the founding of the People's Republic of China，The Chinese People’s Liberation Army rarely conducts military operations overseas。Also，China has been fully assisting Africa since the 1950s，Greatly promoted the development and revitalization of African countries。The beginning of the new millennium，China’s banking institutions have become a major source of funding for global infrastructure projects。Respect each other’s sovereignty and territorial integrity、Mutual non-aggression、Non-interference in each other’s internal affairs、Equality and mutual benefit、Peaceful coexistence has always been the fundamental principle that China adheres to in its foreign policy。China’s efforts to achieve great progress for developing countries，As well as the direct economic benefits brought by maintaining good relations and the history of non-interference in internal affairs，Let developing countries see a different diplomatic model from the past。Therefore，In recent years, more and more countries are willing to establish diplomatic relations with China、Resumption of diplomatic relations，Continuously carry out mutually beneficial and win-win South-South cooperation。

　"China Social Sciences Journal": Cooperating to address climate change、Global challenges such as economic inequality and digital divide，What role does China play with countries in bet365 mobile？

bet365 mobile Jiahong:Over the past few decades，China has always adhered to an independent foreign policy of peace，Actively participate in global governance，Built mutual respect with most countries in the world、Partnership for common development。Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，China has successively proposed the “One Belt, One Road” initiative、Global Development Initiative、Global Security Initiative、Global Civilization Initiative and a series of "China Initiatives"，Fully reflects China’s efforts in improving how international institutions respond to global challenges。For example，2021，President Xi Jinping starts from the common welfare of all mankind and China’s practice，Propose global development initiative。The initiative highlights a series of commitments to accelerate the implementation of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development，For example, changing the focus of development from market-oriented、Moving from a private company profit maximization focus to a holistic, people-centered approach。This approach takes into account not only differences within societies but also between countries，We also continue to coordinate the relationship between production, operation and environmental protection，To achieve global sustainable development。Also，Bridging the digital divide、In terms of giving full play to the development potential of countries in bet365 mobile，Countries still need to continue to explore。The Global Development Initiative specifically mentions the importance of bridging the development gap between North and South。This is one of the reasons why global development initiatives are so popular among countries in bet365 mobile，Attracting many countries from bet365 mobile to actively join the “Group of Friends of the Global Development Initiative”，Jointly participate in the promotion of this initiative，And strengthen cooperation in related fields，Share experiences and resources，Promote fairer global development。Meanwhile，Academic and cultural exchanges are also one of the key factors in promoting deeper and more substantial cooperation between China and other countries in bet365 mobile。Nearly ten years，Chinese universities and think tanks have conducted many friendly visits with relevant institutions in the “Global South”，Enhance mutual understanding and mutual trust，Laid a solid foundation for knowledge sharing and technical exchange。In the long run，Academic and cultural exchanges under the framework of South-South cooperation can not only deepen and expand global partnerships，It is also conducive to promoting the realization of common goals。