2023，Facing the global economic situation of international changes and weak recovery，China's economy still achieved steady growth。Excellent performance of China's economy，Not only greatly boosted the global economic development confidence，and won the high appreciation of the international academic community。But，Recently in some Western politicians group，China's economic "singing and declining theory" is one after another。In fact，For decades，Various arguments of the Chinese economy in the West，Such as "Breaking Chain", "Growth Source Destiny" and so on.。

To interpret the current situation and future growth trend of the Chinese economy，The reporter interviewed the professor of economics at St. Paul State University in Brazil、Confucius Institute Panfang President Luís Antonio Paulino。Paulino thinks，In the current global economic prospects, unknown、Under the severe situation that hinders heavily，Western economy is deeply trapped in the quagmire，Most developing economies are still fragile，The risk of "hard landing" still exists。On the contrary，The difficulties brought by the Chinese economy in the face of many disadvantages of external external，Still can achieve enviable results，shows its vitality foot、Features of strong toughness。Various signs indicate，China's economy still has a strong source of power，And the Chinese economy "singing and declining theory" existing in Western countries will eventually break self -breaking。

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"China Social Sciences": How do you evaluate the growth of China's economic growth in the past decades? What are the factors of the stable growth of China's economy?

Paulino:Since the reform and opening up，China's economy has created many rare miracles in the world。Under the excellent leadership of the Communist Party of China，China has adopted the right policy at every historical moment in economic reform，This makes it from 1978 to 2008，China's economy has maintained a growth rate of nearly 10%in 30 years，Maintain a stable and sustainable growth momentum。

If we compare the successful experience of China's reform and opening up with the failure lesson of the Soviet Union，It will be found that the leadership of the Communist Party of China and the stability of the national political system is an important factor that promotes China's economic leap，This makes China successfully realize the smooth transition from a planned economy to a socialist market economy。During this transition process，Need to close a large number of state -owned enterprises，This may objectively affect national security and bring social turmoil，However, there is no happening in reality。It is due to the wise leadership of the Communist Party of China，China can be courageous to face the new social conditions that are constantly appearing，Continuously adopting policy measures that are beneficial to the country and people，China's economy can also give people full confidence。No doubt，China's economy still has the ability to achieve a much higher growth rate than most developed economies。According to data from the International Monetary Fund，During 42 years from 1980 to 2022，China's per capita GDP has increased from 2%to 28%compared to the per capita GDP of the United States.，This is equivalent to turning many times。It should be said，China's economy still has huge growth space in the future。

China's socialist market economy system is proven to have many advantages，China's insistence on the modernization of socialist modernization，Help it successfully achieved the grand goal of building a well -off society in an all -round way，and historically eliminate absolute poverty。This road determines that China's economic growth model is in line with the fundamental interests of most people。This model is completely different from the economic growth model that people have seen in the West。In Western countries，The increase in the increase of wealth wealth is at the cost of sacrificing the wealth of the poor，Accompanied by its economic growth is only the increasing gap between the rich and the poor and social polarization。

　China's economy is full of toughness and vitality

"China Social Sciences": The global financial crisis and the new crown epidemic have caused many developed economies and developed economies to suffer huge impact，But China's economy has successfully stood the severe test of these two crises。How do you comment on this?

Paulino:The global financial crisis in 2008 and the new crown epidemic in recent years have caused a serious impact on the developed economies，This impact triggered a long -term ambush in the Western capitalist system，For public finance、Private Economy、Workers' income and the lives of ordinary people have a series of negative effects，Cover the entire society into a dangerous vicious cycle。Today，What prevails in the West is an extremely pessimistic mood for the future。Regardless of the future economic situation，People always hold a pessimistic attitude，It seems that they can faintly predict that another crisis is coming。

Current，The turbulence of the international situation leads to a slowdown in the global economic recovery and slowing growth。Many scholars are discussing hidden dangers buried in the global economy, especially in the Western economy。Professor of Columbia University in the United States、historian Adam ToOze (Adam tooze) uses the theory of "Polycrisis" to define the contemporary world，and describe the new crown epidemic、International conflict、Energy crisis、The interaction between global challenges such as life cost and climate change。

No doubt，2008 Global Financial Crisis and Certificate of New Crown Epidemium，China's economy is more elastic than the economy of some Western countries。Of course, the Chinese economy is also facing the challenge brought by multiple unfavorable factors in the international environment，But China does not allow itself to be assimilated by the pessimism of the West for a long time。The global economy has fallen into a decline in 2022，China's GDP has successfully achieved a 3%growth。2023，The Chinese government has adopted a series of powerful measures to promote economic recovery，Successfully achieved the initial set of about 5%economic growth goals。China is the first country in the world to quickly recover from the influence of the new crown epidemic。Data statistics，In recent years，The contribution rate of a quarter of the global economic growth comes from China。

Bet365 app download So far，Although most global economies have avoided the worst situation of "hard landing"，But many developing economies still have not fully got out of the new crown epidemic。Western protectionist policy impacted the economy of underdeveloped countries，The gap between the rich and the poor in the world is further widening。must be pointed out，If there is no assistance from China，Some situations faced by some developing economies will be worse。Let's take Brazil as an example，Although facing the influence of unfavorable factors from the global economic environment，But the Brazilian economy still achieved a growth of about 3%in 2023，This is largely due to the huge demand of Brazil export products in the Chinese market。2023，Brazil exports to China has reached a record 100 billion US dollars。

An important difference between China's economy and the economy of Western rich countries is，Some major macroeconomic variables in Western wealthy countries，If economic growth rate、Employment rate and inflation rate，to a large extent affected by market instability factors。and the Chinese government seeks the stability of the main macroeconomic variables，and provide a clear vision and direction for market investors to guide their investment decisions。To some extent，Market investors, such as entrepreneurs, depend on their expectations for the future。Under these expectations is negative or blurred，Entrepreneurs tend to give up investment。The Chinese government undoubtedly knows this，Therefore, the future behavior of the market entity is regulated through a clear policy guidance policy，to ensure stable economic behavior and investment flow。

　　Successfully avoid caught in a "medium income trap"

"China Social Sciences": some scholars call，For any medium -income economy，In the process of transitioning to high -income economies，It is easy to fall into the "secondary income trap"。Do you think the Chinese economy also faces this challenge?

Paulino:In fact，The process of transition from the economic governor to the economy to meet food and clothing is complicated and contradictory，Because new problems will occur when solving some difficult problems，Need a new solution。such as，Western industrialization process began in the middle of the 18th century，On the one hand, it has fundamentally improved human living conditions，Destroy the restraint of the feudal system，It has contributed to the realization of economic modernization; on the other hand, it also brings a series of difficult problems that are difficult to solve，such as global warming、River and ocean pollution、High incidence of epidemics and intensification of social inequality。In addition，The more a society is moving towards cutting -edge technology，Economically, the richer，The more you will find that you are facing more complex problems。This is like climbing a high mountain，The closer to the peak，The more difficult it is。From the perspective of historical materialism and dialectics，You can understand this well，That is, every stage of human history development will bring a negative factor for human itself。

China's reform and opening up process itself is important for China to integrate into the global economy and promote its modernization，But it also makes China inevitably face the torrent of global economic adversity。But，It is worthy of appreciation is，China is fully prepared for the new challenge。Under the guidance of Xi Jinping's economic thought，The Chinese government can always guide the development of the country with sufficient wisdom，This has successfully prevented the Chinese economy from falling into the so -called "secondary income trap"。

　　It turns out that "singing and declining theory" ridiculous

"China Social Sciences": Current，Some Western politicians have various speculations about China's economic prospects。Facing a more powerful China，Western countries seem to be more and more anxious，China's "singing and declining theory" is also constantly appearing。What do you think of this phenomenon?

Paulino:In recent years，Especially since 2023，Negative news about the Chinese economy can often be seen on Western media。Some Western reports and briefings are always happy to declare that China will usher in an economic crisis。Someone said alarmingly，China's economy is on the edge of "collapse"，The "growth source" of the Chinese economy has been exhausted，However, these views have no basis。These speculative news can be described as unbelievable。Some politicians in the West always do not conceal the "wish" of singing the Chinese economy，But，must be pointed out，These "wishes" do not reflect the real situation of the Chinese economy，The facts of China's economic use proved the absurdity of "singing and declining theory"。

Prove to the facts，The global economy has not been completely out of the new crown epidemic mud、2008 global financial crisis remains still、The World Economy has been deeply blocked by trade protectionism in developed countries in the past ten years，The Chinese economy shows full vitality and high toughness。As shown in the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics of China，Calculated at an unchanged price，2023 GDP of China increased by 5.2%over the previous year，Successfully achieved the expected goal。Data display，Even in the turbulent international macroeconomic environment，China's status as the world's second largest economy and the world economy key engine is still stable。

China's economy does face some challenges and threats，Some of which come from structural periodic problems，If the population aging、Decreased scale income、Insufficient advantage and increase in labor costs、The Real Estate Industry Change Bureau, etc.。where，The most mentioned by foreign media is the problem of the real estate industry。But，Related issues are not the result of speculative bubble rupture。In many countries，The real estate bubble is formed by the market spontaneously and is not controlled by the government，As it has occurred in Japan and the United States in the past few decades。In recent years，The Chinese government consciously adopted a series of measures，Correct some deviations that may damage the long -term development of the country's economy，The attributes and essence of returning the housing to living。Everything indicates，The real estate industry will "soft landing"，instead of the disaster collapse predicted by some people。

But，Western media always like to ignore these positive facts，investment to the so -called "problem"。Like other economies，China has been affected by the unstable global macroeconomic environment to a certain extent，Especially the influence of the long -term crisis brought by the United States and the European Union in the past ten years。But Bet365 lotto review many signs have indicated，The existence of China's economy and the Western economy is fundamentally different，The Chinese government has always been able to take necessary measures to maintain the healthy growth of the Chinese economy，Calmly deal with a series of difficulties and challenges，This is particularly worthwhile。Although Western countries such as the United States have implemented a series of technology blockade，Attempt to prevent China's economic development，but must be acknowledged，China's economy still has a strong source of power and huge growth potential，and continue to inject confidence into the global economic recovery。