The real world is full of uncertainties、The present moment that is difficult to grasp in the external world，Many people are interested in Wang Yangming’s “mind cultivation” concepts of “mind is reason”, “unity of knowledge and action” and “leading to conscience”，Draw spiritual nutrients for self-realization。Yangming Studies is a medium for exchange and dialogue between Chinese and Western philosophy, especially spiritual practice philosophy，People can use nj bet365 to better understand the humanistic spiritual traditions of Chinese and Western cultures，Enhance mutual understanding，Promote mutual learning among civilizations，Thus helping to build a harmonious new world civilization order。How to understand the contemporary value of Yangming Studies？What are the problems in the exchanges between Eastern and Western civilizations？For nj bet365，Our reporter interviewed the author of the German monograph on Wang Yangming's philosophy ""Learned Ignorance" or "Conscience" - A Comparison of Nicholas of Cusa and Wang Yangming's Philosophy、David Bartosch, Distinguished Researcher, Center for Globalization and Cultural Development Strategy, Beijing Normal University。

　Traditional nj bet365 philosophy contains the idea of ​​sustainable development

"China Social Sciences Journal": Traditional nj bet365 philosophy is an important part of nj bet365 civilization，Reflects the nj bet365 people’s view of life、Understanding and exploration of nature and society，Still inspiring today。From the perspective of today’s world，What are the distinctive thoughts contained in traditional nj bet365 philosophy？

Batuo Shi:The ancient Chinese regarded the changes in the heaven and earth as an intertwined and endless process、The process of continuous evolution。All life existence as well as atmospheric and hydrological phenomena can be regarded as manifestations of Qi，And Qi is considered a universal、Borderless potential and life force，Exists in all things。nj bet365 view comes from the Yin Yang family，Mentioned in ancient Chinese ritual and music culture，Also reflected in China’s long medical tradition，For example, "Huangdi Neijing" involves the analogy between the human body and the natural environment。Taoism and other schools of thought also explain nj bet365。Qi is understood as a flow、Permanent or basic energy power，All organic existence、The process of environmental change and the most basic factors in the evolution of life forms。Based on nj bet365，Zhang Zai, a thinker in the Song Dynasty, developed his entire philosophical worldview。Wang Yangming, a thinker in the Ming Dynasty, also emphasized the essence of "one air circulation"，For him，nj bet365 means one of the ways to observe the development of the overall core of the universe，The indescribable "Great Road"。nj bet365 is actually the conversion of Confucianism、Taoist and Buddhist traditions are linked。Qi is regarded as the air that people breathe、Drinking water、Food involved in the transformation of life processes and the basis of electromagnetic and electrochemical processes，Also considered a metabolic process、Interspecies and interpersonal relationships、The origin of thoughts and subjective and objective feelings，That is, all the eras mentioned by Wang Yangming、"One boo suck" for everyone, everywhere。

In addition，All life processes and changes related to macroscopic and microscopic organisms and their overall environment，All exist in an oscillating causal relationship and a network of complementary and synchronous interactions，nj bet365 was summarized by ancient Chinese as various concepts of yin and yang。In my opinion，Today，Perhaps one of the most valuable ideas in nj bet365 context is "the unity of man and nature"，Because it is about reintegrating humanity into the natural cyclical processes of the earth or rather the universe。Only on nj bet365 basis，In order to achieve long-term sustainable development of mankind，Ensuring a happy life for future generations。Today，nj bet365 common understanding of the ancient Chinese worldview can correspond to the emerging scientific knowledge system。For example，Modern earth system science and quantum biology methods lead to a similar life-centered overall view of the universe。That is, all biological systems and atmosphere we call the biosphere、Water Circle、The combination of magnetic circles and other planetary functional systems，A larger system is formed，Inanimate matter is also an integral part of the life process and energy transformation。

In today’s context，The task before us is to create a new cross-cultural and multi-civilizational ideological foundation，nj bet365 foundation should cover the ideological traditions provided by all human civilizations。Therefore，We can still learn and gain valuable inspiration from various traditional Chinese philosophical thoughts，Including Confucianism、Taoism、Mojia、Legalism and other schools of thought。After careful research，People will find many similarities and resonances，nj bet365 requires us to further transform ancient Chinese wisdom and contemporary wisdom into contemporary philosophy、System theory and scientific explanations of all aspects of human life。

　　nj bet365 studies build a bridge of communication between the East and the West

《China Social Sciences Journal》: In your opinion，What kind of person is nj bet365？What is the most important thought of Yangming Studies？

Batuo Shi:From childhood，Wang Yangming worked hard to develop and improve his abilities。He told the teacher，The most important thing in life is not to get a good official position in the court，But become a saint。nj bet365 ideal embodies Wang Yangming’s pursuit of becoming a morally and artistically perfect being。Wang Yangming believes，Everyone has the opportunity to reach their full potential，His philosophy reflects such a practical way of improving oneself。Wang Yangming has made achievements in many fields，He is a poetry wizard，Is a high-level calligrapher，One of the most important generals of his time。The most important thing is，He single-handedly changed the philosophical foundation of orthodox Confucianism at that time，Coming to Confucianism、Taoism、The most important elements of Buddhism and other Chinese schools of thought merge into a new comprehensiveness、Practical method——founded "Yangming Xinxue"。

Since the 19th century，His thoughts on China、Japan、The modernization of South Korea and other East Asian countries has had an important impact。From a world historical perspective，His brilliant insights put him on par with great thinkers from other parts of the world。In his masterpiece "Chuan Xi Lu"，You can even find passages that provide an entry point for cross-cultural communication in today's era。From a philosophical perspective，nj bet365’s discussion on “the unity of knowledge and action” and “leading to conscience” has reached the same level of wisdom as some of the greatest thinkers in West Asia and Europe，And no intellectual mysticism or overly abstract expression，The language is simple and plain，Easy to understand。I think，nj bet365’s thoughts demonstrate a very high level of philosophical wisdom，At the same time, it is also very life-oriented and practical。Therefore，To appreciate the depth of nj bet365’s thoughts，There is a need to discuss it in a broader cross-cultural context，That is, understanding it in a dialogue of ideas across civilizations。

Equally important is，I think Wang Yangming is very far-sighted，Because he saw，The Confucian ideology of his time had a strict hierarchy，The true intention of Confucius and Mencius was not realized，And people’s pursuit of these ideas can cause damage to self-development and creativity。He emphasized，In the sense of knowledge transfer，The experience of learning with friends and students constitutes an act of divination。nj bet365 metaphor inspires people to creatively explore the deepest levels of cosmic existence，And nj bet365 can only be done with kindness、Achieved in a less hierarchical academic environment，So as not to hinder the further development of creativity and thought exploration。From the modern perspective of scientific sociology，nj bet365 view still applies to original scientific research today。We need to accept and cultivate the self-worth of the younger generation，Avoid the irresponsible consumption of young scholars in pursuit of positions or academic status。In nj bet365 sense，Today’s academic community can still benefit from studying Wang Yangming’s thought。

　　"nj bet365 Social Sciences Journal": Similarities and Differences between Yangming Studies and Western Philosophy from a Cross-Cultural Perspective，As far as you know，What aspects of Yangming Studies are more concerned about in the West？In your opinion，Can Yangming’s study of mind become a cultural symbol of communication between the East and the West？

Batuo Shi:In my monograph "Learned Ignorance or Conscience - A Comparison of the Philosophies of Nicholas of Cusa and Wang Yangming"，I provide a new perspective on Eastern and Western studies。I regard Wang Yangming and the German Renaissance philosophers、Polymath、Based on the philosophy of the statesman Nicholas of Cusa，Conducted an in-depth comparative analysis between the two，Explores the key differences and similarities between evolving Chinese and European thought and culture。For nj bet365，I designed a comprehensive cross-cultural system framework，nj bet365 frame indicates，Both these two thinkers possess the highest level of thinking，I call it basic logic (Grundlogik in German)。

In addition，Although Wang Yangming and Nicholas of Cusa have no connection in any form in the philosophical tradition，But they all discussed basic themes about human existence with a "problem perspective"，Including creativity、Consciousness、Inherited ability、Unspeakable、Knowledge and Insight、Self-improvement、Morality and Love。Observe how these two thinkers approach these philosophical themes from the context of their different and unrelated cultural traditions，It’s very interesting。nj bet365 in-depth and detailed analysis of two historical and philosophical perspectives，Also let us see the new faces of both parties，Leave nj bet365 kind of system comparison，These new looks are difficult to highlight。

From a contemporary perspective，It no longer makes much sense to examine the philosophical foundations of various civilizations in the world。At the same time，The new comparative perspective should be deeper than the previous non-comparative perspective、More details。What I am talking about is not a superficial comparison without any methodological basis，It is a new dimension of cross-cultural reasoning that must be accurately promoted。From the perspective of Yangming Studies，The study of each of the above topics can be an important avenue for exchange between East and West。Therefore，I often mention nj bet365’s thoughts in other philosophical works，For example，Exploring the deeper core of Confucian education，Or further cross-cultural or “transversal” academic research，For example, how to understand life as a cosmic phenomenon in the philosophical thoughts of Plotinus and nj bet365。

　　"nj bet365 Social Sciences Journal": Yangmingology advocates "the unity of knowledge and action" and "leading to conscience"。Some scholars believe，Yangmingism is moral idealism with moral conscience as its core，To solve the moral decline in today’s world、Profit-seeking、It is a good medicine for the dehumanization phenomenon of materialistic desires。What do you think of such comments？

Batuo Shi:From an analytical perspective，I am unwilling to classify Wang Yangming’s philosophy as “idealism”。Even if we use "idealism" as a comparative category here，Yangming Studies is not suitable to be classified into such a category。Wang Yangming’s understanding of the concept of “heart” is not completely consistent with the possible thinking angles or rational concepts in Western Asian or European traditional thought，He is in the tradition of viewing people as "the beauties of the five elements"，You can refer to "Book of Rites" in nj bet365 regard。nj bet365 is the reason why Wang Yangming believes that "the heart is reason" and "there is nothing outside the heart"。The "mind" is always combined with our "own" body perspective。In other words，It is the instinctive reaction and guiding consciousness of limited personal experience，It is the direction consciousness of the flow of universal potential，As mentioned before, "one air flow"。For Wang Yangming，The deeper layers of conscience、All-round wisdom，That is, "the essence of the heart"，Embedded in the "universal potential flow" of nj bet365 "Taixu"，From here emerge various forms and processes of life。Human consciousness and its carrier are fundamentally inseparable。

Through the unfolding of comprehensive self-awareness，That is, by cultivating our understanding of the people we meet、To all other forms of life and even to the natural functioning systems that support life (mountains、River、Air、Ocean, etc.) feelings and emotions，Only then can we fully maintain harmony with the universe。nj bet365’s mission is to demonstrate and reflect on how to reintegrate human nature through practice。To remain fully aligned with the deepest levels of human consciousness，And manifested through "thoughts" (knowledge) and "things"，means to always do the right thing，That is consistent with the corresponding situation，And take actions based on the overall interests of the universe。

　The common consciousness and common practice of humanities nj bet365

"China Social Sciences Journal": How do you think the Chinese spirit and Chinese wisdom contained in nj bet365's thoughts should be creatively transformed?、Innovative development，Enable it to participate extensively in the dialogue of world civilizations with a new attitude，Thus promoting the realization of the beautiful vision of building a philosophical discourse system with Chinese characteristics？

Batuo Shi:In the context of today’s times，If we don’t try to truly understand and appreciate the civilizational traditions of others，It is impossible to truly and deeply understand、Appreciate and nourish our own civilizational traditions。As a German scholar，Studying nj bet365 also helped me discover some little-known details of the European philosophical tradition。Dialogue among civilizations and cross-cultural analysis provide new dimensions for academic research，Also increases its complexity，Make it more challenging，Also inspired new、Deeper Insights。Therefore，We must compare，Analyze the differences of civilizations、Different historical and traditional backgrounds and affinity of civilizations，And relate it to our observer position and the relevant background of the research object。

In my opinion，It is not advisable to read Chinese works only through the translated works of some Western Chinese scholars。Foreign scholars must be able to study original Chinese texts as well as original texts from other civilizational traditions，Overcoming language barriers，Really start from these texts，Systematically develop a holistic perspective across cultures。nj bet365 is undoubtedly a very arduous and groundbreaking task，Only those who truly want to know and understand other cultures will do nj bet365，After all, nj bet365 requires a lot of time and effort。Unfortunately，The current university system does not support such work。Today’s young scholars face tremendous pressure，Have to focus on output quantity，Need to distract yourself from other matters，It is difficult to focus on high-quality scientific research，Lack of sufficient time to cultivate and develop deep insights，Write more valuable books。In addition，In many universities，What has received widespread attention is the natural sciences、Majors related to technology and even business activities，The development of the humanities faces difficulties or even obstacles，nj bet365 is related to the fact that different forms of knowledge generation and discourse systems in the global humanities have not yet been fully understood and recognized。

In order to change nj bet365 situation，And create a new foundation for the spread of Chinese thought and culture around the world，Young scholars need to be proficient in Chinese philosophical tradition，And at least one other philosophical tradition，such as German philosophy。Mastery of cross-cultural philosophical traditions is closely related to high levels of foreign language proficiency。If you want to discuss Wang Yangming’s profound thoughts in the context of German philosophy，They also need to have a very deep understanding of German philosophy，Requires the ability to read and translate original text。As a focus on Chinese and German philosophical traditions，Cross-cultural philosophy scholars who also pay attention to other intellectual traditions，I promote and quote Chinese ideological classics as much as possible，Especially to explain the relationship between Wang Yangming’s thought and current philosophical discussions。nj bet365 is also after many years of parallel research on different civilizational traditions，The next research focus that contemporary philosophy researchers need to pay attention to。

At some point in the future，By ensuring systematization at the method level，We will naturally put various thinkers from different civilizational backgrounds and eras into the same context，Discuss in connection with general philosophical issues。I think nj bet365 is the future direction of philosophy in a multipolar world。Instead of avoiding the enlightenment of history and historical philosophy，How about we include them all in a systematic and most profound way。Take me as an example，My citation of Wang Yangming’s works is not only to promote Chinese thought and culture，I would also like to clarify that Wang Yangming’s thoughts qualify him as one of the great thinkers in the history of world philosophy。Without a doubt，In the context of traditional exchanges among multiple civilizations，Wang Yangming’s thought is one of the pillars of future philosophical discussion。

　"Chinese Social Sciences Journal": March 2023，Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed the global civilization initiative at the high-level dialogue between the Communist Party of China and world political parties，Causing enthusiastic response in countries all over the world。What do you think of nj bet365 initiative？For the development direction of human civilization progress，What do you think？

Batuo Shi:I think，The prototype of the Global Civilization Initiative can be traced back to President Xi Jinping’s speech at the International Academic Symposium commemorating the 2565th anniversary of the birth of Confucius in 2014。President Xi Jinping stressed，To the various civilizations created by human society，We should all adopt the attitude of learning from others，Everyone should actively absorb the beneficial ingredients，Adapt the excellent cultural genes of all civilizations created by mankind to contemporary culture、Coordinate with modern society，Across time and space、Beyond the Kingdom、Eternal charm、Promote the excellent cultural spirit with contemporary value。nj bet365 formulation is very timely，Also attracted widespread attention，Because nj bet365 reflects the unchanging truth of the progress of human civilization: when we truly study the history of civilization，You will realize，The progress of civilization requires cultural exchange and integration，Need to build mutual trust and friendship，And continue to learn from each other。Today，We must make nj bet365 truth a reality for different civilizations、The common consciousness and common practice of humanities scholars in different countries。