2024 is the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the People’s Republic of China and the Federal Republic of Brazil。At this special historical node，We need to review the background of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries，Reflecting on the journey that both parties have gone through together，Exploring to further deepen bilateral relations、The best way to enhance the friendship between the people of China and Pakistan。This article will explain President Xi Jinping’s important role in promoting the development of relations between the two countries，Analysis of the reasons for the convergence of strategic interests that led to the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries in 1974，And discuss the current relationship between the two countries in building a more peaceful relationship、The key meaning of a prosperous and friendly world。

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The second half of the 20th century，The world is divided into two camps，For many countries，This is an unsatisfactory geopolitical reality。Strive for a more inclusive international order to become China、The common pursuit of Brazil and all countries that want to follow the path of independent development，This convergence of strategic interests laid the foundation for the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two sides on August 15, 1974。

　1971，The People’s Republic of China has restored its lawful seat in the United Nations and its Security Council，The global geopolitical landscape has undergone major changes。Antonio Francisco Azeredo da Silveira, then Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Federal Republic of Brazil, paid close attention to this change in the international situation，Become one of the main advocates for the establishment of diplomatic relations between Brazil and China。Azeledo clearly realizes，China will show increasing influence on major global issues，Brazil also hopes to play a greater role on the international stage。Therefore，More direct relations with China、The need for more sustained communication is particularly urgent。He said in a speech in 1975: "In a world that may be jointly dominated by the United States and the Soviet Union，China’s independent stance provides opportunities for more complex diplomatic games。This position is particularly beneficial to countries like us that do not submit to any major power’s attempts to hegemony。”

The convergence of strategic interests between Brazil and China and the need for direct dialogue，Fully reflects the criticality of establishing diplomatic relations between the two countries。More importantly，The establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries will not only help enhance mutual understanding between the two peoples，Also helps to promote economic development。August 1, 1974，Two weeks before the establishment of diplomatic relations with China，Azeredo pointed out in his speech，Establishing official channels for formal direct contact with China is an important basis for promoting mutual understanding and deepening bilateral cooperation。He emphasized: “The People’s Republic of China has now been recognized by more than 100 countries in the international community。Actually，These are not the only countries that trade with China。China has a representative seat in the United Nations，Has a permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council。Therefore，China’s role on the international stage is unquestionable，And its influence will only become more noticeable。What’s more important，China has now become a key factor in the international balance of power。”Also，He thinks，China attaches great importance to trade bet365 live casino games as an important tool for national development。

In view of Brazil’s domestic political situation and international ideological struggle at the time，It is extremely important to convince all walks of life in Brazil that establishing diplomatic relations with China can bring many benefits。In this process，The role played by the Brazilian business community deserves high appreciation。For example，1971，Entrepreneur Horácio Coimbra participated in the Canton Fair in an unofficial capacity，This move contributed to the progress of subsequent bilateral negotiations。Brazilian entrepreneurs working to open new markets take crucial first step，Highlights the need for Brazil to establish formal diplomatic relations with China。

　For China，It is equally important to realize the convergence of strategic interests between China and Pakistan。This is not just about diplomatic relations，It is also related to the in-depth exchanges and mutual learning between civilizations between two important developing countries。In addition to satisfying political and economic interests，Establishing a long-term dialogue channel with Brazil is also an important step taken by China on the road of independent development。

During the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Pakistan，Chinese representative、Speech delivered by Chen Jie, then Vice Minister of Foreign Trade of China, during his visit to Brazil，Fully demonstrates China’s position。August 8, 1974，In his speech, Chen Jie emphasized the necessity of establishing diplomatic relations between China and Pakistan and the common strategic interests of both parties。He pointed out，China and Brazil are both developing countries，We are all faced with defending national sovereignty、Develop national economy、The task of building your own country，At the same time, we are also committed to opposing hegemonism and power politics。In international affairs，The two countries have many things in common，This provides broad prospects for bilateral cooperation。August 15, 1974，On the day when the two countries issued a joint communique on the establishment of diplomatic relations，Chen Jie emphasized in his speech，Both developing countries，Both sides have many reasons to be united，There is no reason to stay apart from each other，The establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries will expand the prospects for cooperation and exchanges between the two countries。

Fundamentally speaking，Both China and Brazil are convinced，Dialogue between these two important developing countries、Cooperation and joint efforts，It has strategic significance for breaking the bipolar world pattern。So，Both sides can advance their respective development plans more confidently as sovereign states，Work together to create a more peaceful world、Stable international environment。The "Joint Communique on the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between the People's Republic of China and the Federal Republic of Brazil" issued on August 15, 1974 stated the cornerstone of the development of relations between the two countries: "The two governments agreed to respect each other's sovereignty and territory whole、Mutual non-aggression、Non-interference in each other’s internal affairs、Equality and mutual benefit、Develop friendly relations between the two countries on the basis of the principle of peaceful coexistence。”

The bilateral relations between China and Brazil are based on solid principles，And develop steadily in the context of the intersection of strategic interests。50 years later，The level of China-Pakistan relations may have exceeded the imagination of the predecessors who worked hard to establish diplomatic relations between the two countries。

　　5 development stages in 50 years

Drawing reference from the stage division method in the article "Chen Duqing: "I am a witness to the 40 years of diplomatic relations between China and Brazil"" conducted by Xinhuanet in 2014 with Mr. Chen Duqing, the former Chinese Ambassador to Brazil，I think，50 years since the establishment of diplomatic relations，China-Pakistan relations have gone through 5 stages of development。

The first stage is from 1974 to 1985，This is the stage where the two countries understand each other。bet365 live casino games 1984，Deng Xiaoping met with then Brazilian President Figueiredo，Has an important influence on promoting the development of relations between the two countries。Figueiredo said: “In a sense，The goals of the Chinese people and the Brazilian people are the same: through their own efforts，Achieve new goals with the support of the international community、Higher level of economic modernization and social development。”“Today，The main problem we face is undoubtedly，How countries like Brazil and China can strengthen existing relationships。I think，The answer to this question is neither theoretical，It’s not just empty talk，But actual、Specific、Constructive。”

The second stage is from 1985 to 1993，This is a substantial period for the development of relations between the two countries。This period，The trade volume between the two countries has increased，Increasing interaction between government departments，More frequent meetings between senior leaders。1988，The then Brazilian President Sarne visited China，The two countries signed the "Protocol between the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the Federal Republic of Brazil on Approval of the Development of Earth Resources Satellites"。1993，China-Pakistan bilateral relations have reached a new height，Formally establishing strategic partnership。

The third stage is from 1993 to 2003，Relationships between the two countries developed steadily during this period。At this stage，High-level visits between China and Pakistan increased significantly，Trade exchanges increased significantly，Communications between people from all walks of life have also increased significantly。1995，The then Brazilian President Cardoso said during his state visit to China: "The purpose of my trip is very clear: I am here to learn about an ancient civilization with a brilliant history，And reiterated that Brazil regards developing relations with China as a diplomatic priority。China occupies a leading position on the contemporary world stage。This leading position is the result of the modernization drive carried out by the Chinese nation in recent decades，It inspires the amazing creativity of the Chinese people。China’s achievements left to mankind have expanded the boundaries of knowledge，Changed the course of world history。”“The concept of ‘strategic partnership’ very accurately explains the closeness of the bilateral relations between the two countries，And the sense of closeness that arises from international engagements that share broad similarities in common challenges and major issues。”“Brazil and China will fully fulfill their mission as countries with broad international influence。This is not an end in itself，Not even power politics，It is a tool to promote the development and well-being of the two peoples。"As a result of the "Protocol between the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the Federal Republic of Brazil on Approval of the Development of Earth Resources Satellites"，China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite 01 was successfully launched in 1999。This not only marks an important step taken by the two countries in the field of scientific cooperation，It also had a profound impact on enhancing mutual trust between the two parties。

The fourth stage is the rapid development stage of China-Pakistan relations。In my opinion，It is appropriate to define this stage between 2003 and 2012。At this stage，The two countries have established a number of important systems and mechanisms to promote strategic dialogue，Such as the China-Pakistan High-Level Coordination and Cooperation Committee established in 2004。It’s worth noting，In 2009, China replaced the United States as Brazil’s largest trading partner。Two important events occurred in the cultural field，Provided inspiration for the subsequent sustained and fruitful civilizational dialogue between China and Brazil，The 2003 China Qin Terracotta Warriors and Forbidden City Cultural Relics Exhibition was held in Sao Paulo, Brazil，2004 Brazil’s “Amazon—Original Tradition Exhibition” was exhibited at the Palace Museum in Beijing。Many Brazilian bet365 best casino games visitors visited the terracotta warriors and horse warriors unearthed from the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang in Shaanxi，And fine cultural relics in the Forbidden City in Beijing，formed a public phenomenon。The then Brazilian President Lula said: “Brazil’s new foreign policy has identified China as Brazil’s main partner。”“Nothing can strengthen bilateral relations more than cultural exchanges。It is through cultural exchange，The relationship between the two countries has transcended the national level，Really become a relationship between people。”2012，China-Pakistan relations have been officially upgraded to a comprehensive strategic partnership，A successful conclusion to the fourth phase，At the same time, it also opened a new chapter in the history of China-Pakistan relations。

I think，China-Pakistan relations are currently in the fifth stage。A notable feature of this stage is，The development of relations between the two countries has gone beyond the scope of traditional bilateral relations，Reflects the increasing strategic status and global influence of the two countries。In a profoundly changing international environment，China-Pakistan cooperation will become more comprehensive。At the same time，China and Brazil have increasingly deepened their dialogue in international mechanisms such as the G20 and BRICS。Especially in the economic field，The establishment of the BRICS New Development Bank is an important milestone in this period。President Xi Jinping is the main promoter of the development of China-Pakistan relations at this stage。His love for the country Brazil、His profound understanding and vision of different civilizations and his diplomatic thoughts，Further promote China-Pakistan relations to a deeper and higher level。

　　Promote new development of China-Pakistan relations

Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era has directly promoted the development of China-Pakistan relations in the fifth stage。This idea provides the fundamental basis for Chinese-style modernization，It is an action guide for the people of all ethnic groups in China to strive for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation，It is also the guiding ideology of China’s foreign work。

Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era covers Xi Jinping Thought on Economic Thought、Xi Jinping Cultural Thoughts、Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law、Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization、Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy and a series of other important thoughts。Joining the Belt and Road Initiative、Global Development Initiative、Global Security Initiative、Global programs such as the Global Civilization Initiative，They are all the concrete practical results of this ideological system。Building a community with a shared future for mankind is the core concept of Xi Jinping’s diplomatic thoughts，Focus on promoting dialogue between peoples of all countries and different civilizations。This shows，As a big developing country，China solidly promotes major country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics，Hold high to safeguard world peace、The flag of maintaining a good international environment。This is not only the modernization of developing countries、Necessary conditions to overcome major social and environmental challenges，It is also about building happiness、Mutual assistance、The only way to a friendly human society。

President Xi Jinping has a deep understanding of Brazil，Has been personally involved in promoting the development of relations between the two countries for many years，And visited Brazil many times。As early as 1996，Xi Jinping, then deputy secretary of the Fujian Provincial Party Committee, set foot in Brazil for the first time，Fly to Fortaleza，Signed a memorandum on establishing sister provinces and states between Fujian Province and Ceará。2009，As Vice Chairman of China，Xi Jinping visits Brasilia and Manaus，And met with the main leaders of Brazil，Deepen the cooperation between the two countries in the fields of energy and mining，further promotes the development of relations between the two countries。President Xi Jinping also visited Brazil twice in 2014 and 2019，Attended the 6th bet365 live casino games and 11th BRICS Leaders’ Meeting。

2014 is the 40th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Pakistan，July 16，President Xi Jinping delivered a speech entitled "Carrying forward traditional friendship and jointly writing a new chapter of cooperation" at the Brazilian Congress。President Xi Jinping pointed out: "August 15, 1974，China and Brazil formally establish diplomatic relations，Opened a new era in the development of relations between the two countries。Confucius said: ‘At forty, no doubt’。We are happy to see，China-Pakistan relations have become more stable as they enter their forties、More mature。”President Xi Jinping also quoted the words of the famous Brazilian architect Oscar Niemeyer，Expressed his wishes for world peace and justice。"Mr. Niemeyer, the designer of the Brazilian Congress Building, once said: 'If one day the world becomes more just，Life will be simpler。’” President Xi Jinping further emphasized: “All countries in the world must abide by equality and mutual trust、Tolerance and mutual learning、The principle of win-win cooperation，Let’s safeguard and promote international fairness and justice，Promote the construction of lasting peace、A harmonious world of common prosperity。”

The famous sayings of Confucius quoted by President Xi Jinping are from "The Analects of Confucius: For Politics"，The original text is: "I am very determined to learn，At thirty，Forty without confusion，Know your destiny at fifty，Sixty and ears smooth，At seventy, do what you want，Do not exceed the rules。”If you use the phrase “you know your destiny at fifty” to describe the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Pakistan，We can find out，These 50 years of exchanges not only demonstrate the bridging role of China and Brazil in promoting global development，It further demonstrates that China-Pakistan relations are promoting world peace、The key role in deepening the friendship between peoples of all countries and promoting the development of global unity。

During President Xi Jinping’s fourth visit to Brazil in 2019，China and Pakistan have not only reached important agreements in many fields，Also eliminates many of people’s worries。For example，After the results of the 2018 Brazilian general election are announced，Some people are worried about the future of relations between the two countries。At that time，I published an article titled "Prospects for China-Brazil Relations after Bolsonaro takes office" and wrote: "The stability of these relations is not based on trade balance、Temporary data on commodity sales or large-scale economic investment。”“The advantage of this relationship lies in the principles of exchanges between the two countries，Carefully built from the ground up。”“President Xi Jinping often mentioned the need for friendly and sincere dialogue between different civilizations，Respect and celebrate differences。He also advocates that China follow the dialogue、An international relations model centered on cooperation and mutual benefit。”Fortunately，This is the current mainstream model of exchanges between the two countries。

President Xi Jinping has also met with important Brazilian leaders on many occasions such as multilateral forums。April 2023，President Lula paid a state visit to China。The "Joint Statement of the People's Republic of China and the Federal Republic of Brazil on Deepening the Comprehensive Strategic Partnership" issued on April 14, 2023 reflects the breadth of the relationship between the two countries、Strategic commonalities and global importance。The statement mentioned: “Both parties believe that，The current international situation is changing，Both parties need to continue working hard，Promote peace、Development、Fair、Justice、Democracy、The common value of freedom for all mankind。”Also，“Both sides agree that the future and destiny of all countries are closely linked，Different civilizations should tolerate and coexist、Exchange and learn from each other”。

Since the establishment of diplomatic relations in 1974，The relationship between China and Brazil is developing steadily。Benefiting from the increasing bet365 Play online games maturity of relations between the two countries，Both parties can effectively resolve various unfavorable factors，Reach a consensus on strategic interests，Achieve mutual benefit and win-win results。Today’s social development requires understanding and respecting different civilizations and development models，More need to explore new roads，Peacefully resolve potential conflicts between countries，Enhancing human confidence in the future。The fruitful and harmonious relationship between China and Brazil, two developing countries, will inspire many countries to learn from it。1970s，The bipolar international pattern is like a yoke，Restricted Brazil、The development of China and other countries。Today，Opposing hegemonism and power politics is still a top priority。China and Brazil play important roles in promoting global multipolarity。The better the relationship between the two countries develops，The achievements in this direction will be more significant。

　　Towards the next 50 years

Brazil and China have never been strategic competitors。Common interests connect the two countries，The differences attract each other。China has an uninterrupted civilization history of thousands of years，has made valuable contributions to all ethnic groups in Latin America and even the world。Brazilian anthropologist and historian Darcy Ribeiro sees Brazil as “a new people composed of ancient peoples”，This description reflects the spirit in the Brazilian DNA that constantly seeks to understand and establish productive relationships with “different peoples”，is a decisive factor in the “Brazilian identity”。

Over the past 50 years，The achievements and experiences accumulated by China and Pakistan have created conditions for deepening dialogue between civilizations and strengthening the friendship between the two peoples。In Brazil，Politicians with different ideologies and social backgrounds、Business people and members of society，Both are increasingly aware of the importance of this bilateral relationship。As mentioned above，In China，Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era further expands the development prospects of bilateral relations。Economy between China and Pakistan、Education、The cultural and scientific fields have broad development potential。Strengthen cultural cooperation、Promote civilized dialogue、Promote people-to-people friendship，It has become an urgent task for both parties。China and Pakistan should build more platforms，Promote interaction and trade between small and medium-sized enterprises and manufacturers。At the same time，China and Pakistan should also expand their universities、Library、Museum、Cooperation between research centers and other institutions，To promote the spread of Chinese culture in Brazil，Enhance the Chinese people’s understanding of Brazilian culture。Both countries should also strengthen language teaching，Expanded translations of classical and modern works，Includes academic and literary works。Anyway，China and Brazil need to continuously improve and develop various mechanisms，Involve people from society and civil society, especially young people，Helping bilateral relations move forward steadily。

On the occasion of celebrating the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Brazil，President Xi Jinping and President Lula exchanged congratulatory messages，Expressed best wishes for the future development of relations between the two countries。President Xi Jinping pointed out，China is willing to work with Pakistan to take the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Pakistan as a new starting point，Continue to strengthen the docking of the development strategies of the two countries，Deepen exchanges and cooperation between the two parties in various fields，Given China-Pakistan relations a new era connotation，Work together to build a China-Pakistan community with a shared future。President Lula said，current，The two countries are in many fields、Maintain cooperation at all levels，Work together to build more prosperity、A peaceful and just world。

bet365 Play online games Looking to the future，I hope the friendship between the people of China and Pakistan will become more vivid day by day，More and more mutual benefit and win-win、More and more brilliant。Please allow me to share a story。1995，A few friends and I visited Oscar Niemeyer in Rio de Janeiro。We are like in the presence of a kind grandfather，Talk about his poetry collection、New generation communication technology、Social Struggle、Youth and friendship topics。After chatting for about an hour，I walked to the window，Looking at the beautiful Copacabana Sea for a while。Suddenly，Niemeyer walks up to me，Quietly asked: "What do you think Brazil will be like in 50 years?"？”I was shocked by this move，Did not answer immediately。At that time, my understanding of the future was still superficial，And this question broadened my horizons。I started to stop thinking and acting just for the next day，Instead, think about the problem for years or even generations and put it into practice。For the young people reading this，I want to repeat the same question: What will the world and China-Pakistan civilization dialogue look like in 50 years?？

(The author is a professor in the Portuguese Department of Zhejiang International Studies University、Director of the Brazilian Research Center；The translator is a lecturer in the Portuguese Department of Zhejiang International Studies University)