Flowing in a broad sense，Knowledge may be as ancient as humans。Knowledge is "the objective world that people get in practice、Including the sum of the knowledge and experience of human beings "。But the history of knowledge is an emerging research field，There is a clearer development context and academic tradition。Western Knowledge History Research began in 1924 "knowledge sociology" proposed by Max Scheler，Passing Karl Mannheim、The development of Peter Burke and Thomas Luckmann，Nobel maturity，This series represents German traditions that have a history of knowledge。and the French tradition is affected by Taman (Mile Durkheim) and Michel Foucault，Especially Foucault's "Intellectual Archeology" is far -reaching。British and American knowledge history traditions began in the research of natural sciences，Pocket relationship with the history of science，The paradigm theory of Thomas Kuhn has triggers a subversive ideological revolution in the field of scientific history and scientific philosophy，Change people's cognition of science and even the world。

Domestic attention and introduction to knowledge history began in the late 1980s，Zhu Xiaoyuan noticed the history and literature of modern historiography in the West、History of knowledge produced by the combination of philosophy，Also known as ideological history or history of thought，Research on the evolution of the trend of era and its impact on social structure。In recent years，History of knowledge has become a striking cutting -edge field in historical research，No longer limited to the attention of knowledge history itself，More is a colorful interdisciplinary under the field of knowledge and history、Multi -issue research。More and more scholars have theoretical consciousness and orientation of knowledge history，Apply knowledge history as a research method and path in your own research。

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As Berke's opening in "What is the History of Knowledge" stated: "Fighting the current，If ‘History of Knowledge” does not exist，So it is necessary to invent it out。""，If the history of knowledge is regarded as a emerging branch of history，It is indeed very young。Berke explained the concept bet365 best casino games of knowledge history in this book、Research scope、Existing problems and research prospects。He gave a whole set of basic concepts，Including authority、Monopoly、Curiosity、Discipline、Innovation、Intellectuals、Scholars、Interdisciplinary、Knowledge Management、Thinking method、Thinking method、The suppressed knowledge、Silent knowledge, etc.，At the same time, the process of knowledge from obtaining use is divided into collection、Analysis、Communication and application four stages。

Of course, these are very inspiring，But sometimes it makes people feel a bit unnecessary。These conceptual groups or terms are closely related to knowledge history，But Berke is not straightforward、Concisely to define the history of knowledge，Therefore, it is inevitable that some readers think that he has some "circles" in narrative。What is the history of knowledge? The ambiguity of its concept may be one of its characteristics as one of the characteristics of emerging research，It can be said that the history of knowledge has not yet formed a mature、The subject system of the system，The boundary and range of even research、Target and meaning、The path and method are not concluded，Berke also acknowledges that the history of knowledge is just a "sub -discipline"。

With more and more academic people's continuous attention and research on knowledge history，Its basic orientation and pursuit are increasingly clear。Yu Xinzhong pointed out: "The history of knowledge not only focuses on the origin of knowledge between social culture and academic thoughts、Passing mechanism，At the same time, pay attention to exploring the production process and construction of knowledge、Passing mechanism，Social situations of inspecting knowledge，and the role of thinking on social culture，And by processing the knowledge process that is accustomed to or classic today，Come and understand the possibility of thinking about these knowledge and its future development。"Focus on the history of knowledge than cultural history、History of thought、Academic History、History of Philosophy、The history of science must be broad，Extension to the formation of almost all human knowledge、Communication、Impact and Application。Plato's "three criteria" of knowledge: "Justify"、"TRUE" and "Belief"。Obviously，"Knowledge" in the History bet365 best casino games History History Far exceeds the "Three Guidelines"。It can be said，The research field of knowledge history is extremely wide，And dynamic，Pay attention to process analysis。

German scholar Simone L? 觌 SSIG defines the history of knowledge: "regarding 'knowledge' as a phenomenon of social and cultural history，It involves almost all aspects of human life，and use knowledge as a lens to review the historical development and historical materials we are familiar with from a new perspective。"" In his opinion，"Knowledge" has become a "lens"，Knowledge history is merged in history or historical research，What emphasizes the history of knowledge as a tool for historical analysis，Corresponding to the history of knowledge as a method。So，The knowledge history as a method has a prescribed characteristic，The element of becoming a definition of "what is knowledge history"。The dual aspects of knowledge history are clearly presented: the history of knowledge history itself and method of knowledge。

　　As a method of knowledge

Research under the field of knowledge history has become more common in China in recent years，Not only attracted the attention of historians，In Literature、Translation、Sociology、Geography and other fields also have many scholars based on the perspective of knowledge history.，The most important application of knowledge history is in the field of history。In addition to the well -known books and history of science，History of knowledge in the history of thought、Medical History、History of Social Culture、The field of conceptual history is quite wide。If Ge Zhaoguang writes the history of the ancient Buddha thought history from the perspective of the history of knowledge and the history of the knowledge of western heavenly learning to enter China、Yu Xinzhong proposed the "internal history" and "outer history" of the history of knowledge of knowledge to integrate medical history、Zhong Weimin evaluated the "Western School East" at the time of the Ming and Qing Dynasties，All are conscious and clearly proposed the research path and academic orientation of knowledge history。Sang Bing with science、Art、Local、Ethnic minorities、Disciplinary construction, as an example to trace the knowledge and institutional transformation of modern China，Although he did not explicitly propose bet365 Play online games a declaration and method of knowledge history，In fact, it is a scholar who carried out the conceptual history and institutional history research earlier in China。

Except the above field，The knowledge history of methods in recent years has a trend of combining with other emerging historical trends，such as global history、History of Gender。"Global History of Knowledge" Pay attention to how local knowledge crosses the boundary of nature and civilization and transforms into global knowledge，In the production of knowledge、Communication、conversion、Application，The most concerned about global history is the intermediate link，That is "the circulation of knowledge"。In the study of gender history，Some scholars start to pay attention to different intergenerations、Researchers in the discipline's own problem consciousness and way of thinking，and try to establish a knowledge spectrum system，Researcher's own knowledge background，To promote the research of gender history。It can be said，Knowledge History itself is an emerging research field，As a method of knowledge history with other emerging historical trends、collision，Not only does it provide a lot of possibilities for the booming development of the knowledge history itself，At the same time, it has also promoted the development of other emerging historical schools，It may even give birth to new research areas and hotspots。

Another worth mentioning is，Application bet365 best casino games of knowledge history in Dunhuang Studies。Recently, some scholars have made attempts，Try to break the traditional literature method to compile the Dunhuang classmates、The path of finishing，Borrowing knowledge History and perspective analysis analysis of the content of all levels of knowledge contained in Dunhuang books、Cumulative、Selection and selection、Description and description，Pay attention to the vertical growth of knowledge。Actually，Expand，You can look forward to the history of knowledge in Jian Xue、Application in inscriptions，The advancement of these fields is for history、Archeology and even historical theory development is of great significance。

　　History of knowledge and thought

Knowledge history and history of thought are closely related，There is something different。Take the history of thought as an example，Discussing the knowledge history of the method may be a feasible choice。What can the history of knowledge bet365 Play online games can contribute to the history of thought? What nourish can I get from the history of thought?。In the article "Another Form of Thought"，He noticed the "curtain" between knowledge and thoughts，That is the boundary，and criticized the "arrogance" of thoughts，Intentionally or unintentionally covering your knowledge background，Division of the history of ideology and knowledge of knowledge。His self -described thinking on thought and knowledge has been inspired by archeological discovery in recent years，Among them, there are quite large number of digital technical information，And these are not in the research perspective of the history of thought。In the article "Writing Two of the History of Knowledge and Thoughts -Writing of the History of Thought"，He wrote: "It is the background of this kind of knowledge，The strange wind and clouds that support the history of thought，Make all kinds of strange in the history of thought、The weird thought has a understandable background and soil，Thought from the support of the knowledge system，Will lose the context。"This is said to be the background of the history of knowledge，Provide it with a historical context。other，He explicitly mentioned that he puts knowledge at the "origin of the history of thought" to investigate。This is about the early thoughts of ideas from knowledge，The history of knowledge can contribute to the "sources of the test mirror" in the history of thought。These two points answered what the history of knowledge has contributed to the history of thought。

Ge Zhaoguang pays more attention to the contribution of knowledge history to the history of thought，Knowledge History is presented as a method for the research of ideological history。Except these two points he mentioned，You can also add a little bit，That is the history of knowledge history of the history of thought。Most of the history of thought is classic、"Peak" in ideological and cultural，Knowledge History Vision made the bottom of the history of the history of thought、edge、Abandoned、Darded、All kinds of knowledge suppressed can be reappeared。

What can knowledge history get from the history of thought? The author believes that it may be possible to consider from the following points。First，History of knowledge and thought can be the background，The history of thought can also provide ideological background for the history bet365 Play online games of knowledge。2，Thought as a special knowledge，From the generation of thought、Streaming changes to see the generation of general knowledge、Communication mechanism。third，The history of thought not only has the pursuit of truth，There are also desire to establish value，At present, the history of knowledge seems to be suspended on the value of value，But the value problem is a problem that cannot be avoided or avoided in the knowledge system。

　Possible prospects and limitations

Research on Knowledge History is in the ascendant。Far regardless of it，At least in the foreseeable future，Its development prospects are worth looking forward to。Knowledge History has its unique and charming place and advantage。First，Knowledge symbolizes wisdom，Human pursuit of knowledge is as natural but ancient as the pursuit of beauty。From "knowledge theory" to "knowledge sociology" to "knowledge history"，The exploration of "knowledge" has gone through the development trajectory from philosophy to sociology to history，Science、Technology、Belief is also the research category of knowledge history。It can be said，History of knowledge omnislica，Fusion spirit and material，Person in humanities、Social Science、Natural Science and Religion。So，As a method of knowledge，The field of possible extension is vast and boundless。

Next，Research on Knowledge History "Can be large or small", "long or short", "can be slightly"。This is the magical and charming characteristic of knowledge history。Pan Sheng once had a rather visible judgment，"Start from the history of knowledge，Re -examine social changes (including social forms)，will be a field worth looking forward to "。History of knowledge can be used in macro historical research in long -term periods (such as focusing on the history of civilization and transformation).，Disadvantages of Break the fragmentation of historical research。At the same time，Knowledge History is also handy in the field of micro history research，It can cut into the dark and deep part of history from the specific place，Touch personal mind or collective subconscious，Carlo Ginzburg has already showed us this possibility with his "Cheese and Maggie"。

but，It must be seen that there is a significant limit for the history of knowledge。At present, domestic knowledge history bet365 live casino games research shows dual paradox。The first is the "cold", "weak" and the "hot" and "prosperity" of the knowledge history of knowledge history itself.。The attention and research of the knowledge history itself in the domestic academic community，Compared with the popularity of knowledge history as the research path, it is relatively weak。Second, the "specialization" of knowledge history and "Guangbo" as a method of knowledge history。Knowledge History as a historic branch，Like any subject，It must have its own boundary、category、Methods and paradigms，The professional is professional、Deep; the history of knowledge as a method and perspective can be "everywhere" and "omnipotent"，Both "wide" and "Bo"。In other words，As the history of knowledge and method of knowledge as a subject，The two have tension in nature and requirements。The duality of the history of knowledge is not only its charming feature，It may also be the bottleneck of its development。

　　(Author is assistant researcher at the Institute of History Theoretical Institute of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)