Izumi Omura, Emeritus Professor, Tohoku University, Japan，Member bet365 bonus code pa Editorial Board of MES (International Marx and Engels Foundation)，Mainly engaged in research and editing of Marx and Engels and political economy、Research on the history of political economy and other directions。

The basic feature of bet365 bonus code pa at the beginning of its formation is what Engels called “the law of development of human history”，It is also what Marx called the “guiding line” of his own research？

As everyone knows，bet365 bonus code pa is the historical view shared by Marx and Engels，But the name "bet365 bonus code pa"，Marx probably never used it in his life。This name first appeared in Engels's review of "Critique of Political Economy" published in 1859，It is a word coined by Engels，Marx himself had no objection to this，Engels’s understanding and summary of the content of “Critique of Political Economy”，Marx also had no objection。However，I think they still have differences in how they view the theoretical characteristics of bet365 bonus code pa。

At Marx’s funeral in 1883，Engels first compared bet365 bonus code pa with Darwin’s theory of evolution，Point out that bet365 bonus code pa is "the law of development of human history"。According to Marx，After his unremitting search，Finally realized it in the mid-1840s，Formed bet365 bonus code pa。From now on，bet365 bonus code pa became the "guiding line" of his own research。

When did Marx explore and form bet365 bonus code pa？Usually said to be the time when "The German Ideology" was written。Previously，The most important one is Chapter 1 "Feuerbach"。The latest historical textual research edition of "The Complete Works of Marx and Engels" proposes，What needs attention is the criticism of Stirner in the draft of Chapter 3。This is because，When the structure of the book "German Ideology" was finally determined to consist of three chapters，It was in the process of writing the criticism of Stirner，There was no separate draft of "Feuerbach" before this。I think，This view is wrong。

The core of bet365 bonus code pa includes three points: The first is the economic base-superstructure theory，The sum of production relations is the realistic basis of society，On top of this，It is the political and spiritual superstructure。The second and third cores of bet365 bonus code pa are class struggle and social revolution theory respectively，Except original state，All history is "the history of class struggle"，What fundamentally defines class antagonism is the contradiction between the development of productive forces and production relations in each era，This is the class-class struggle theory。Class struggle between labor and capital in capitalist society，Not finally a political revolution，It ends with a social revolution that ends exploitative relations until the state disappears，This is the "Social Revolution Theory"。The second of bet365 bonus code pa、The third core can be said to define the historical mission of the working class。"The German Ideology" Chapter 1, pages 22-24 (the page numbers written by Marx for the manuscript of Chapter 1) are all described。These contents predate the criticism of Stirner。It can be said from this，The formation of bet365 bonus code pa preceded the criticism of Stirner。

Next，Let’s look at the middle of Chapter 1，This is an excerpt from a critique of Stirner - pages 30-35，Discussed the class characteristics of ideology。This section begins with: "The ideas of the ruling class are the dominant ideas in every age"。This is because "the dominant ideas are nothing but the conceptual expression of the dominant material relations"。Analysis of the dominant position of thought，It is not the merits of the relationship between the ideas themselves，But it is explained from the dominant position of the ideological leader in the material aspect。This has also become the starting point for elaborating the economic foundation-superstructure theory of bet365 bonus code pa。

The following part is discussed，“The existence of revolutionary ideas in a certain era，It is premised on the existence of a revolutionary class”。(On the manuscript) This is marked with a symbol "P" to indicate the reference content。Although no page number is indicated，But it is generally believed，is page 22-24。This is a text that can show the formation of bet365 bonus code pa。So，The existence of communist ideology is based on the revolutionary class、Presupposed by the existence of the bourgeoisie。I think，The interrelationship between the discussions in the first half of Chapter 1 shows，The ideology theory in the middle part of Chapter 1 is not a new argument that appears out of thin air，But as the text says，It is an expansion and supplement of the discussion content in the first half of Chapter 1 guided by bet365 bonus code pa。

In the terms used by Marx at the time，“Form of communication” is equal to “the sum of production relations”。This argument，That is, "The root of all conflicts in history is productivity and forms of interaction、Contradictions between production relations”。This reference appears here for the first time，It can be said，A specific investigation of economic history based on the original analytical framework of bet365 bonus code pa，This in turn brings improvements to the pointer itself。I think，Because of this，Marx will only be able to complete the book "The German Ideology" when the structure is finally determined to consist of 3 chapters，Moved this part related to the criticism of Feuerbach to Chapter 1 on bet365 bonus code pa。

Now the above content is briefly summarized as follows: Engels introduced bet365 bonus code pa and surplus value theory as Marx’s “two major discoveries”。Because of the term "two major discoveries"，Also described in "Anti-Dühring" (1878)，It can be inferred that Marx had no objection to this。But，(Marx himself) The view that bet365 bonus code pa is regarded as the "law of development of human history" in parallel with Darwin's theory of evolution is questionable，It is not appropriate to understand the bet365 bonus code pa at the beginning of its formation based on this point of view。Why do you say that？In "The German Ideology" Chapter 1 Pages 22-24，The theoretical framework of bet365 bonus code pa appears in text form for the first time，This part organizes his (Marx) (fragmentary) view of history。

These bet365 bonus code pa views are developed after the criticism of Feuerbach starting on page 8 of Chapter 1 of "The German Ideology"。The content after page 30 is guided by this theoretical framework，Examined the class characteristics of ideology，Also division of labor、A specific bet365 bonus code pa investigation has been carried out on large-scale industry and other issues，In order to expand and improve the content of the first half of Chapter 1，And improve and supplement the theoretical framework itself。At this time，The theory of surplus value in the “two major discoveries” mentioned by Engels has not yet been formed，The architectural structure of "Das Kapital" has not yet entered the scope of (Marx's) vision。

　The bet365 bonus code pa born in 1845 was at the time of its birth，It has become the “law of evolution in human history”，This statement is very reluctant。I think，The basic characteristics of bet365 bonus code pa at the beginning of its formation，In the final analysis, it should be Marx’s “guiding line” when conducting research on social and economic history，The hypothesis proposed for the analysis。On the subsequent development and changes of the characteristics of bet365 bonus code pa，I think，Should be further discussed，For example，Issues such as whether Engels’s understanding of “the law of development of human history” is reasonable are worthy of in-depth discussion。