Online literature is a reader -centric literary style，Popularization、Civilian、commercial characteristics，Have a large amount of reading group。China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC) The 49th "Statistics Report of the Development of the Internet of Internet Network" released by China，As of December 2021，my country's Internet literature users are as high as 502 million，increased by 41.45 million from December 2020。Face such a huge reading group，Not only do online writers need to consider the reader's reading needs，When we are engaged in online literature research。Accepting Aesthetics (also known as "Reader Reaction Criticism" theory in the United States) is a researcher's acceptance、Classic theoretical school of aesthetic experience，In the existing theoretical achievements, it is the most closest to our research literary acceptance activities，It should be the theoretical resources that should be considered the first consideration。

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Accepting aesthetics is in philosophical interpretation、Phenomenology and other thoughts、The generated under the influence of theoretical resources，Representative theorists are Yao Si and Isey, the theorist of the Constantist school in Germany，and Stanley Fish in the United States。This academic genre will focus on literary research from writer、Works to readers and their reading activities，Created a new pattern of literary research、New ideas，Proposed the original concept category of original concepts such as "looking forward to vision", "summoning structure" and "hidden readers"。After being transmitted to China in the 1980s, it accepted aesthetics，In -depth integration into the construction of Chinese literary theory，and become an important part of literary theory textbooks。

but，Looking back and Bet365 app download summing up online literature for more than 20 years of research，We found that the academic community rarely uses the aesthetic theory to explain、Appreciation、Research results of online literature。This has to make us think: accepting aesthetics is not valued by online literature researchers，Is it because of the subjective neglect of researchers? Still facing the new form of literature and art in the era of digital media，There is something that is difficult to "match" between accepting aesthetics and research objects，Therefore, we can't afford the heavy responsibility of research? The applicable object of a theoretical paradigm is limited，There are multiple reasons for a theory from the rise to failure。Reasons for the reason，Online literature native comments are a very important factor in accepting aesthetic interpretation of failure，That is, the native comments of online literature put forward a challenge for accepting aesthetics。

Online literature native reviews have also been called "grassroots criticism", "online criticism", "fan criticism" or "reader criticism"，"Online Literature Native Review" can better reflect its media attributes。According to the objective dependence of comments and online literature，is whether the comment and text are in the same platform space，Online literature native comments can be roughly divided into the following three types: readers' words that are independent of the text outside the text，Commentation of comments accompanied by the content and text，and the derivative comment that changes the discourse after the text of the text。Online literature native comments were born in Siber space，The virtuality of the network space determines the non -reality side of the comment behavior，Most commentators are involved in the comment scene with anonymous identity，Get rid of the class、Career、Gender、Acts such as age。It is based on this，Online literature native comments are decentralized，It is not pursuing authority and consensus like traditional literary criticism。At the same time，Online literature native reviews are an experiential comment，Some Bet365 lotto review scholars call it "Shen Yun -style criticism" and "New folk criticism"，It is the return of Chinese traditional "impression" to a certain extent。Online literature native comments also have interactive characteristics，Breaking the relatively closed space of traditional criticism，Comment subject is easy to post on Baidu、Original reading website、Douban Group and other interesting communities to form a comment community。

　　Accept the challenge facing aesthetics

The challenge of native comments of online literature on accepting aesthetics is multi -faceted。First，At the text level as an object of acceptance，Accepting aesthetic theory believes that literary products have structural "blank" and "uncertainty"，This "blank" and "uncertainty" exist in the plot structure、Character character、Life scene、Dialogue and details at all levels。but，Online literature native comments made a lot of fill in this "blank" and "vacancy"、specificization。On the Internet original novel website，Online literature native comments with paragraphs、Interpretation of text in the form of book reviews、Explanation，Even some punctuation symbols in the original text、Follow the reader’s message。At the same time，In addition to text expression，Online literature native comments and sounds、Comics、Video and other expression forms，and subscription、Reward、Recommended ticket、monthly ticket、Character red envelope、Sending flowers、Various virtualized evaluation methods such as more heart and like。For this "explicit" language diagram、Sound image，Accepting aesthetics is obviously not unavailable。

Next，At the level of understanding of readers，Online literature native comments also challenged the aesthetics。Yao Si proposed the concept of "looking forward to vision"，I believe that the reader is before reading the text，Will according to the existing reading experience、The narrative mode of the work and the familiarity of the writer's creative skills，Form psychological "previous see"。Irier proposed the concept of "hidden readers"，It is believed that readers who may meet bet365 live casino games the direction of the text structure of the text。Feish proposed the concept of "knowledgeable readers"，Think that readers are absolutely subjective、Idealized thinking products。Generally speaking，It is not comprehensive enough to accept the aesthetic understanding of the identity of the reader，Although it recognizes the creativity of the reader，But this creativity often flows in the imagination。In fact，Readers in the digital media era are not unidirectional recipients，Their identity becomes very complicated: "Readers" who read and evaluate，"Production and Consumers" who are both produced and consumed，"Passingman" that is both disseminated and accepted。When we use the "reader" with multiple identities with the aesthetic theory,，I can also feel the "outdated" of theory。

again，Strong interaction in the face of native comments of online literature，Accepting aesthetics of the understanding of the main relationship of literature and the object of literature also shows deficiencies。Accept aesthetic opposition formalism、Text Centralism，Focus on the relationship between readers and texts，I believe that the reader dialog with the text through "Viewpoint"。This point of view makes sense，But today in the digital media era，The relationship between the reader and the text is obviously one -sided。In the main and objective relationship of the native comments of online literature，Author and reader、Readers and readers are in the process of communicating dialogue at the same time。On the one hand，Author and readers can cross the intermediary of the text directly，Even before the "formal" creation occurred，This communication has already begun。On the other hand，The communication between readers and readers has become a big point of view of online literature，Even many readers claim that "I just look at the comments"。

Last，Methods accepted in literature、Effect level，The emergence of native comments of online literature has also greatly expanded the research field of aesthetics。Yao Si believes that the traditional literary history writing method Bet365 lotto review removes the role of readers，Therefore, I proposed the history of acceptance、The concept of the history of effect，Study literature from the perspective of accepting history is also the one with the most theory today。The so -called effect of accepting aesthetics is durability，Emphasize the reading participation of generations of readers for generations，But the native comments of online literature reflect the common sense、Instantly，Its acceptance effect is accompanied by the entire process of online literary creation。At the same time，Based on individual reading psychology accepting aesthetics，The so -called accepting more concentrated on the personal aesthetic level，Eliteist tendency。Online literature native comments are closely related to group sociology，Reflecting entertainment、Gaming、Daily life tendency。

　　New Construction of theoretical discourse

Online literature native comments How can we challenge the aesthetics? The root cause is media change。Accepting aesthetics is the theoretical results of the era of printing media，Online literature native reviews are the products of the digital media era。Online literature native reviews are not literary，There is also a network that rely on technology。On the one hand，From web1.0 to web2.0，Online literature has experienced the spread from one -way to user production、The evolution of the interaction of the main and guests。On the other hand，From the computer client to the mobile phone，Finger touch replaced the keyboard input，"Readers are more and more convenient"。As the researchers pointed out，Literature in the Digital Age accepts from traditional meditation、Shocking went to integration，Acceptable subject can mobilize visual、Listening、touch、taste、Sensory, etc. All sensory participation in reading。

Media changes triggered literary acceptance、Critical Formula Transformation，This is another important reason why the native comments of online literature put forward in accepting aesthetics。The so -called paradigm，The concept proposed when studying the history of science with Kuyn，Refers bet365 Play online games to those recognized theoretical results，Can provide typical questions and answers to the practical community for a period of time。Theoretical paradigm of accepting aesthetics as the era of printing literature，The "Legislator" of theory is the academic intellectual molecule，and the native comment of online literature is the "legislative" of the reader's public for themselves，In their opinion，The boundary between acceptance and criticism almost no longer exist。other，The objects of literary acceptance and criticism have also changed，The recipient faces more than the text，but "Network Text+Native Comments on Online Literature"。Solve new problems with the old paradigm，Naturally "not accepting soil and water"。

It is undeniable，Accepting aesthetics still has its interpretation effect in the digital age，Online literature native comments are also sediment、Good and bad，Still in the "former theory" stage。but，We should see the constructive value from the native comments of online literature，To observe the lack of Western literary theory when facing new local literary experience。Like "Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Literary and Art Review Work in the New Era" emphasized: Criticism，Construction of literary theory and review discipline system with Chinese characteristics、academic system and discourse system。Online literature native comments while putting forward theoretical challenges to accept aesthetics，It has also given us a new theoretical construction revelation: take the opportunity of media change，Literature and Art Theory and criticism should start from the practice of artistic creation in the times，Pay attention to the huge number of online literature native comments，Take its essence，Go to its dross，The theoretical construction of the bottom -top，Constructing a new theoretical discourse and evaluation system。

(This article is the "Research on the Construction of China Network Literature Evaluation System" (18zda283) phased achievement of the major project of the National Social Science Foundation)

(Author Unit: School bet365 best casino games of Literature, Anhui University)