Scholars studying urban literature generally believe，In the city writing of Chinese literature in the 20th century，Beijing's image has a relatively unified beauty。Scholar Zhao Yuan talked in the book "Beijing: City and People": "From modern to contemporary，Literature About Shanghai，Always discovering。Literature About Beijing，However, it is easy to maintain aesthetics due to the unity and the generation of the model，Forms a unified beauty between each other。"This beauty often refers to Beijing although Beijing belongs to the city，And is a big city，However, in time, it often faces traditional history，Local memory in cultural experience。In the emotional experience of Chinese literature，"Beijing" often presents calmness as the "ancient capital"、Elegant classical aesthetic features。

Urban image like Beijing is obviously unique in the image of modern world literature。Benjamin uses modern metropolis as a manifestation of modernity and magic and mythical regeneration。In modern European literature，"City" instead of "distant" and "island" became the destination of a stray adventure story，It is the opposite of romantic and classical rural life。Chinese Modern Literature Division French European Modern Literature，Share modern and traditional in time in modern narrative、The dual structure of the city and the countryside in the space，Created a series of hustle and bustle、prosperous、Variable city image，and quiet and simple、The stagnant traditional village reflects each other，jointly constructed China ’s space experience from tradition to modern changes in the 20th century。In such a common narrative，bet365 best casino games Beijing as a city in the process of modern history，But it has become a traditional Chinese cultural label，This is indeed a special feature of modern history and literature in China。The question lies in，This distinctive particularity is continuously requisitioned in a hundred years of time、At the same time of being classic，It is also inevitable that it is carved、Label fate。

Although from the historical facts，During a hundred years，Beijing except as an "ancient capital"，It is also the birthplace and center of the New Culture Movement; it has also competed at warlords、The disaster occupied by Japan is full of sores; when the founding of New China was established as the capital，After experiencing politics、Economy、Society、A series of modern changes in culture; even more than 40 years since the reform and opening up，As the leading large -scale city in China，How many new changes have it experienced、How many new problems are facing。But in Chinese literature in the 20th century，"Ancient Capital" is almost a unified aesthetic label in Beijing。

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In the first half of the 20th century，Modern Chinese writers face the prosperity、Reality of the frequent wars，Feeling Western learning、Traditional cultural dilemma，In the loneliness of life and the loneliness of the exotic country where the flowers and the guest lives,，They frequently look back、Dream of the soul，Created a soothing soul、"Ancient Capital" Beijing。Far pigeon whistle under the deep sky、Slow and finely crushed camel bells on the street、Millennium memory of the ancient temple of red walls and the fireworks of the old Beijing citizens with thin and gentle old Beijing citizens ... These are all bad hometown in Beijing literati Lao She's "Thinking of Beiping"，It is also the poeticness in Zhejiang bet365 live casino games genius Yu Dafu's "The Autumn of the Once the City"、The old capital of the years。More interesting is，Although Yu Dafu's own real hometown is the beautiful landscape Jiangnan，But he calls Beijing "the old capital"，Let Beijing instead of Jiangnan to carry his nostalgia and longing for his hometown。Another like Zhang Henshui，Even if I live in Beijing, I don't live so well，When he recalled Beijing with friends after he left Beijing，Think of the Camel Bell "Wooden Dumb Voice"，I also think it is paradise。Lao She wrote in the 1940s, "Four of the same hall", describing Beijing the most unbearable in the 20th century、The most embarrassing history。But the interesting thing is，Beijing in Lao She wrote，The beauty of the ancient capital of the thousands of years and the inheritance of thousands of years of human affairs and etiquette, which is manifested by the "wanting Beiping" in the same vein。Although the author's aesthetic characteristics of this kind of aesthetic characteristics have been transformed from the previous simple nostalgia to a criticism in appreciation、There is a pity in the nostalgia，But what changed is the author’s judgment，but not Beijing's aesthetic features。and，Appreciation in this critical、Passion in the pity，It contains the depths of the author's text，Make Lao She's reflection on traditional culture has gained the same period、Uniqueness of the same subject work: The new history does not destroy the ancient capital of the silent millennium，Instead, it is a new force that gives them to resist aggression，urged him to get a new life。

This Beijing becomes a 20th century urban and rural differentiation、A unique "city" in the great history of social changes，Use its calmness、Elegant、Warm and silently resist the first fleeting bet365 Play online games of modern time、The hustle and bustle of cultural transformation、Cold and ruthlessness of social changes。Passing of time，Fighting Star Transfer，These writing is precipitated in the century years、fermentation。The complex heart song of intellectuals when writing Beijing slowly fade，The image printed in these texts in these texts has become a classic and even unified aesthetic memory，Stretching in the writing and description of Beijing for several generations of writers。Until the establishment of New China，Shanghai quickly integrates the new theme of socialist transformation in texts like "Shanghai Morning"，Beijing, which entered the New China, only launched a story of a people's government transforming the environment in Lao She's "Dragon Sutra"，The active and gentle Beijing citizen is still active in the story。After the 1980s，A huge transformation in society and literature，The vicissitudes of the vicissitudes of Beijing also entered the writer's pen。Liu Xinwu's "Bell and Drum Tower" and Deng Youmei's "Tobacco" are still selected as typical images of ancient capital Beijing: ancient architecture and traditional folk customs; the story of the millennium ancient capital，Centennial Float，Personnel metabolism，and the Bell Drum Tower is still quiet、Winning time and wind and rain warmly，The elegant elegance contained in the carved cigarette pot、The exquisite culture is still engraved in the depths of the soul of the human。Therefore，Liu Shaotang will discuss "Jingwei Novels" and "Rural Literature"，Although this concept is not rigorous，and quite controversial，But it does say at some essential level that the 20th century Chinese literature in Beijing was written in Beijing.。

　　Literary History of Literature to strengthen and solidify the image of Beijing "ancient capital"

The image of the "ancient capital" that is deeply rooted in Beijing is not only reflected in the writing of literary works，It is also reflected in the interpretation of literary history。From aesthetic characteristics，Ancient capital Beijing is not a "city" in modern history，But from the inherent logic of the history of literature，It is a ghost summoned by modern cities、Revised reflection。That is to say，Its aesthetic characteristics are classical、Cultural attributes are traditional，But the classical and traditional writing of its classical and traditional existence in the magic realm of modern history and modern metropolis: there is no root in modern cities，Only the ancient capital of Beijing is stable; there is the hustle and bustle of modern cities，Only the quiet capital of Beijing; the impetuousness of the modern city，Only the elegance of the ancient capital Beijing。

Therefore，Literature History when constructing literature and modern history，More inclined to pay attention to the model and pure ancient capital Beijing，To a certain extent, some more complicated writing directions in Beijing。For example，Even if you love and love Beijing，Beijing in Lao She wrote，It will also be due to the observance of the old、Daily daily area area，Still devouring the dark space of the worker Camel Xiangzi，Also hidden with stinky ditch，Growing rogue and traitors。Late 20th Century，Writer Wang Shuo wrote the image outside of Beijing outside the "ancient capital"。He contracted Beijing to the army's courtyard，I wrote a group of children of the courtyard without ancient capitals，"Beijing" is just a political center and a Beijing film in the political center and language in their identity。In recent years，bet365 best casino games "Beijing" is also Shi Yifeng's pen, Chen Jinfang, Chen Jinfang and Wen Zhen's specific and sensational Anxiang Road。These are all for simplicity、Breakthrough and enrichment of Beijing image only used as a modern and historical Chinese -Chinese label。But perhaps because of the description of the existing literary history，Beijing's aesthetic image as an "ancient capital" is too deeply rooted in people，Although these writing is not little known in their respective acceptance dimensions，But rarely entered the overall interpretation of the "Beijing" literary image。

If these more complicated orientations in the history of literature often purify the circular time，Blogen the interaction between literature and history more dimensions，So whether it is today’s Beijing，Still today's literature，You should all find and show richer possibilities。Today's Beijing is a super city that accommodates 30 million people。It has a business center that is homogeneous with the world's metropolis、Cultural venue，Also retaining an alley with countless traditional time、Ancient buildings; it gathers knowledge elites from all over the country，It also accommodates countless ordinary workers who run around for survival。Beijing today，No camel bell，But I still can hear pigeon whistle and Beijing film，But they are mixed with diverse dialects、Mandarin、Language in various countries and regions in the world。Beijing's daily life today，Morning bean juice is still available，But they are squeezed in KFC、Starbucks。Today from Beijing to Mid -Autumn Festival, Rabbit still has to sell，But it is with Lego、The robot is placed on the same counter。It is still the ancient capital Beijing，but it is today、Living ancient capital Beijing，Ancient bet365 Play online games capital Beijing with countless space dimensions and cultural levels，It is 30 million people who live in Sriors、joy in Si、Beijing's ancient capital Beijing。"Ancient Capital" should not become a huge cultural museum to be sealed，should carry today's temperature and flesh，From literature to the new narrative of the present and the future,。

　(The author is a professor at the Institute of Marxist Literature and Art Theory of the Chinese Academy of Arts)