Liangzhu Culture is the Neolithic Archeology Culture in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River，Mainly distributed in Taihu Basin，The southern end to Qiantang River，north to Changzhou, Jiangsu; 5300-4000 years away from now。Following Songze Culture，Liangzhu Culture has become the most magnificent cultural form in the middle and late stages of Neolithic，The exquisite black pottery and jade is its outstanding representative，Especially jade。Its rich instrument shape、Numerous quantity、Advanced process、Exquisite ornaments、Complex features，It is unique to the world at the same time，Its outstanding position in Chinese jade culture traditions is self -evident，The formation of the formation of ancient Chinese ritual system and the irreplaceable civilization of more than 5,000 years。

From the perspective of the unearthed tomb，Liangzhu Cultural Jade Books are strictly divided in accordance with the level，The theme decoration of a large area is an idol and spiritual belonging for religious worship of Liangzhu people，It shows the establishment of China's ritual system and the unity of monarchy，Liangzhu society has stepped into the civilization period from the barbaric history。Interpretation of cultural relics symbols to study human life at that time、Production status and politics、Economy、Cultural development has important value and significance，This understanding provides research ideas for exploring Liangzhu Cultural Jade Ware。

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Theme pattern presents connotation beauty、Simple beauty。Liangzhu cultural jade pattern types mainly include gods and beast faces、Beast Face Pattern、God Pattern、Dragon head pattern、Bird pattern、vortex ribs、Turtle pattern, etc.。These decorations have a difference between morning and evening、Main and secondary divisions，and its carrier、Carving method、Connotation and meaning are different。Liangzhu Culture Jade Theme Pattern is to use the carved yin line to make the animal face、The expression of God and human face、Simple momentum、Bet365 lotto review Precious painting，Make the theme pattern full of creativity and internal spirit。The evolution of the theme decoration has evolved into early vivid，Mid -term binding，Late Simple。The new form of its new generation is always derived from the previous form，It is the process of development from realistic to abstract。It reflects that Liangzhu's ancestors have strong imagination and expression，Based on the charm of grasping theme pattern，Make the image image more concentrated、More condensed、Simple。

Art form shows symmetric beauty、Suitable for beauty。Symmetry is one of the laws of form aesthetics，It can be stable、regular、Densitive、Coordinated visual aesthetics。Symmetric beauty is the traditional aesthetic foundation in my country，Its source is long，From the existing Yuyu、Jade、Jade comb, back and other utensils，Its shape is dignified and symmetrical。From the perspective of the decoration structure，There are two symmetrical forms: left and right symmetry and radiation symmetry。The symmetry left and right is a symmetrical axis in the middle axis，Configure the same image left and right。Make a certain processing change through the pattern pattern，Arrange within a certain outline，This decoration design method is called suitable pattern。Ancient decorative patterns mostly use this decoration form，Liangzhu Culture Jade is no exception。In Jade、Jade Brand、Jade comb and other semicircular or rectangular jade，You can see the emblem engraved by God、Beast Face Pattern、Dragon head pattern、Bird pattern、Vortex and other suitable patterns，These basic patterns will change the combination and arrangement with different shapes of the utensils。

Performance technique presents the beauty of crafts、Line beauty。Liangzhu Cultural Jade Making uses multiple complex processes and superb techniques，It not only has cut、Cut、Dig、Shake、Division、Diamond、Decoration、Shake、Carving、Carving and polishing technology，It also invented the appliance with simple mechanical principles。Liangzhu Cultural Jade Pattern Methods roughly three: Yin Carving、Belly relief、Through Carving。Among them, Yin is the most basic method of Liangzhu Cultural Jade Pattern Craft。Liangzhu Cultural bet365 live casino games Jade Pattern is mainly based on the use of lines，The combination of lines is used to shape the image，Create beauty with changes in lines。The line type has straight line、curve、Folding line、arc, etc.，Through different line types of dense、length、thickness and other changes，It constitutes a smooth stretch、Fine and uniform cloth、Various images with decorative。These smooth lines have their respective expression and emotional meaning，Condensing the keen feeling and delicate emotions of Liangzhu ancestors。

　Liangzhu Cultural Jade Function Interpretation

Sacrifice Rites。When material and spirit become a common demand，The cultural significance of the creation shows a strong promotion effect。In the high -level tomb of Liangzhu Culture，Jade、Yuyu and Yuqi，Should be with primitive religion、Totem worship、Buried customs and the social status of the owner are closely related。Jade is the highest status in Liangzhu Culture，Express over time，The number of Jade Aids is more and more，From the situation of the unearthed situation，Jade 琮 has almost no wear，and only in high -level tombs。The unearthed situation of Yuyu indicates that it has been separated from practical appliances，Become a sacrifice、Divine Terminal、Level symbol。The interpretation of Yuyu in the classical "Zhou Li" is the device of the sacrifice，Its shape square，Mid -circular hole，Pillar -shaped，Decorative patterns in appearance。This structure is completely consistent with the concept of "Tianyuan Place" in ancient China，It is a very typical Chinese traditional ritual。

Some scholars think，Due to Jade、Jade 琮 is a ritual for sacrifice，and the owner of their tomb may be a military nobleman such as the tribal sacrifice of the world and the earth。Other scholars believe that the jade is the soul of the God's ancestor when the ancestor of the gods is sacrificed.。The soul of the ancestors was summoned and perceived by the priests，Fall to the position of the middle hole of Yuyu。The middle hole is completely opened and down，Tongtian Di，Hui Shenqi。Jade Main also serves as a sacrifice ceremony，It is placed on the jade。Mid -hole of the round and jade with wooden sticks，Combined into a set of instruments Bet365 app download that are all over the world。Yu Qi is used before and after the expedition，To get or thank the ancestor's shelter，Dance with Qi Qi，For the blessing of the gods。

Symbols of Wimits。In the grades of various grades of Liangzhu Culture，Middle、High -level tombs The number of jade wares unearthed in a large number of jade wares、excellent texture、excellent texture，and low -level tombs unearthed from the number of jade wares, which are small and single。From this reflects the "luxury goods" enjoyed by Liangzhu Culture Jade in the society at that time，It is a symbol of absolute status。In the tomb of Liangzhu culture,，Some jade articles are not available in small cemetery，Such as a trigeminalizer is usually equipped with a long jade tube inserted on it，Itself is placed in the upper part of the jewelry，As a crown，It is consistent with the meaning of the "emperor" in Chinese characters。This crown is called "Emperor"，Contains rich and magnificent meaning，During the feudal dynasty, the highest rulers and heavenly gods were further integrated，called "Emperor"。Jade 钺 has been separated from the practicality of Shi Ji，symbol of military command，It is a jade indicator with a specific status of the noble class。Yujie Back unearthed in the high -level tomb of Liangzhu Culture，It should be a jade ware that can be used by Liangzhu Xianxian。Another，Some jade comb is carved with the statue beast face pattern，Different quantities，It should be the headdress and jade that should be used by the leader of the ancient country of Liangzhu。The core of Liangzhu Culture's Jade system is to use different types、Different quantities、Jade in different combinations，The jade ceremony group headed by jade 琮，Reflected the level differences of different levels，Gives its divine rights，Preliminary institutionalization，Make some specific instruments and utensil combinations become an owner's identity、status、Level and the logo of divine rights。

Religious worship。The most common ones on Liangzhu Jade is the face pattern of the gods and beasts (also known as the "God Essence")，This totem or complicated or simply used on a variety of jade articles at that time，Fully reflects the mature and developed religious Bet365 lotto review worship and beliefs of Liangzhu people。Another，Some scholars believe that the face pattern of the gods and beasts may evolve from the dragon head line，Mu Yongli therefore believes that this pattern is actually "a product under a multi -dimensional idea"。The Jie -shaped Big Feather Crown on the God and Man's Noodles on the face of the beasts of the gods and the beast represents "Sky"，The beasts below are combined with the characteristics of early dragon and pigs such as animals，It may be an abstraction for a variety of animals，Among them, the round eyes are the symbol of the sun。

Humanity should be very sensitive to the power of nature，Especially after agriculture starts to rise，I care about the changes in the sun and the four seasons，Before the unable to systematically explain the natural phenomenon，Personalization or deity is the most normal thing。Among them, there are many legends about the sun。如"Outside the East China Sea，Between Ganquan，Youxi and Guo。There are women names and，Wife of Emperor Jun，It is ten days，Frequent bathing in Ganquan "， "Outside the East China Sea，Great Wilderness，The name of the mountain is called the big words，Out of the Sun and Moon "，and "Historical Records" records "Nai Life、and，Jingshun Wu Tian，Method，Sun Moon and Star，Time to teach the people "，That's why，The ancient people calendar phenomena and Jingtian，All related to the sun。In Hongshan Culture earlier in Liangzhu Culture，Jade -class jade articles have appeared，Meaning the worship of the sun and the observation of heaven and earth。

Decorative accessories。The social nature of the Liangzhu Culture period determines the existence and continuation of jade shape and decorations，They are rich in the spiritual needs and material support of the ancestors。In addition to sacrifice jade, jade, etc.，Other jade articles are used according to the identity level。In many Liangzhu jade，Except Jade、Jade、Jade bracelets can be used alone，Most jade articles need to be combined with each other、Combined or embedded compound compound。Press the position and can be divided into heads、Neck、Arms and clothing accessories。Digemone wearing on the head、tapered device、Crown Crown Towns, etc.，The bet365 live casino games person wearing is considered to be a upper person in Liangzhu。Jade in high -level male tombs，Most complicated with headdress，It mainly includes a group of cones、Tridential、Crocodile、Complete semi -circular device，The combination of these jade articles usually represents the identity and status of the owner of the tomb。

　　Liangzhu Culture Jade Emotional Interpretation

​​In Liangzhu Cultural Series，People’s conceptual beliefs are a continuous huge chain。Some jade articles in Liangzhu Culture Jade have been separated from real life，It is the product of the ritual society，It is the basis for the grades of the ruling class; it is also a token for religious worship of Liangzhu people，Is a symbol of people's spiritual belonging。Liangzhu Culture Jade Evilly God and Man's Beast Facial、Beast Face Pattern、Dragon pattern、Bird pattern、Wonderful and exquisite decorations such as vortex rotation，reflect the politics of Liangzhu society、Economy、Religious、Culture、etiquette and other aspects of content。These important content reflects the beginning of Chinese civilization，Chinese society has gradually moved from primitive society to feudal society，The national system is initially formed，The kingship begins to establish。Liangzhu Culture Jade reflects the pursuit of beauty in ancient times。The most basic aesthetic features of jade articles，Is the essence of jade、texture、Natural color，In terms of styling art and decorative skills，There are inherent rules，symmetry、Comparison、Balanced、A variety of art methods such as mutual lining，Most of its body shape is huge and majestic，Complex shapes，Give people solemn and solemn feels。Style specification，、round two programs are sects，great achievements in styling art。

As one of the most gorgeous treasures in prehistoric culture，Liangzhu Culture Jade carried the mysterious and precious cultural heritage of Liangzhu society，It is the most powerful endorsement that the prehistoric culture transitions to civilized culture。There are many quantities、excellent texture、craftsmanship、Liangzhu jade with exquisite decoration，The design and production of ancient Chinese prehistoric jade has reached the highest bet365 Play online games peak。Liangzhu Culture Jade reflects different symbolic meaning，The ritual and wearing rules formed by it，Directly illustrates the upper -level rights of noble class to the king's right、Master of God rights，So as to achieve the country、Society、Economic control。A large number of jade gifts unearthed in the senior tombs of Liangzhu Culture，Concentrated reflects the king's noble and division of labor of men and women and nobles。Liangzhu Cultural Jade Ware Usage System formed、Level concept、Princess God award、Thoughts of Heaven and Man, etc.，It is also continued and developed by later culture。

(This article is the "Research on the Interpretation of Cultural Relics Symbols and Cultural and Creative Products in the Philosophy and Social Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province -Taking Liangzhu Culture Jade as an example" (2019SJA1107)、Jiangsu Provincial Education Science "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" key topic "Research on Design Education Transformation of Universities Based on the Four Order" (B-B/2020/01/1)

(Author Unit: School of Fine Arts and Design of Changzhou University)