Original Title: Xu Yong: Socialized Farmers: The current and future of farmers -Lecture 13 of the Basic Knowledge Series of Social Sciences Magazine

Dean of the China Rural Research Institute of China China Normal University、Xu Yong, the first batch of "Yangtze Scholars" of the Ministry of Education

China Social Science Online (Reporter Wang Ping) In the morning of August 19, 2013，China Social Sciences Magazine Holds Basic Knowledge Series Lecture Lecture 13。Chinese Social Sciences Magazine's External Entry Chief Editing、Dean of the China Rural Research Institute of Huazhong Normal University、Xu Yong, the first batch of "Yangtze Scholars" of the Ministry of Education, as a guest speaker，The theme of the lecture is "Social Farm: Social Farm: Farmers' Meeting and Future"。The lecture was Director of the Marxist Department of the Chinese Social Sciences Magazine、Editor -in -chief Sun Hai hosted。

Xu Yong thinks，Deep changes in rural China，The "cell" of farmers is also rapid "fission"。Although the scale of farmers today is small，But they have entered or involved in an open、​​flow、In the socialized system of division of labor，The economic form of the traditional closed small farmers gradually farther away，Enter the stage of socialized small farmers。"Socialization" bet365 best casino games of "Small Farmers"，greatly improved the ability of farmers to adapt to modern society，At the same time, it also produces inner contradictions，Need to respond to the farmers and their needs in new ideas。

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In recent years，The state proposes two major policies in solving the issues of agriculture, rural areas and rural areas: First, give farmers for national treatment，Second, establish a rural public service system。The theoretical and practical basis behind these two policies require further discussion。If you look at the scale of the organization，Today's farmers still belong to "small farmers"，And this "miniaturization" trend is more prominent。The "small" of small farmers is mainly manifested as: the size of farmers farming is small; the number of farmers' family population is small; compared with traditional small farmers，The current small farmers are in and faced with a "big society"。Today's small farmers are no longer limited to the "Peach Garden" limited to the world，Instead, it is more and more deeper into or involved in an open、​​flow、In the socialized system of division of labor，The economic form of the traditional closed small farmers gradually farther away。It is in this social change，New production、Life and communication elements enter the activities of farmers，Change their production、Life and communication method，and draw "Power"，Transformation of "inertia" of traditional Chinese families，enhance the behavior of farmers。The main manifestations are: the socialization of the production method，Socialization of lifestyle，Socialization of the way of communication。

Lecture scene

　　"Small farmer" and "socialization" tension

From the perspective of traditional theory，Socialization is always associated with large production。In the moment，On the one hand, small farmers are getting more and more "small"，On the other hand, the degree of socialization is getting higher and higher，This constitutes the two poles of "small farmers" and "socialization"。This seemingly extremely asymmetric bipolar indicates two meanings: it shows that farmers still have a strong vitality; socialized small farmers make farmers face new pressure。Small farmers and socialization as the two poles，There are three inherent contradictions:

One，The externalization of production conditions and the contradiction with weak self -production capacity。Farmers production under the economic conditions of traditional small farmers mainly depend on the conditions provided by families and villages，Very low dependency to the outside。The current production method of farmers tends to be social，Its important consequence is that it is more and more dependent on external conditions，The degree of externalization of production conditions is getting higher and higher。Currency expenditure to purchase external production conditions has become the biggest pressure in farmers' production，and become the main motivation for their behavior choices。This kind of cycle may appear: the higher the price of external production conditions，Limited purchasing ability of farmers，The more you will find a foreign worker to do business;，The weaker the self -production capacity of farmers。Modernization of external conditions bet365 live casino games and the modernization of farmers' self -production capacity cannot be synchronized，At the same time, it will also restrict the growth of farmers' income。

Its two，Unlimited expansion of life consumption and contradictions that meet limited ability。Production remaining limited for traditional farmers，Life expenditure full plan，Careful calculation，Diligence and frugality。But with farmers' production method、Socialization of lifestyle causing a sharp expansion of the desire of farmers' consumption，Make them no longer just dominate their own lives based on their own production capacity and actual needs，To a considerable degree of stimulus from external consumption。

Its three，The continuous expansion of the scope of interaction and the contradiction of the ability of the collective action is not strong。Small life of traditional small farmers，and live in a acquaintance society with a foundation in a village，Can form mutual cooperation and help，The ability of collective action is relatively strong。Socialization with the way farmers' exchanges，The scope and space of interaction expand sharply，The field of farmers' life has become a "stranger society"。More importantly，The socialized open world changes the concept of farmers，They are no longer the "human sentiment in the village acquaintance society、etiquette and customs "and so on as action rules，to get collective action capabilities，Instead of realistic interests，More direct is cash income as the rules of governing their activities，Social organizations that surpass farmers，It is more difficult for collective operations。

Bet365 app download The above three major contradictions are concentrated，It is the pressure that socialization brings to small farmers。Monetary income has therefore become the main basis for their behavior。Their behavioral motivation and action methods can seek answers from this pressure。If traditional small farmers are based on physical products, the main purpose，So，Socialized small farmers take cash income as the main purpose。and the obtaining relative physical products of cash income，It is weaker in stability，Uncertainty factors more，greater risk。So，The current farmers have entered or involved in a higher -risk society。This is the important basis for us to provide socialized services and incorporate farmers into a unified national security system。

　　The current and future rural policy and fate of farmers

The national policy in the first 10 years of the new century focuses on the improvement of external conditions，Abolition of agricultural tax，Obtain national treatment from the financial burden; build a new countryside，More resources are invested in rural areas，Let the rural areas get equal public services，Make farmers go to school without paying、Not too expensive to see a doctor、Pension is not worried，Improve external production conditions。The second 10 -year national policy of the new century focuses on internal construction，Through urban and rural integration development，Discover and activate the potential of the rural areas。Adjustment of policy since the new century，Basically settling rural farmers，Stability of rural farmers，The stability of the country has a foundation。

bet365 live casino games Xu Yong proposed，The characteristics of the future rural areas should be: socialized small farmers、Zhongnong、Great farmers coexist，Comprehensive business structure，Farmers enter the city，Capital to the countryside。Emerging village communities with urban -rural integration，Central Community，urban community。With the development of society，The countryside should be a diversified development。

Xu Yong combined with his actual experience in rural investigations and investigations for many years，Through the vivid and real experience fragments，Tell the phenomenon of social small farmers in contemporary Chinese，Let the young editor reporters talk like a personally talk to farmers，Touch Land General。Editor in the Magazine Club、More than 60 reporters listened to this lecture。