Dunhuang，Uniqueness and importance of geographical location，Become the largest scale in the world、Save the most complete Buddhist art temple。Not only that，Tens of thousands of relics found in Tibetan Cave，Make Dunhuang learning born out，Make Dunhuang more "light"。But if the time of the years is dialed back，Understand the real greatness of Dunhuang，I have to scattered from Guanyi more than 2000 years ago、A Jane of the Great Wall Finding the answer。clues on the Silk Road、The clear context of the history of the Western Regions is written above the Jane。

　　Bet365 lotto review

Dunhuang Han Jian in the broad scope，Refers to in the Malaysia Bay of Dunhuang before the 21st century、All Han Jane unearthed from Xuanquan and other places。These Han Jane involves commercial trade、Cultural exchange、Postal Traffic、Postal Traffic、Historical geography and other aspects，Not only you come and go on the ancient Silk Road、Daily writing of thousands of stories，First -hand information about the history and culture of the Qin and Han dynasties。

1907，British Hungarian explorer Stan's second Central Asian inspection，Dig 708 Han Jane in the Great Wall of the Han Dynasty in Dunhuang (if you calculate the Jianye residual film，The Han Jian won this time 3,000)。This is the first time that Dunhuang Hanjian entered the eyes of the world after a thousand years of sleeping，immediately aroused great attention from scholars at home and abroad。Stan Yin Edouard Chavannes entrusted the Han Skin Skin to sort out，Sandy announced in 1913 more than 700 Han brief interpretations。Luo Zhenyu and Wang Guowei saw this book，In 1914, I co -authored "Flow Sand Fall"，Dunhuang Han Jian, which is dug in China、Lobo Han Jin Jianyu and a small amount of paper、Book made an interpretation and research。

1913-1916，Stanyin's third Central Asian inspection，In Dunhuang、Guazhou、Jiuquan and other places in the bet365 Play online games Han Great Wall in Jiuquan and other places to dig the Han Jian again。Stan's Han Jian for twice，All are hidden in the British National Library。Enter the 21st century，More than 2,300 Han Jane in Stan's unpublished，In Guo Feng、Wang Tao、Wu Fangsi and other Chinese and English scholars work together，Finally published it to Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House in 2007、announced。

The third appearance of Dunhuang Han Jian was in 1944，At that time, the archeological group of the Northwest Scientific Investigation Team Xia Yan and Yan Wenru, who discovered 49 Han Jane in the Great Wall of the Great Wall in the East of the Han Dynasty in the small Fangpan City, Dunhuang。1948，Xia Yan published the article "New Dunhuang Han Jian"，Announced Jane Shadow and Interpretation。1953，Yan Wenru published "Hexi Archeology Miscellaneous"，Focus on introducing the unearthed situation of these Han Jane。

1979，Archaeologists found 1217 Han Jane at the site of the Malaysia Bay in the Han Dynasty in Dunhuang，Content involved in the book、Zouji、Law Order、Products、Book、爰 Book、Fu Chuan、Ceduct、Surgery、Medicine、Pass voucher, etc.。According to the unearthed from the Dunhuang Malaysia Bay site，The era is roughly the first year of the Emperor Xuan Emperor Yuankang (65 years ago) to the second year of Wang Mang Emperor (21 years)。The unearthed from the Han Jane，It provides new materials for exploring the exact location of Yumen Pass in the Han Dynasty。

1990 to 1992，The largest number of Dunhuang Hanjian out of the Susao Sites。This site is located at the junction of Dunhuang City and Guazhou County, west of Hexi Corridor，A total of 23,000 Han Jane unearthed，Among them, 17916 pieces of the sorting number，Chronicle Jane 2086，11.6%of all brief texts，The earliest year for Emperor Hanwu Yuan Ding for the first six years (before 111)，The latest year of Emperor An Emperor Yongchu (107)。It has a book with content、Law Order、Kepin、檄 檄、Book Statement、爰 Book、Surgery、Medical Party、Classics、Letter, etc.，Involved in Han Dynasty politics、Economy、Military、Culture、Bet365 lotto review National、Diplomacy、Posts and other aspects。This group of Han Jane is particularly postal、Western Region Historical Materials and Ethnic Relations Materials Most Special Features，It is one of the most precious literatures in the history and culture of the Han Dynasty Silk Road。

　Palm records in the Western Regions of the Western Regions

The Silk Road witnessed the ancient East and West politics、Economy、Culture communication，It is a bright pearl in the history of the development of human civilization。Dunhuang Han Jian is huge、There are many batches、content informative，Detailed records of the historical revolution of Dunhuang County Western Han Dynasty and major historical stories on the Silk Road。

Dunhuang is located in the western end of the Hexi Corridor，Not only the Han Dynasty operating the Western Regions、Important military bases against the Huns，It is still an important portal to the Western Regions and even Central Asia。Dunhuang Xuanquan Hanjian retains a large number of precious records from the Western Regions to Changan through Dunhuang，The country involved is Dawan、Sha Che、Shule、Wusun、Guizi、Black、Loulan、Xiao Wan、Essence、Yu、Pishan、Kangju、strip support、折、Sacrifice Vietnam (West Night Kingdom) and other more than 30。

Two years of the Sigh (60 years ago)，Civilian chaos in the Huns，King of the King to Quwi，Expressing Wei Sima Zhengji expressed his willingness to return to the crowd。Zheng Ji made the canal plow Tun Tian Army and the Guizi national horses to welcome，Rich King leads 12,000 people、Xiao Wang will return to the twelve kings，Zheng Ji placed it in Hequ (now Qinghai)，Emperor Xuan Emperor Sealing the Range Rong Wang as Guide Hou，Stay in Changan。"Wide to November Valley Book、Drop Six Divalence and Three Lots、Food Xuanquan 厩 广 广、Help will help、Effective Gu Guo Guo City and other seven people、Sending Day Rich King、Three foods for exchanges、Food three liters ... "，The valley book that is sent to Xuanquan for Guangzhi County，Recorded the accurate bill for the diet that provided meals for the welcoming day and welcomed the welcoming Bet365 lotto review day.。In the same year，Western Han Dynasty Western Regions metropolis，Zheng Ji is the protection of the Western Regions，Governorwu City。

Guizi north of Wusun，Nan Yijie，It is the great country of the Western Regions of the Han Dynasty，The population is second only to Wusun and Dawan。Guizi Wang Xibin out of the political system for the Han Dynasty、The yearning of cultural classics，Sending the messenger twice went to Wusun to propose to the daughter of Princess Xieyun.，Princess solution from the overall situation，Finally agreed with the marriage of the two。According to "Hanshu · Western Regions",，Two people went to Chang'an to see the Dunhuang several times.。Hand of the Han Jane: "The right meal to the county，Biography of the Communist Party，Da County Alien Holy Holy Form，Mrs. Guizi Mrs. Gives the second messenger biography，Places an eight -foot bed on the church，Soap Ruosan，There are four bedrooms in the pavilion，All in the bed □ Passing the door in the door，Can be a noble person，Officials' dual -humancism。"This Jane was unearthed in Dunhuang Xuanquan in 1990，The first year of Xuandi Yuankang (65 years ago)，The grand occasion of the Turtle King Couple，For more than a hundred years since then，The Western Han Dynasty and Guizi always maintained a harmonious and friendly relationship。

　　Writing East and West Exchange

Chinese and foreign exchanges Chaigong trade is not only one of the main ways of Chinese and foreign exchanges in the Han Dynasty，It is also an important medium for cultural exchanges。Gansu Jianyu Museum "Kangju King Mene Book"，Recorded the messenger of Kangju King Yang Bo Dao led the group to the Han Dynasty tribute，Dedicated camels were evaluated by Jiuquan Taishou as a bad，Event by Yang Bodao and others appeal to the court。The "Dr. and Guest Doctor" who is responsible for foreign affairs in the Han Dynasty below Dunhuang Taishou，Dunhuang Taishou Fa Wen Effect Valley County，Effective Guxian also posts a suspension spring，Requires to verify the specific situation and report it to。Kangju is a big country in Central bet365 Play online games Asia，Not affiliated to the Western Region's Undertake jurisdiction。Unearthed from the book，provides precious historical materials for studying the tribute trade of Central Asian countries such as the Han Dynasty and Kangju。Western Regions、Spinach、Hu Gua、Hu Hu、Grape、tonsil、Watermelon、Pepper and other species，Also accompanied by the tribute trade to the Central Plains。"Eighteen Buy Leek Six BeamsTwelve Buy Mes. Food Horse”。"Meticu"，is 苜蓿，"Hanshu · Western Regions Biography"，"Han envoys 采 采、Guizhou species，Emperor Tianma with Tianma Duo，Also foreign envoys，Yiman Puotao、Next to the Palace Palace，Polar Hope ”” ”” ”” ”， It is a species introduced from Central Asia in the Han Dynasty。

After the migrant migrant group moves in，Reclamation wasteland，Construction of water conservancy facilities，Building a house and a city，Promote advanced agricultural production technology and experience，Laid a strong material foundation for the development of local commercial trade in Dunhuang。"Two pounds □ Wheat Wulles、□ 粟 八 八 亖 亖 亖 亖 亖 亖、Inner husband Cen Fu is good at Zhang Yi、橐 11 pounds □ Wheat six Dendrobium "，This simplified site in Dunhuang Xuanquan Site，is a transaction record of Shao Niwu Cen and Zhang Yi at Shan Li Li，Shao Niwu Cen purchased Zhang Yi grain through objectives，Silk fabrics act as equivalent，Commercial trade between public and private。

Buddhism was introduced into Dunhuang in the second half of the 1st century AD，Integration with the local culture of Dunhuang，then passed east to Central Plains。"Shaojiu Boles Disciple Tan Tang again worshiped the month on the 23rd, Xiaoyu Tu Lili seven gates west in west"，This Jane is Dunhuang Floating Tu Jian，The content of the brief text is similar to invitation，Just 24 words，Simply explained the time of the party、Location、Characters and routes，Among them, "less wine" is a polite language to invite people to the banquet，"Disciple" is Buddhist language，"Visit again" is a brief idiom for the Han Dynasty letter，bet365 best casino games "Small Floating Tuli Seven Gates West" is the place and route of the banquet，It is the earliest discovery of the unearthed literature information about Buddhism into China。

　　Sai Defense Postal guarantee Silk Road unblocked

According to the Dunhuang Han Jian record，The military plug defense system in the northwestern border of the Han Dynasty，From Lingju (now Gansu Yongde) as the starting point，Along the River West Corridor to Dunhuang Esoda Lopland，East -west is more than 1,000 kilometers，Supplemented by strict 燧 燧、Tianda System and Examination System。Implementation of this series of measures，Not only can effectively prevent the invasion of the Huns cavalry，It also expanded the strategic depth of northwestern Chang'an，It provides a practical guarantee for the security and smoothness of the Silk Road。"Jianzhao three years in July of the three years of Yizhuo Ding、Dunhuang Dunjuan Qiangqiang Shi Yuanzhang、Sima Qianren Sima Qian, Sima Qian, Sima Qianren, said that the county ’s scholarship quoted the soldiers and soldiers.、Besides autumn below the autumn "，This Jane was unearthed in the Dunhuang Xuanquan Site in 1990，It was August 18, 36 BC, Dunhuang Taishou Mansion conveyed the attachment to the emperors to the various departments jurisdiction，Requires "Furious Fire、Farewell、Damn State、Push Push "downward document。

The Western Han Dynasty inherited the Qin Dynasty's postal system and further improved，Zhangjiashan Hanjian "Two Years Laws · Law of the Book of Books"，"Shi Miles Place One Post ... North Earth、Part、Longxi，Shili 1 post; Those who cannot post on the ground insurance，Benefits and retreat "，Standardment of the distance of the Han Dynasty postal institution、Postal duties and postal transmission methods。stations all over the country，It's like a huge information network，Ensure that the Han Dynasty's decree is high -efficiency communication from top to bottom。Dunhuang Han Jian unearthed，Records the postal post system in the large traffic guarantee system in the Han Dynasty。

A mileage brief，Detailed record of Wuwei County, Han Dynasty、Zhangye County、bet365 live casino games Jiuquan County and other places along the road in the submissions of the counties，It is connected with "Mileage Brief" from Chang'an to Hexi, which was unearthed from Chang'an in Hangyan City in 1974，It constitutes a relatively complete route from the eastern section of the Silk Road from Chang'an to Dunhuang，The diet of long -distance personnel on the Silk Road、Accommodation and safety。Because a large number of Dunhuang Hanjian records the postal post system in the large traffic security system in the Han Dynasty，Witness its guarantee for long -distance traffic and communication on the Silk Road，So，2014 at the 38th World Heritage Conference，Dunhuang Xuanquan Site was selected as "World Heritage List"。

　　(Author Unit: Marxist College of Lanzhou University; Gansu Jianyu Museum)