Current，Developed countries and developing countries are facing social and economic challenges caused by aging population。How to accurately grasp the impact of rapid transformation of population on society and economy、Maintain a good operation of the socio -economic system、Provide the elderly with economic protection for the public，It is a common problem faced by decision makers of various countries。Overseas scholars have thoroughly studied the adverse effects of age discrimination on the well -being and socio -economic development of the elderly.，Proposal to build a friendly employment environment for the elderly，Then encourage the on -service personnel to delay retirement，Enhance the willingness to re -employment of retirees。The complex economic impact of the aging of the population、Factors that hinder the delayed retirement and re -employment of the elderly、Establish a positive and healthy work concept and other topics，The reporter of this newspaper interviewed relevant foreign scholars。

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The impact of population aging on national economic development and social structure is complicated and far -reaching。Hyun-Hoon Lee, a professor at the Department of International Trade at the International Trade Department of Jiangyuan University in South Korea and Kwanho Shin, a professor at the Department of Economics of Goryeo University，With the elderly population raising ratio and the proportion of elderly population increase year by year with the OECD members，15-64 -year -old working age population slowly decreases year by year，Popularity deficit appears within its society。They think，Decision makers can deduct the negative economic impact caused by the average working time and labor participation rate。but，In physical capital、Human Capital、Average annual working hours、Labor participation rate、Labor age population accounts for the total population ratio、Factors such as all factor productivity and other factors affecting the per capita GDP，The Bet365 lotto review decline in the productivity of the whole factor is the main reason for the slowdown in the economic growth rate of the members of the organization。Full factor productivity is the ratio of the total output of a system to the real investment volume of all production factors。It reflects the production activities of an economy to human resources within a certain period of time、material resources、The development and utilization efficiency of resources such as financial resources，It is an important indicator for measuring the efficiency of the economy。From Li Xianxun and others,，Population aging has a negative impact on the growth of full -factor productivity。The elderly population raising ratio of Members of the Organization Organization is 0.01 percentage points for every 0.01 percentage，The growth rate of its entire factor productivity will decrease by 0.2 percentage points，At the same time, the growth rate of domestic GDP will decrease by 0.18 percentage points。

Director of the Institute of Population Aging of Oxford University in the United Kingdom、Sarah Harper, a professor of elderly learning, believes，aging society is economic growth、Comprehensive victory of health care and social policies。With the expected life expectancy per capita，The average age of the labor population increases，Personnel in the labor market will raise funds for life by increasing savings and other forms of life。In the middle of the 21st century，The aging population is expected to increase the per capita net assets of the United States by 25%。When the population of all ages has accumulated wealth and human capital for the elderly,，The national productivity growth rate will also increase with this，Population economists call it the second demographic dividend。other，More healthy and low -aged elderly people choose to delay retirement will also increase productivity，Scholars call it the third population dividend or silver hair bonus。Harper thinks，Expand the positive impact of the second and third population dividends on the growth of national economic growth，cannot be separated from the elderly to the family、The contribution of the community and society。So，In -depth promotion of an active view of aging，Integrate the concept of healthy aging into bet365 Play online games the economy、Social Development，It also needs the country to recognize the contribution of the elderly to society。

Assistant Professor of Human Resources Research at the University of Terburg, Konrad Turek, talked to reporters，Social concepts born from the population structure of the 20th century dominate the current retirement system and specifications，Affecting people's cognition of population aging。These concepts are not in line with social reality，It is the obstacle to further tapping opportunities and dividends for population aging。For example，Personal and organization believes in the theory of the history of life，People work hard to climb the ladder of life in the first half of their lives，reached the peak during the middle age，Then enter the recession period。Affected by this kind of thought，The labor market has almost no space to accommodate elderly employees。So，Accepted the recession period，Retirement after reaching the retirement age，It seems to be the most wise life choice for the elderly。Terke believes，"Old employees、Employers and policy makers should recognize，The work and retirement of people after entering the elderly have undergone tremendous changes in the past 10 years。Generally retirement and stable employment -free retirement era is gone forever，We ushered in the first era in human history that is dominated by the elderly instead of the young group。For example，Elderly raising ratio in Europe will increase from 31%in 2019 to 52%in 2050 "。Terke also said，As the life expectancy is extended per capita、The health status continues to improve、More employment opportunities suitable for elderly workers appear one after another，Human beings extend the work age and feasible。With the support of policies at all levels，Under the interaction of positive concepts such as labor market conditions and health aging，The population of the elderly can actually be social development、Scientific and technological innovation and employment make more contributions。

　　Understand the complexity of the willingness to retire the elderly

With the launch of delayed retirement policies with various countries，How Individuals re -arrange their work and life in their old age have aroused the attention of scholars Bet365 lotto review from all walks of life。Danish University of Copenhagen University of Humanities and Health Research Center Anthropology Associate Professor Aske Juul Lassen and others said，The complex understanding of the complication of contemporary retirement decisions is limited，Insufficient analysis of factors affecting personal retirement is not thorough。For example，To reduce the phenomenon of advance retirement、Improve the labor market participation of the elderly，The Danish government has launched the "Welfare Agreement" and "Delay Retirement Agreement"。Danish statutory retirement age gradually raised from the age of 65，It may continue to increase in the next decades。Considering Danish pension system provides economic protection for most retirees，Lason and others explored other factors that affect the left -left employees' left or leave the labor team，For example, the self -evaluation of the ability to work and the aging discrimination in the working environment。

Researchers interviewed 92 ages between 58-70 years、Danish employees engaged in the financial and production industry。Lason discovered，Old employees generally question their working ability and professional reputation，I am also worried that at some point in the future, you will not be able to continue to work，I even suspect that colleagues or superiors believe that their work efficiency is low。Larson's self -doubt the self -doubts of the above three kinds of aging employees is called "fatigue syndrome"。other，The stereotype of aging -based discrimination is one of the main reasons that cause the "fatigue syndrome" of aging employees。Lason observed，Even if the employees interviewed are confident in their working ability，I still do not want my colleagues and superiors to discriminate against the ages，Therefore, actively avoid talking about your own real work ability。

Tuorke talks，"The stereotype is the natural practice of human mind simplifying social reality。Like everyone，Employers' behavior is often based on life experience、Intuition and simple assumptions，But they may also cause wrong beliefs and practices that endanger society。Research indicates，Negative stereotypes for old employees are quite common among employers "。The stereotype Bet365 lotto review of aging employees summarized by the British public welfare institution "Better Aging Center" includes lack of work motivation、Insufficient energy、​​On -the -job training is more difficult to achieve effect、Resistance change、Slowly adapting to new technologies、Lack of progressive awareness and power of innovation，etc.。Once the aging employees question the authenticity of the stereotype，Managers refer to the popular life cycle development theory to maintain a position with aging discrimination。For example，Decreased physical fitness and cognitive ability caused by aging，Limited career growth space for old employees，Can't continue to meet the expectations of the workplace。Lason and others pointed out，With "fatigue syndrome" increasing，Most of the elderly employees in order to keep decent，After leaving the labor market after reaching the retirement age。Some people in order to avoid others that they are exhausted at work，Choose retirement in advance。

Studies based on the "Better Aging Center" discovery，Among the British who were fired during the epidemic，There are 1/3 years old at 50 and above。But the possibility of re -employment of aging employees who is fired is only half of young people。The cost of life in the post -epidemic era has greatly increased the economic pressure of the elderly，Forced many elderly people to re -enter the labor market。Refusing to hire employees will expand the labor gap，leading to inflation pressure up upward。Elderly people who have unemployed before reaching the retirement age will rely more on social benefits，Increases the country's public health and social nursing services for a long time。other，Aging discrimination will also expand the generation of generations，Destroy social cohesion，As a result, young people are unwilling to inherit the accumulation of elders、Technology and experience，The elderly also lost the opportunity to expand interpersonal relationships，Then increase the risk of being isolated by the community。

　　Construction of an inclusive environment

Tutrek told reporters，To increase people’s delayed retirement willingness、Avoid professional and technical loss，You need to take more positive employers、More impartial ways to manage aging labor。Bet365 lotto review The academic community usually thinks，After reaching the retirement age, employees choose to continue to stay in the organization for social emotional reasons。But，Once the aging employees have found a more meaningful social activity，I still choose to retire。Torrek and others studied the personal growth needs and organizational environmental factors of 3,200 Dutch employees on the hybrid influence of delayed retirement.。According to the motivation theoretical framework of psychology，Everyone's growth motivation is different。Researchers discovered，Those who valued through continuous studies、Development career to achieve personal growth, old employees participating in skills training are more active。If the organization gives full support to the training of aging employees，and the training content can help them realize personal ambitions，Organization leaves employees who meet the retirement requirements、The possibility of maintaining its stability and competitiveness is even greater。

Tutrek also found，The tissue atmosphere of tolerance age difference not only enhances the positive connection between personal growth needs and training participation，It can also inspire employees of aging employees to continue working until their old age。Around creating an elderly friendly organization environment，Tutrek put forward some constructive opinions。First，Organization needs to ensure that all ages of employees can get training opportunities equally。Based on this，Organization needs special needs and learning disabilities for aging employees，Plan the appropriate training process and assessment standard。Second，Treat employees of different ages with an equal and inclusive attitude，It is conducive to weakening stereotypes of employees for aging employees。Last，Incorporate employees of different ages into the decision -making process、Practice of employment fair treatment and other practices can also improve the tolerance of the organization。Only when the organization helps employees to gain a sense of accomplishment，Only to evoke a stronger sense of organization identity，to increase personal delay retirement willingness。

Terke mentioned in an interview，A more inclusive bet365 live casino games public policy should be adopted to encourage aging employees to delay retirement。Once public policy ignores the ability of elderly labor force to work、Motivation and opportunity differences，It will exacerbate the inequality within the group。Some elderly people who cannot continue working in their later years may eventually fall into poverty。other，Low education and employees engaged in low -income jobs have less decision -making power on retirement arrangements，Re -employment environment is not good for them。Out of pension reform or economic needs，Once they are required to extend the working time，will face the risk of unstable employment。So，The government needs to pay attention to the difficulties faced by the disadvantaged aging group under the trend of delayed retirement，and reducing their burden through the reform of the welfare system and public policy。