and peace、Fair、Justice、Freedom and other common values ​​of human beings similar，Democracy is a very abstract concept，It can present a variety of forms。The ideal democracy should be the combination of "substantial democracy" and "procedure democracy"。The essence of democracy is "the rule of the people"，This means that the people can politics、The realization of economic and cultural goals is agreed。This consistent goal pays attention to "public interest", "the interests of all people", "the happiness of everyone", "the well -being and prosperity of everyone" or "enable everyone to live with dignity、More decent，Life that is recognized by the society，Regardless of their contribution to society、How much "，A real goal of achieving these common goals is the meaning of "substantial democracy"。Democratic term is also used to refer to "procedural democracy"。It requires a set of effective procedures and forms to achieve public interests through specific democratic models，If this program and form can make the results of democratic practice match the guidelines for public interests，So it can be considered reasonable。

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With the emergence of industrial capitalism and the struggle to expand "democratic rights"，The concept of "freedom democracy" in the western context originated from the period of Western Enlightenment。Overall，"Free Democracy" includes administration、Political systems of the separation of legislation and judicial three powers，Multi -party system out of balanced political concept，Realizing adults who are universal and equal to adults，Among them, the right to election、Freedom of speech、Democratic rights, including freedom of political association。The spirit of the rule of law in "Free Democracy" can be traced back to the Government Theory of John Locke in the UK (Chapter 2) and the book "The Spirit of the Fa" in France's Montesquien。

"Free Democracy" is a political issue。The true foundation of Western power is the class nature of capitalist social relations，Capital itself is a kind of power，Is the power of allocating all the social social society，bet365 best casino games "Free Democracy" guarantees this relationship。As the most advanced as the world、Most powerful，and colonially occupying national groups in most parts of the world，Western countries claim that its "free democracy" model is the only form that democracy can present，It must be accepted by all countries and civilizations、Universal global values，This requirement has fundamentally served the interests of the West。But，Colonialism that runs through Western history、Imperialism and blatantly interfere with other countries' affairs，Obviously, it violates the claims of his initial democratic principles and respect for his people's lord rights，Because democracy itself is preset for the jurisdiction of all sovereign countries and the autonomous rights enjoys their citizens from external interference。

No matter what，The concept of "free democracy" based on liberalism has fundamental limitations。Liberalism advocated in the West includes two basic views: first，Human beings are not group members but selfish individuals; second，Human beings cannot reach an agreement on any goals on common interests。According to this definition，All morals、Religious and philosophical values ​​are restricted in the private field，In the end, only freedom is left as a universal value。Apart from prohibiting the individual from not harming or infringing the right of freedom enjoyed by others，"Free Democracy" does not make other restrictions or restrictions on individual behavior。This is the case，Social specifications are easily deconstructed and overthrown by opposing discrimination or maintenance of human rights。

This kind of Western political philosophy has led to the erosion of the gradual individualism of social solidarity and the increase of personal isolation。The kernels of Western -style "free democracy" are individual selfish rights，This is also the source of the current turbulence and conflict of the current situation of the current situation。Under this value -oriented，The New Liberal School calls for the establishment of a global constitution on the protection of capital protection，Prevent private property rights from being violated by national sovereignty，and the establishment of international institutions and international organizations that restrict national sovereignty at the global level，This has contributed to the birth of NATO and Bet365 lotto review the European Union in history。

other，"Freedom Democracy" also caused the "majority tyranny" in French political scientist Tockerville。Current，Developed capitalist countries and some of the emerging economy countries in the transition period quietly rise quietly，Become one of the most striking phenomena in Europe and America in the post -industrial era。populism is a political strategy，It aims to attract those interests by their own interests、The ruling party ignored or even opposed ordinary people。Its rise, on the one hand, stems from the increasing dissatisfaction of the people at the bottom and the growing class class，On the other hand, it originated from the power of the governments of various countries or unwilling to admit and respond to these dissatisfaction，This belonging to the mass of the public is deeply fascinated，It comes from the economic crisis of capitalism、System decay、State sovereign erosion and incitement of non -national behavior。At the same time，Voters tend to choose those populist government officials as political leaders，These populist leaders who pursue short -term national interests have caught Western countries in a serious governance crisis，Turn in turn，The governance crisis further shakes the people's confidence in the democratic democracy of Western -style election。

Unequal phenomenon caused by economic globalization，Social liquidity is reduced，An actual income of ordinary people、Conflict on conflicts such as work security and decline in life，Long -term accumulation in Western countries、fermentation。turbulent refugee wave、Economic immigration wave and religion、race、The loss of traditional social value brought about by gender discrimination plagues Western countries。The accompanying this is，Political differences between the working class and the upper and middle -level liberal elites are increasingly intensified，Division and contradictions also appeared in the voter camps of various parties。

In these countries，Financial Giants、A small number of interest groups such as lobby groups and other interest groups to a large extent are largely controlled the domestic policy formulation and international planning agenda of a country。Personal wealth is used to fund the ruling party and political class，National functions are outsourced to corporate interests。At the same Bet365 lotto review time，Under the manipulation of the government，The so -called "freedom" media controls communication channels and information transmission，The combination of public relations and political power has become a major feature of Western political ecology。A polls that collected 1,779 US policy issues from 1981 to 2002 found out，"The bill passed by the US Congress rarely or even did not reflect the preferences of ordinary Americans at all。The influence on the formulation of public policies is insignificant，Almost zero，There is no meaning in statistics。On the contrary，Public policy reflects the preferences of economic elites and organizational interest groups "。

　　The whole process of people's democracy embodies the people -centered governing thoughts

The perspective of relative to Western liberalism is，The nature of humans as group members determines that it not only needs some common moral values，It also needs a strong sense of common interest、The overall consciousness of the common participation and real desire of social projects is also the heart of the people，To solve the general problem facing humans requires a governance system and political community centered on collectivism rather than personalism。According to this point of view，Avoid the current international system in peace、Obvious defects in development and stability，It is necessary to build a community of human destiny that meets the common value of all human beings。and China proposed by China ten years ago to build a community of human destiny，undoubtedly conforms to the needs of the times and the voice of human beings，It is of great significance to solve a series of challenges facing the current global governance。

The proposal to build the concept of the community of human destiny is inseparable from the current democratic governance system in China，This system is the result of the collaborative evolution of socialist democratic politics and socialist rule of law。Researchers in China, Scholar Beaming, see，China's current democratic system is deeply influenced by the political system in Confucianism。As a selection system for political talents，Politics still promotes political power to allocate according to ability and morality。He thinks，"People are eager for political leaders to govern social。The quality of life of any society is largely determined by the quality of the leader。If a society bet365 Play online games cannot put the best talents on a leadership position，From the perspective of sociology or from a moral perspective，All are ridiculous "。So，From the Confucius era to contemporary China，Chinese society is trying to identify、Selection can make wisdom on many issues、Outstanding leaders with political judgment。

President Xi Jinping stands out in this unique democratic governance system。Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，President Xi Jinping led the Communist Party of China to put forward new concepts around the People's Congress system，Give it to its unique vitality and vitality in the new era，This also provides support for the full process of people's democracy proposed in the institutional level。The whole process of people's democracy can fully meet the people's voice、Conflict Solution、Resource integration、Consensus establishment and short、Middle、Function requirements for long -term target implementation，It is a kind of national conditions in line with China as a socialist country、Political concepts with innovative significance。It essentially reflects the people -centered governance thought，Can condense the wisdom and strength of the people to the greatest extent，Let the hundreds of millions of Chinese people truly become a country、Master of society and your own destiny。

　The whole process of people's democracy is very different from Western -style "free democracy"

The whole process of people's democracy is very different from Western -style free and democratic democracy。In essence，The whole process people's democracy emphasizes the people -centered，instead of capital -centric。Similar to any other form of democracy，The entire process of people's democracy in China should also be judged based on its final result of implementation and implementation，Whether to meet the actual expectations of all people to a better life。Since the end of the 1970s，Democratic forms pursued by Western countries have rarely met these expectations，The election of the re -election has become a "safety valve" for Western -style democracy。In China，The country's democratic system can make timely adjustment with the changing social conditions and social situations，contradictions between solving the people's growing good life needs and unbalanced and inadequate development。

In terms of procedures，"The whole process" has become the biggest feature of the people's democracy in the whole process，Specific Bet365 lotto review performance as the following points。First，The system of the People's Congress is an important system carrier for people's democracy to achieve the whole process。Hundreds of millions of voters directly elected representatives of grassroots people's congresses such as county and towns，The local people's congress representatives and representatives of the National People's Congress of the National People's Congress formed by the democratic elections constitute the staff of the national authority at all levels。The People's Congress is responsible for the people，Supervision of the people。2，Democratic democracy is an important form of people's democracy in the whole process。Through a wide range of proposals、Meeting、A discussion、Research、Hearing and other forms openly soliciting the opinions of the public and accommodating the opinions of a few people，Widely negotiated on major issues in social development。Consultation Democracy can largely accept group words to a large extent，This is a major feature that is different from Western -style democracy。third，Grass -roots democracy is an important manifestation of people's democracy for the whole process。The whole process of people's democracy advocates the test and pilot of democracy within the grassroots level，This claim is cooperated with cooperation、Consensus instead of competition、Elected him as a feature，Emphasize the design of policy to obtain and refine the policy、Effective method of implementing and evaluating。

Prove to the facts，China's unique democratic model plays a vital role in promoting the modernization of the national governance system，Make it from the rise of almost one of the most poorest countries in the past to a medium -to -high -income country，and more than 800 million people liberated from absolute poverty。Since the new era，The extraordinary achievements in China are the results promoted by various factors，The whole process of people's democracy is undoubtedly one of the fundamental causes，All aspects of policies and measures reflected in social and economic development related policies，Permination of rural revitalization strategies、Coordinated development of the area、Implementing active employment policy、Improve the social security system、Among the specific measures such as common prosperity。At the same time，Because it is deeply Bet365 app download rooted in the people，The whole process of people's democracy can greatly mobilize manpower、material resources and financial resources，Building in infrastructure、Maintaining high -level productive investment and accumulation in economic activities and modernization services，The probability of reducing financial speculation at the same time -and this has caused serious destructive effects in the Western world。Certificate of Democratic Model in China，A powerful democratic governance system can effectively ensure national design and implementation of a series of reforms，To solve the contradictions and crisis in the process of social and economic development，and ensure that the state's fair participation in the unequal international system so far。

　(The author is Professor Rongxiu, University of Sussex University in the United Kingdom、Visited scholars at the Institute of Geographical Science and Resources of the Chinese Academy of Sciences)