The unique structure and construction techniques of ancient Chinese buildings，Rich cultural connotation，Received international attention，In 2009, Chinese traditional wooden structure construction techniques were selected into the United Nations Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity。However，With the changing times，There are no successors to inherit the ancient architectural culture，Becoming an unpopular “secret skill”。August 2023，The National Office of Philosophy and Social Sciences announced the "2023 National Social Science Fund Special Application Announcement for Research on Unpopular Secret Studies"，Research on the protection of important historical and cultural sites or historic districts and ancient buildings is included in the special support areas。Yan Wenjiang Temple has a long history、An ancient building with a large wooden structure from the Yuan Dynasty，Listed as a national key cultural relic protection unit in 2006，Worth research and protection。Yan Wenjiang Temple is located in Boshan District, Zibo City, Shandong Province，It is a building that inherits the culture of "filial piety" and has a unique architectural structure、Beautiful traditional ancient building。The building appearance we see now is Ming and Qing style，The internal large wooden structure is in Yuan Dynasty style，The main hall is now in Spring and Autumn Period、Southern and Northern Dynasties、Tang、yuan、Column foundations of shapes and styles in the five periods of Ming and Qing dynasties。However，The year when the hall was first built and the true identity bet365 mobile betting temple owner has always been a mystery。The author has conducted in-depth research for many years，Remove the ruins bet365 mobile betting pillar foundation in the hall that have been ignored by the world，Compare with the ancient architectural remains in surrounding areas，Check historical documents，Analyze by comparing historical records and geographical location，The Kaozhi Hall was first built in the mid-Spring and Autumn Period，The real owner of Yan Wenjiang Temple is Wen Jiang, the wife of Duke Huan of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period。

■Yan Wenjiang bet365 mobile betting Main Hall Author/Photo provided

This hall started from the Spring and Autumn Period，Through the Northern and Southern Dynasties、Tang and Song、Rebuilt and repaired from Yuan to Ming and Qing Dynasties，It has become a mutual corroboration between the known physical objects and historical records in our country so far、The traditional ancient building with the longest time span。Research the year of its founding and its real owner，It is not only of great significance for enriching the history of ancient pre-Qin architecture in my country，And for the study bet365 mobile betting Spring and Autumn Period Qi、Lu、Ju、Ji and other vassal states，And the construction regulations bet365 mobile betting Qi Great Wall border defense building sites、Political culture and history are of great significance。

Discovering the transitional shape from the Spring and Autumn Period pillar holes to the Han Dynasty bet365 mobile betting

The main hall was built in 1.On a 3-meter stone platform，Three rooms wide 17.2 meters，Enter Shenzhen Three Rooms 18.6 meters，Single eaves resting mountain style palace house，About 15 meters high，The bet365 mobile betting is a wooden frame structure on the top of a hill。

■Restoration drawing and cross-sectional structural drawing bet365 mobile betting/Photo provided

The column foundation is the foundation under the column，Its main function is to distribute the load bet365 mobile betting column over a larger area on the ground。The pillar foundation remains from the Pre-Qin period are all cushion stones at the bottom of pillar holes，The stone column foundations discovered so far were first used as independent building components bet365 mobile betting Han Dynasty。Chen Congzhou discussed the stone carvings of Wuliang Temple in Han Dynasty and the pillar foundation of Guoju Temple in Xiaotang Mountain in 1956 in "Summary of Pillar Foundations"，It is the earliest existing column foundation as an independent building component。The column foundation as an independent building component during the Spring and Autumn Period has never been discovered。

Behind the statue in the main hall，There is a remains of a stone square pillar foundation，The pillar foundation remains are located on the left side bet365 mobile betting back door bet365 mobile betting main hall 1.2 meters、About 0 from the back wall.5 meters away。Material is limestone，Same as the stone bet365 mobile betting mountain behind the main hall。The column foundation is smaller in size，The specifications are too different from the later reconstructed pillars，No longer used as column foundation，Used indoors as floor tiles。The stone pillar foundation is about 0 higher than other floor tiles.5 cm，Irregular appearance，The right-angled edges are not neatly processed，Slightly damaged corners，Side length about 38 cm，The diameter bet365 mobile betting central circular post hole is about 18 cm，The post hole is filled with cement。This is a party with a simple shape、Plain column base without any artistic decoration。

So far，There is no documentation describing the remains bet365 mobile betting pillar foundation。There is an identical pair of column bases from the 1980s，One of them was removed during ground maintenance，The other column foundation is stronger because it is stronger，Lay on the ground as floor tiles，Maybe the appearance is too ordinary，It has never attracted people’s attention。Due to the fact that the shape of column foundations began to be carved after the Han Dynasty，No more carving post holes，Judging from the fact that the pillar base is still carved with pillar holes and without any decoration，This column foundation belongs to the transitional form of column foundations from the Western Zhou Dynasty pillar holes to the Han Dynasty column foundations。

There are two limestone pillar foundations (holes) relics south bet365 mobile betting Qingshiguan North Gate bet365 mobile betting Great Wall of Qi, about 7 kilometers southwest of Yan Wenjiang Temple，Verified by research，The southern half bet365 mobile betting north gate of Qingshiguan is the original building from the Spring and Autumn Period，The pillar foundation remains are original relics from the Spring and Autumn Period，The age range is approximately 642 BC-555 BC。The palace ruins bet365 mobile betting tomb of King Ji in Gugu, 90 kilometers away from Yan Wenjiang Temple，Built in the middle Spring and Autumn Period (690 BC-600 BC)，Multiple post holes remain in the weathered rock layer，6 of them are relatively clear，A few are slightly incomplete。These two pillar foundation ruins have high reference and comparison value with the Yan Wenjiang Temple pillar foundation ruins，Dimensions bet365 mobile betting main hall and the pillar foundation (hole) remains bet365 mobile betting Qi Great Wall、Shape、The pillar holes and many other aspects are very similar。The diameter bet365 mobile betting pillar hole in the main hall pillar foundation remains is the same as the diameter bet365 mobile betting pillar hole in the tomb of King Ji, which is 18 cm，The three years should be the same as the Spring and Autumn Period，It can be seen that the pillar foundation ruins and buildings of Yan Wenjiang Temple were built in the Spring and Autumn Period。

Before that，Our country has never found the pillar foundation bet365 mobile betting transition from the Shang and Zhou pillar holes to the Han Dynasty。Viewed through the ruins of Yan Wenjiang Temple and the pillar foundation bet365 mobile betting Great Wall of Qi，The column foundation in the Transitional Period looks like a square stone with a round hole drilled into it，No styling and artistic decoration，Carving only post holes，Hard to attract attention，This may be the reason why the column foundations bet365 mobile betting Spring and Autumn Period have not been found in China before。The significance of discovering the remains bet365 mobile betting pillar foundation of Yan Wenjiang Temple is that it not only provides empirical evidence that the main hall of Yan Wenjiang Temple was built in the Spring and Autumn Period，At the same time, it fills a gap in the column base shape bet365 mobile betting Spring and Autumn Period in the history of traditional Chinese architecture，It also provides a physical reference for the transition of my country's architectural column foundations from the Western Zhou Dynasty pillar hole era to the Han Dynasty column foundation era，Provides important physical data for studying the development history of ancient Chinese architecture。

An bet365 mobile betting epic carrying long-lasting culture

The founding date of Yan Wenjiang bet365 mobile betting Hall、Several reconstructions have both physical evidence and written records，Including records about the initial construction in "Zuo Zhuan" that have not attracted much attention。

■The original Monk King bet365 mobile betting at the east end of Yongji Bridge data picture

Spring and Autumn Period: "Zuo Zhuan" [Classic] The Second Year of Duke Zhuang，"Twelve months in winter，Mrs. Jiang meets Qi Marquis Yu Yu。"[Biography]"Winter bet365 mobile betting Second Year，Mrs. Jiang meets Qi Marquis Yu Yu。"The fourth year of Duke Zhuang: "The second month of Spring in the fourth year，Mrs. Jiang enjoys the honor bet365 mobile betting Marquis of Qi in Zhuqiu。"Dong Zhuang of Lu built a palace to live in for his mother Wen Jiang on the border of Qilu around 692 BC。The pillar holes carved into the pillar foundations are a typical practice in the Spring and Autumn Period。The diameter bet365 mobile betting pillar holes in the main hall and the tomb of King Ji is the same as 18 cm，Comply with the building regulations bet365 mobile betting princes in the Spring and Autumn Period。

The Northern and Southern Dynasties Period: The construction situation bet365 mobile betting Northern Zhou Dynasty (557-581) is recorded in the "Qingzhou Prefecture Chronicle" of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty，Local people sang their praises、To commemorate Wen Jiang’s merits, a temple was built to offer sacrifices during the Northern Anniversary，One pillar foundation from the Southern and Northern Dynasties remains。

Tang Dynasty: Emperor Xuanzong bet365 mobile betting Tang Dynasty once assigned important ministers to repair，And left the "Wenshi Jie at the bottom of Zhongshumen": "Tang Tianbao established the temple in Shuici in the fifth year bet365 mobile betting Tang Dynasty。”There is a Tang Dynasty column foundation left behind。Expanded in the sixth year of Xining (1073) in the Northern Song Dynasty。

Yuan Dynasty: "Yanshen Town Chronicles" records that the main hall was rebuilt on the original site in the seventh year of Emperor Taizong bet365 mobile betting Yuan Dynasty (1235) according to the Yuan tablet.，The existing large wooden frame was built in the Yuan Dynasty。"Only four walls remain，Li Yuxi turned into scorched earth"。"Renewed" after reconstruction。There are currently 8 Yuan Dynasty column foundations with different specifications，The existing large wooden structure and basic building scale bet365 mobile betting main hall were finalized in the Yuan Dynasty。

Ming and Qing Dynasties: Partial repairs were carried out during the Wanli and Hongzhi years bet365 mobile betting Ming Dynasty；The "Inscription on the Reconstruction of Lady Shunde Temple" records that a relatively large reconstruction was carried out in the Yisi year of Qianlong (1785)，But the beam structure is not changed，So the existing roof and bracket shapes are basically Ming and Qing style。

In summary it can be seen，This building has withstood more than 2,000 years of wind and rain，Reborn several times after fire，It is rare to survive in the end。Judging from the pillar foundation bet365 mobile betting main hall and the reconstruction and maintenance records of past dynasties，The main hall was built in the Spring and Autumn Period，Not only the pillar foundations of five dynasties，There are also Tang Dynasty style architectural components、Large wooden structure bet365 mobile betting Yuan Dynasty、Roofs in the Ming and Qing Dynasties，The historical context is clear，Enriched physical evidence，It is a unique architectural epic in our country。

bet365 mobile betting Jiang’s historical status and architectural cultural heritage

Ironware was precious during the Spring and Autumn Period，Can carve the stone pillar foundation for Wen Jiang Temple，The specifications bet365 mobile betting pillars are the same as those of Prince Ji’s Palace，His status should be princely level，"Zuo Zhuan" says "Bury my little king Wen Jiang"，Indicate his identity and burial to achieve the treatment of a prince。Satisfied the people of Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period、The architectural form reaches the status of a prince、There is only one person named Wen Jiang with three conditions，That is, the wife of Duke Huan of Lu，Mother of Duke Zhuang of Lu——Wen Jiang。

■Remains of pillar holes bet365 mobile betting tomb of King Ji Author/photo provided

The myths and legends of Yan Wenjiang are mostly based on the "Qi Cheng" bet365 mobile betting Yuan Dynasty, which records that Qi had a filial wife Yan Wenjiang，Serving my aunt as a filial piety，Myths and legends that moved the gods。The prototype can be traced back to the "Book of Han·Yu Dingguo Biography" bet365 mobile betting Han Dynasty，In the "Xu Shu Zheng Ji" written by Guo Yuansheng bet365 mobile betting Jin Dynasty、"Yu Di Zhi" by King Gu Ye bet365 mobile betting Southern Dynasties、Li Cong's "Duyi Zhi" bet365 mobile betting Tang Dynasty does not record his surname "Yan"，In the Northern Song Dynasty, Wen Jiang was attached to the descendants of Yan Hui，Chen Qi's "Xu Wenggu Yin Di Ji" records: "The place where the former residence is now is the Yan Temple... The Yan family is a descendant of Yasheng，Mrs. Shunde。”“彇” is the old name bet365 mobile betting location of Yan Wenjiang Temple，This place belonged to Ma Jingyi, Qi State during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period，called "Danzhong"。Visible，Wen Jiang’s surname was Yan in the Song Dynasty，And "Yan" may evolve from "彇" (yǎn)，Yan Wen Jiang Temple should be "Dan Wen Jiang Temple"。

。The Great Wall of Qi has three lines in Boshan，One bet365 mobile betting main lines，Two double lines。The main line Qi Great Wall is the earliest dividing line between Qi and Lu，The Qingshiguan Double Line is the military demarcation line actually controlled by Qi State，The area between the main line and the double line has become a "feiqifeilu" place。

The three biographies of Spring and Autumn Period all record that Duke Zhuang of Lu built a palace on the border of Qilu for Wen Jiang，Description in "Records bet365 mobile betting Nations bet365 mobile betting Eastern Zhou Dynasty": Car to Chuidi，See the hotel is clean，Sighed: "This place is uneven and irregular，Just my family！"It can be seen that the palace built by Wen Jiang at that time was located on the border of Qilu，Does not belong to Qi State，A place that does not belong to the State of Lu。The road from Qufu in the state of Lu to Linzi in the state of Qi via Qingshiguan was the closest in ancient times、The most famous Qilu old road。On the way back to Lu from Qi, Wen Jiang stopped at a place that was “not Qi and not Lu” to choose a location，Only at this intersection，So this place is in line with the situation that Wen Jiang chose the location at that time as "not Qi Feilu"。

"The Chronicles bet365 mobile betting Eastern Zhou Dynasties" describes that Wen Jiang lived after this，The Marquis of Qi built a palace on the stone beam of Zhuqiu not far away，Judging from the later records bet365 mobile betting "Jiagu Alliance"，The red gate building complex at the west end of Yongji Bridge has the architectural style bet365 mobile betting high platform in the Spring and Autumn Period，The palace base is most likely the Qihou Palace base on the Qi Great Wall near Yan Wenjiang Temple，Later became the foundation bet365 mobile betting "Jiagu Alliance" between Qi and Lu。Yan Wenjiang Temple serves as a political hub on the Qilu border，Jiangqi Great Wall Building Complex (Red Gate Building Complex、Qingshiguan Building Group)、The Jiwanggu building complex is connected in series。

Wen Jiang lived on the border of Qilu for about 22 years，Participated in the political and military activities of Lu State when Duke Zhuang of Lu was a minor，And participated in it many times、Lu、Ju、Ji Siguo’s foreign activities and mediation of military disputes，Maintained border peace between vassal states for nearly a hundred years。Wen Jiang’s political activities made many subsequent kings of Qi in awe，The end of Qilu，Although the two countries invaded and fought against each other，But it is more friendly to intermarriage，Qilu maintains relatively peaceful and stable relations。Although the territory of Ji State has been annexed by Qi State，But Qi State did not kill all the fleeing Ji Wang royal family，And bury Ji Boji。Ji Wang’s royal family fled to the south bet365 mobile betting Great Wall of Qi，Continued to survive for about ninety years under the protection of Lu and Ju.，There may be a mediating role of Wen Jiang。

In summary，Judging from many factors such as the geographical location of Yan Wenjiang Temple, which is "not Qi and not Lu"，The hall should have been built around the second year of Duke Zhuang of Lu (692 BC to 690 BC) recorded in "Zuo Zhuan"，The original owner bet365 mobile betting temple should be a female politician in the Spring and Autumn Period of our country，Or the first person in history whose mother participated in politics when the king was young——Wen Jiang。Wen Jiang was respectfully called Jiang when he was born、Mrs.，Get the treatment of princes，And let Lu survive in Qi，In the Spring and Autumn Period, everyone from the royal family to the common people spoke highly of Wen Jiang。Yan Wenjiang Temple Hall is constantly being rebuilt，Not only a history of political changes in the Spring and Autumn Period，It is an architectural epic that continues from the Spring and Autumn Period to the present day、Cultural Song，Let us see buildings that carry excellent culture，to convert、Survival in the form of sublimation and constant rebirth，And after innovation and self-repair，Ultimately forming a better new culture。

　 (The bet365 mobile betting is an associate professor at the School of Architecture and Art Design, Henan University of Technology)