This newspaper comprehensive foreign media reports are generally existing，The relationship between the self -confidence of the person and the scientific knowledge they master，Portuguese Instrument and experimental particle physics joint laboratory、2117_2145。They analyzed the data of the four large -scale surveys in Europe and the United States，and developed a self -confidence measurement standard that can be suitable for different environments。Research results show，Excessive self -confidence in science Bet365 lotto review and the negative attitude towards science reaches the peak at the medium -time knowledge level。This research has been published recently on the journal "Nature · Human Behavior"。

Researchers give the number of errors and answers in the questionnaire survey and answer the number of answers "unknown" as a measure of over -confidence，Error answers indicate that the respondent has excessive self -confidence performance，I think I know the correct answer but the actual cognitive error。Portuguese Instrument and experimental particle physics joint laboratory researcher Christina Mendon (Cristina Mendon? A) represents，The advantage of this indicator is that it is easy to copy，No need to compare the individual with others，I don't need to express myself self bet365 Play online games -confidence。This research mainly shows two discovers。First，The growth rate of individual excessive self -confidence is often faster than the growth rate of knowledge reserve，reached its peak at the level of medium knowledge; second，The attitude of interviewees with a middle -knowledge level and highly self -confidence is also the most active in treating science。

Mengdu card representation，When the subjective evaluation of your own ability is higher than the objective and practical time，Excessive self -confidence will occur。I lack of understanding of my own unknown field，Not only may it affect judgment and decision -making behavior，It may also bring risks to public policy，Health that endangers bet365 best casino games yourself and others。Assistant Professor André Mata of the University of Lisbon mentioned，Excessive self -confidence and the combination of scientific negative attitude is very dangerous，Because this may lead to the spread of false information and "conspiracy theory"。

Researchers said，These discoveries challenged certain traditional assumptions of scientific communication strategies。Scientific communication usually simplifies scientific information for the purpose of expanding the propagation，Doing this may provide some basic knowledge for the audience，But it may also lead to an increase in the degree of excessive self -confidence between some audiences。For this，This study indicates，While bet365 live casino games advancing the production and dissemination of knowledge，It is necessary to make people realize how much knowledge is yet to be explored。Another，You need to pay attention to adopting intervention measures for those who are middle -knowledge，This is because they occupy a larger population ratio，and lack a positive attitude towards scientific knowledge。

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