With the influence of "Southern Global", it gradually increases，This concept has attracted much attention，Related discussion heat increase，Correct understanding of "Global South" is particularly important。For this，The reporter interviewed the visiting professor of the Department of Economics, Brazil in the Department of Economics, Brazil. Professor of Lisi University、The 14th Chinese Book Special Contribution Award winner Gustavo Alejandro Girado，Discussion of the specific connotation of "Southern Global"、"Global South" facing opportunities and challenges、The relationship between China and "Global South"、"Global Southern" related academic development and other issues。

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Although the word "south of the world" frequently appears in the public view，But its definition has not been completely unified。He Guangsi told reporters，From the perspective of geographical location，"Global South" refers to a country in the south of the equator。But，People often hear countries in the northern hemisphere in politics、Add "Global South" camp to economic or other international affairs。So，"Global South" is not so much description of world geography，It is better to say that it is a political concept。The term "Global South" is widely used in the diplomatic field，It is because compared with other terms that may be derogatory or discriminatory，"Global South" is more appropriate、neutral。

During the Cold War，Those countries that do not form alliances with the United States or the Soviet Union are called "Third World State"。April 1955，Government delegations from 29 Asian -African countries and regions held a Bandung Conference in Indonesia。He Guangsi said，It is not difficult to see，There are some kind of political connection between these two historical processes，A itself starts with the unreasonable campaign，and the other item began in the rise of "Global South"。He thinks，Some media and authors from "Global Northern" are defining for "Global Southern"，Starting from their own interests，Although China is divided into the "Global South" camp，But it highlights the relationship between China and underdeveloped countries，To accuse China of trying to compete for leadership in the "Global Southern" country。

Figreyo introduced the beginning of the change of the north -south perspective in the art field in the interview。1943，When World War II is close to the end，Uruguay artist, Joaquín Torres-García, draws the map of South America with the opposite way to the traditional drawing direction。He once said，"Our north is the south，There should be no north for us，Unless it stands on the opposite side of the south "，"Correction of this perspective is very necessary，Now we know where we are in "。Garcia from an artistic perspective，I saw the necessity of changing the perspective of the bet365 live casino games North and South。In this point of view，"South" is not a geographical category，People need to develop in economic development、Culture、Language、Traditional and other levels bring "South" to the center of the international system，In other words，"South" will become the new "North"。

Figredo said，Many "global south" countries are located in the southern hemisphere，People who have been exploited by the colonial system for hundreds of years have more right to speak。So，Generally speaking，"Global Southern" refers to suffering violence、Countries with negative effects of colonialism and industrial expansion，They still face such challenges in today's economic development。But，The episod of the "Global Northern" country occupies the world's dominant position，Many international systems are determined by minority economic systems in the north，They will global wealth、Innovative technology and other resources are concentrated in "Global Northern"。

"Global South" consists of a country on the edge of this system。They are different，Located on different continents，There are different languages，Facing different problems，Diversity is its prominent feature，These countries have strong cohesion。In "Global Southern"，Respect self -determination、Respect the form of expression of each culture，For the establishment of an equal relationship between the "global south" countries。Figredo pointed out，Inequuling mode that needs to overcome North -South relations，Because of the thoughts in this mode, some people are considered、Some cultures are in a better position。

Figredo added to，It must be clear that there are essential differences in the concept of "Global Southern" and the concepts of "emerging countries" and "developing countries"。Emerging countries and developing countries need to determine the meaning of "emerging" and "development"，corresponding to it is "maturity" and "developed"。"Global Southern" concept is related to geopolitics、Society、History and economic status，Including your own theory of knowledge，People need to create the development concept and independent proposition of "Global South" under this concept。

　　Peace and sustainable development is the two major themes

"Southern Global" faces many challenges。Fergleydo believes，The current main challenge is political challenge。He said，The colonial system and the history of "Global South" have left heavy marks from the history of integrating from peripherals into the international system，caused sharp social and economic problems。"Global South" needs to be negotiated to formulate a common agenda，Determine how to achieve development、Increase employment and promotion peace，3742_3763。To achieve this goal，"Global Southern" countries should negotiate and consistent、Solve the differences，and overcome the obstacles of cooperation between countries between different economic development from a strategic perspective。

Figredo said，To successfully formulate such a agenda，Bet365 lotto review Need to have sufficient and clear institutional space。He thinks，The current international governance system is formed by the Second World War、To a large extent by the American -led system，Effective power space is relatively closed，It is difficult to meet the needs of emerging countries。Yalta System and the Bretton Forest System founded a series of important institutions for development and management of international political and economic affairs，Some of these member states were in the period of colonial struggle。Now，The priority is the international system of reform，Make it more democratized，Being able to open to all countries。Fergleydo believes，BRICS cooperation mechanism、The co -construction of the "Belt and Road" initiative advocated by China and the existing regional integration initiative in South America，can all serve this goal。"Global Southern" should strive for more expression space for yourself，Have more right to speak，Create better conditions for the global agenda required for the joint development of construction。

He Guangsi also expressed similar views。He thinks，Some international organizations born after World War II are gradually losing their political forces，It is also difficult to continue to maintain its system。This is because of，The values ​​that these international organizations upholds when they are established have not covered the values ​​and interests of today's important countries。In the past 80 years，Standards for World Operation、Mode and specifications have not fully considered China、Japan、The situation of oriental countries such as South Korea。Now，The status and role of Eastern countries are increasingly prominent，and get a wider recognition through active participation in international affairs。Although the Western conservative forces hold a negative attitude towards the oriental countries to fight for more discourse rights，But the Eastern countries initiated the establishment of their own intergovernmental international organizations and institutional frameworks，Ruhai Cooperation Organization、Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, etc.。Under the background of tremendous changes in the international structure，International discussions on the new round of global governance plan are rising。

Prove to the facts，There is no challenge that can't overcome，Figredo said，China is such an example。China is an overcoming historical challenge、Countries that have made huge progress in economic and social development，Make yourself at the forefront of the world economy。He also pointed out，Although each country has its own outstanding characteristics，But China is still a case that relevant experts and scholars need to study carefully。Figredo said，To overcome the challenge，There are two major themes for "global south"，that is peace and sustainable development。He thinks，Only peace can bring harmonious development，Only to allow countries to share development bet365 live casino games results。But，Many countries in "Southern Global" have suffered the damage of war，It is still the victim of war。War destroyed society，Obstacted the comprehensive development of human beings。To compete for the market and interests，State of Powerful State launched war，The center of the contradiction itself is not in the south，The victim is the "Global Southern" country。So，Build a peaceful world，Including reforming multilateral institutions，It should be in an important position in the agenda of the "Global Southern" country。

Sustainable development put forward high and necessary requirements for participation and international cooperation in the world。Figredo said，On the one hand，"Global Northern" countries regard "Global South" as "Ecological Reserve"，Then economic development must be located in environmental protection，This has pushed the responsibility of environmental protection to the "Global Southern" country，This is unfair; on the other hand，"Global Southern" countries believe that rich countries have caused high pollution during the development process，and establish the current leadership position in this way，So，They are unwilling to solve the problem of pollution at the cost of economic and social development。

This problem becomes increasingly urgent today。In the initiatives related to climate and energy issues，"Global Southern" countries are facing common challenges，That is to prevent the resources from the south from being exhausted by the north，Make sure these valuable resources are used for their own development。Fergleydo believes，To cope with climate change，"Global Southern" countries must be united，Remember the largest area on the earth、Forest that is vital to protect human life is located in the south，"Global South" is also rich in alternative resources necessary for the world to transition to new energy，such as green hydrogen。Figredo said，These resources are both an opportunity for "Global South" to actively participate in global governance，It is also the object of the "global northern" country。"Global South" can actively participate in international negotiations，Promote sustainable development，To win the long -term for all countries、Effective development and hard work。

He Guangsi thinks，"Global Southern" strives to associate its own development with global changes，Try to find the right way and method，To discuss and seek common interests without being disturbed by hegemony，Promote South -South Cooperation to go deep and go deep。"Global Southern" has a wide range of common languages ​​in terms of demand。"Global Southern" analyzes the problem with its own way and perspective without the participation of the old hegemonic country，This possibility is to discuss the needs of the "Global Southern" country、The foundation for the future of the future world and what relationship will be established in each other。

　　China injects vigorous vitality into "Global Southern"

China is a member of the "Southern Global"，It is the largest economy bet365 best casino games in the "Southern Global" country，It is necessary to contribute to the difficulties facing developing countries。He Guangsi said，China plays a pivotal role in promoting the establishment of a strong global partnership in the "Global Southern" country。This is because of，China is one of the most vibrant economies in the world，Constantly injecting vigorous vitality into the economies related to it。

The cooperation between China and the "Global Southern" country is a road to deal with common challenges。Figreyo emphasized in the interview，This is not only due to the grand economic scale of China，It is the main trading partner of many "global south" countries，More than China ’s independent and independent peace foreign policy。2017，General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out at the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，Respect each other、Equality negotiation，Resolutely abandon the Cold War thinking and power politics，Talk to the dialogue without confrontation、A new way for the country and the country that is not an alliance。Figredo said，This deep indicates，China insists on taking the road of peaceful development，Opposition to any form of foreign interference，Opposition to use strong lingering。He said，in the long history of history，China has never been a country of interferenceism。other，Research on Economic History Research，Whenever Chinese prosperity and development，The world often develops with prosperity。In other words，China's economic growth can bring opportunities to the world。

Fergleydo thinks，China ’s co -construction“ Belt and Road ”initiative provides new examples for international relations。Related cooperation projects are magnificent，Including highways and railways across Asia and lead to Western Europe、Port that supports sea transportation network、petroleum pipeline、Airport and other projects，The construction of infrastructure networks for global cargo and personnel transportation，It also promoted the development of the digital economy。Co -construction of the "Belt and Road" initiative is related to policy communication、Facilities Unicom、Freshly trade、Foundation Finance、All aspects of the people's hearts。Figredo pointed out，Someone calls it "China's Marshall Plan"，However, this is relatively ineffective and wrong。Construction of the “Belt and Road” initiative to adhere to the five principles of compliance with peace coexistence，The result of the "Marshall Plan" is to conclude the "North Atlantic Convention"，Establish NATO Organization。The two are completely different。

Figredo said，Experience of the "Belt and Road" initiative and international cooperation mechanisms such as the BRICS countries，and other "Global Southern" national multilateral cooperation mechanisms，The prospect of "Southern Global" is very bright。China has always pursued peace、Cooperation、A win -win partnership，China ’s active actions in“ Global Southern ”will help to respond to new bet365 live casino games global challenges with the“ Southern Mode ”。He believes，The economic connection that appears in this new model will become increasingly consolidated。

He Guangsi said，China has a close contact with a large part of the "Global Southern" area，This relationship is not only reflected in trade and investment，Politically, this is the case。On the global trade stage，China is an important product and technology supplier，It is also the needs of most products in the typical "export basket" of developing countries。Some "Global Northern" countries focus on the interests in front of their eyes，Any use of resources，Index environmental management control measures，Leading global climate change intensified，Ozone layer is thinner，and caused the negative consequences of the complex society and the environment，Seriously hinder the development of "Global South"。China's firm commitment to global climate governance，and technical advantageous position in green and renewable energy，Promoting the win -win cooperation between China and the "Global Southern" countries。

　　Knowledge accumulation helps "Global South" exchange

Academic circles also play an important role in the development of "Global South"。Figredo told reporters，The main contribution of the academic world is to actively carry out research on "Global Southern"，and look at the problem from the perspective of "Global South"。For example，Academic research results help people recognize the historical connection between "global southern" countries，These countries are more or less victims of "Global Northern" colonialism and industrial civilization disorderly expansion。Similar historical experience affects society、Economic situation and even regional border。So，Although there are differences between countries，But the power of solidarity is greater than the cause of division。

He Guangsi talked about the differences between China and the "Global Southern" country in the interview。He thinks，Some important members of China and "Southern Global", especially in Latin American countries, have a lot of cultural distance。Now，Bilateral trade is more important，Cross -investment and exchanges are richer。Similarly，Cultural barriers also need to decrease with the maturity of bilateral relations。What is worth noting is，China's investment in the bilateral "Global South" has reached a representative scale。The cooperation between China and other "Global Southern" countries has promoted cultural exchanges and integration，At the same time, the cultural differences between countries are even more prominent。Correctly understand the cultural and historical differences of different countries，and these factors may have the impact on the future development of various countries，It is to break the communication barrier、The first step to promote cross -cultural exchange and cooperation。China needs to establish a new communication and collaboration bridge with other "global southern" countries，and consolidate the existing bridge，To continuously improve the effect of cooperation。bet365 best casino games From the opinion of He Guangsi，Current，China and South Gaococean are in culture、History and economic differences have been profound，"Understanding the gap" is also relatively small。China and Africa and Latin American countries have established the interconnection channels at the cultural and material level，Through more time and effort，Can better understand and understand these differences。

If there is no certain knowledge accumulation，Exchange and exchanges between countries bet365 best casino games in the "Southern Global" countries may be weakened。The research results obtained by "Global Southern" help help build a new international relations paradigm。The existing economic and political connection needs to be continuously deepened，Academic connection is the same。Figredo said，It needs to strengthen the role of the bond between research institutions，Establish more partnerships in the academic field。Especially，Compared with the academic institutions of "Global Northern" countries，The connection between the academic institutions of "Global Southern" is still relatively weak。He mentioned，Take Brazil as an example，China is Brazil's largest trading partner，However, Brazil's academic institutions have less research on research projects for China。Although trade exchanges are close，I still don't know much about each other，"Global Southern" academic research institutions need to pay attention to this problem。

From the view of Figreo，"Global Southern" countries need to know more about each other，So，You need to carry out more research projects and academic conferences，Establish more contact between teaching and research institutions，Give "Global South" related agenda more attention，Output more academic publications with "Global South" as the research object。These will be an important agenda in the “Global Southern” academic field。