bet with bet365 newspaper’s comprehensive foreign media reports In most scientific bet with bet365 fields，Teams are gradually becoming the main force in promoting knowledge production。According to statistics，In the United States，The size of the scientific bet with bet365 team expanded by 50% between 1981 and 1999。bet with bet365 shows，In recent years，More than 80% of publications in science and engineering disciplines and more than 2/3 of patents are the result of multiple scientific researchers。Recently，Denisa Mindruta, associate professor of strategy and business policy at HEC Paris, France, writes for Dialogue.com，Focuses on analyzing the impact of outstanding scientific researchers on the overall performance of the scientific bet with bet365 team and their relative contribution to innovation，And discussed how to optimize team composition，Improving the efficiency of scientific bet with bet365 and innovation。

"Star scientists" refer to scientists who are at the leading level among their peers in terms of the number of published papers and bet with bet365 influence and who actively participate in commercialization activities。Mindruta pointed out，There are two ways for "star scientists" to improve the overall performance of scientific bet with bet365 teams。First，The participation of "star scientists" comprehensively improves the performance of collaborators in terms of scientific bet with bet365 quality and scientific bet with bet365 output，Make your team’s work more successful。Back in May 2010，Pierre Azoulay, a professor of management at MIT, and his co-authors estimated the spillover effects caused by the untimely or unexpected death of 112 "academic stars"。Discovered by Azoulay and others，When an “academic star” dies，The publication rate of bet with bet365 results of its collaborators continues to decrease by 5-8 percentage points on average。Secondly，Existing bet with bet365 shows，After achieving initial success, researchers may be able to attract talent and resources more easily than their peers，The "Matthew Effect" appears。For “star scientists”，The "Matthew Effect" reflects a feedback loop。In this case，Outstanding researchers receive priority funding in academia and the private sector、High-level graduate students and advanced experimental facilities and other important resources，And achieve greater success faster。

　In order to explore the various factors that promote good cooperation between outstanding scientific researchers such as "star scientists" and their collaborative teams，Mindrruta et al. analyzed data related to the disclosure of 555 inventions registered by a well-known American university between 1988 and 1999。Submitting legal documents in view of the disclosure，This method effectively avoids influencing factors that may distort the true proportion of authors in a publication，Such as favor relationships or institutional factors，Is important to ensure the accuracy of bet with bet365。Among 1003 scientists (248 of them are heads of scientific bet with bet365 teams)，The researchers finally selected a group of 30 "star scientists" as the bet with bet365 subjects，The citations of these 30 scientists’ scientific bet with bet365 results rank among the top 5% in the world。

Discovered by Mindruta and others，High-level scientific bet with bet365 team leaders often work with high-level collaborators，This finding supports the theory that “star scientists” are more likely to attract talented teams。At the same time，Great leaders have greater access to collaborators with whom they share expertise，And gain the favor of the other party。High-level team leaders prefer to work in teams composed of senior and junior researchers，It can be seen from this，Diversity of bet with bet365 perspectives and skills is critical in driving innovative discoveries。

In addition，Mindrruta et al. separately calculated the loss of bet with bet365 impact caused by replacing "star scientists" or their collaborators，To measure the irreplaceability of “star scientists” in teamwork。Result display，It is rare that a “star scientist”’s contribution exceeds that of other collaborators。at 14.3% of cases，The relative contribution of “star scientists” to knowledge creation exceeds that of other collaborators；at 9.in 5% of cases，The collaborator is the dominant party；In more than 3/4 of the cases，Neither party has a dominant position，It is the complementarity between "star scientists" and the team that maximizes the value of bet with bet365。

Mindruta said，There is unfairness in the distribution of honors in the field of scientific bet with bet365，This manifests itself as too much emphasis on outstanding performance、A distinguished individual。“Star scientists” undoubtedly promote the development of scientific bet with bet365 and innovation，And it has brought considerable value to scientific bet with bet365 cooperation。But，Society should be in the context of the team of "star scientists"，Evaluate their bet with bet365 results objectively。In most cases，The collaborators of the “star scientists” also put a lot of effort into the production of the final results。Collaborators’ contributions should be certified through intellectual property rights、Financial gains and access to other resources receive due recognition。

　(Liu Yuwei/Compiled)