In recent years，Open science has become a new trend in the development of global scientific research，The aim is to promote new models of research dissemination and peer bet365 games processes，Making all aspects of the scientific research process more open、Accessible。Peer bet365 games is one of the cornerstones of scientific research，As academic communication continues to change，There is a growing call for academic transparency from all walks of life，The peer bet365 games system faces increasing doubts。In the process，Open peer bet365 games was proposed as a solution，The main measure is to disclose the identity of peer reviewers and their bet365 games reports。Currently，There are still some shortcomings in the international academic community’s research on the effectiveness and significance of open peer bet365 games，Our reporter interviewed foreign scholars on issues related to open peer bet365 games。

　　The traditional peer bet365 games model needs to be optimized

A study by Michele Avissar-Whiting, program officer at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and others，Critical perspectives from peers can help identify concepts in scientific research work、Problems in logic or method。Peer bet365 games as a key link in the scientific research process，Used to evaluate the quality of a paper and determine whether research should be funded。However，The traditional peer bet365 games model faces many challenges，There is inefficiency、Error-prone、Risks such as unfairness。Although peer bet365 games requires a lot of time from academics to complete，But peer bet365 games by 2-3 researchers is difficult to find all the problems in a study。Therefore，Some serious flaws may only occur when the paper is read by the wider expert community after publication，In order to be exposed。At the same time，A lack of transparency can also mask errors and biases in the peer bet365 games process。Most journals do not publish peer bet365 games reports when publishing papers，And the bet365 games comments on rejected papers are almost never made public，This causes a waste of resources to a certain extent。

The traditional peer bet365 games model is inefficient and lacks transparency，Received more and more doubts。Avisa-Whiting said，As preprint formats become more widely accepted and used，Incited a rethinking of the peer bet365 games process。The growing popularity of preprints provides an important opportunity for new attempts at peer bet365 games methods，It helps to solve the above problems，It also helps to fundamentally shift the practice of peer bet365 games to a constructive collaborative practice。Avisa-Whiting and others appealed，Accelerate the promotion of preprint sharing，And recommend that researchers actively provide open and constructive peer bet365 games for preprints。

Dietmar Wolfram, a professor at the School of Information Studies at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, said in an interview with this reporter，Traditional peer bet365 games adopts the form of blind bet365 games，All parties involved in the bet365 games remain anonymous，To reduce bias in the evaluation process，It mainly includes three forms: triple-blind peer bet365 games anonymizes the bet365 games process，Author、Neither the reviewers nor the editors who handle the bet365 games comments know each other’s identities。Double-blind peer bet365 games is a more common practice，Where the author and reviewer do not know each other’s identities，In order to ensure the author’s anonymity，Authors need to remove any content that may reveal their identity to reviewers。Single-blind peer bet365 games means that the reviewer knows the identity of the author，But the author does not know the identity of the reviewer。Can blind bet365 games reduce bias，And promote more objective reviews？For the author，The blind bet365 games process is like a black box，Everything is opaque；Hide the identity of reviewers may allow reviewers to use their anonymity to make important comments，It is also possible that he may write comments that lack rigor。

　　Open peer bet365 games is on the rise

The Open Science movement strives to increase transparency in the production of scientific knowledge，And make scientific research results more widely accessible。so far，Open access is the most prominent area in the open science movement，People can access academic results for free through open access journals or repositories。Recent，Open science has expanded to explore the availability of open data and open software，Open peer bet365 games is also becoming part of a new round of open science movement，To make all aspects of the traditional anonymous peer bet365 games process public。Open peer bet365 games will be like open access and open data in open science，Become a more common academic practice？Wolfram thinks，Further research is needed to understand the concept of open peer bet365 games、Publishers’ specific practices and researchers’ perceptions and attitudes as authors and reviewers。

Since the turn of the century，Open peer bet365 games has been showing an upward trend。Wolfram said，This upward trend is largely driven by publishers from Europe。Early applications of open peer bet365 games date back to the early 2000s，The journals "Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics" and "European Cells and Materials" adopt different open peer bet365 games models。Since then，The number of journals adopting open peer bet365 games is growing steadily，Most notably in the fields of medicine and health sciences and natural sciences。Overall，The number of open peer-reviewed journals remains a small proportion of academic journals。

The current open peer bet365 games landscape presents a variety of configurations，Contains different practices ranging from being open about some aspects of the blind bet365 games process to being fully transparent throughout。Although it is difficult to define the emerging practice of open peer bet365 games in a simple way，Wolfram suggested，People can focus on how to implement open identity and open reporting in the bet365 games process，And which final products are available for open access。In addition，In a 2017 study conducted by Tony Ross-Hellauer, head of the Open and Reproducibility Research Group at the Technical University of Graz, Austria, and others，Identified three key innovations in open peer bet365 games—open identity、Open reporting and open participation，Disclose the identity of the reviewer、Disclosing peer bet365 games reports and enabling wider public participation，And evaluate the supporting evidence for each innovation point。

Ross-Herol said，Open peer bet365 games is a complex phenomenon，Reflects a series of possible innovations in the traditional peer bet365 games process，Promoting open peer bet365 games may have the following impacts。First，Open identity and open reporting promote transparency in reviews，Helps increase accountability，It will also make the reviewer’s conflict of interest more obvious，It may cause the reviewer to reduce the "sharpness" of the bet365 games。Second，Open reporting allows academics to publicly bet365 games how the decision to ultimately publish a paper is made。However，Open identity eliminates reviewer or author anonymity，The traditional peer bet365 games model uses anonymity to eliminate bias in the bet365 games process。Third，Open identity and open reporting help improve the quality of reviews，Open participation increases the number of potential reviewers。Fourth，Open peer bet365 games helps shorten the bet365 games cycle，The time when an article is submitted to the journal for bet365 games before final publication。However，Open identity and open reporting also have the potential to increase the number of reviewers，Thus prolonging the bet365 games process。Fifth，If the reviewer’s identity and bet365 games report are published，Can have a motivating effect on researchers，Researchers are encouraged to proactively seek out peer bet365 games opportunities。

　　Adopt a more experimental research approach

Open peer bet365 games develops simultaneously with other open science practices，In view of the fact that more and more journals are beginning to implement innovative methods under the open peer bet365 games framework，People need practical guidance to guide the practical process。Currently，Explorations related to open peer bet365 games are discussed more at a theoretical level，There is a lack of practical guidance。Ross-Herol and Serge Horbach, assistant professor at the Institute of Social Sciences at Radboud University in the Netherlands, recently posted on the "Influence Blog" on the official website of the London School of Economics and Political Science，There continues to be some discussion around open peer bet365 games，But the academic community has not conducted sufficient research on this。Ross-Herol et al. appealed，Adopt a more experimental research approach to open peer bet365 games issues。

Previous research shows，Much research evidence correlates with stakeholder attitudes and expectations。For example，Proponents of open identity think，Disclosing reviewer identities increases transparency、Enhanced Accountability；Opponents are worried，Signed reviews may result in less critical feedback。Recent，Completely updated based on 2017 study by Ross-Herol et al.，An overview of new evidence from 2017 to 2022，Mainly focuses on open identity and open reporting issues in open peer bet365 games。

Research findings，Open peer bet365 games is still not common，Only 1%-5% of journals adopt this practice。However，Research results show，Neither open identity nor open reporting significantly affects a reviewer’s probability of accepting an invitation or the time it takes to complete a bet365 games。Compared to open identity，People are more positive about open reporting，Concerns about open identities mainly stem from the possible adverse consequences of some critical comments。Such concerns may lead to weaker criticism，And ultimately negatively impact the peer bet365 games process。

Although the study by Ross-Herol et al. produced some valuable preliminary insights，But，Overall，There is still little research on how open identity and open reporting affect paper quality，And this is a key question related to the main goal of peer bet365 games。This highlights the need for further research，The purpose is to illustrate the effectiveness and broader impact of open peer bet365 games practices in different academic fields。Although some research groups have increased acceptance of various types of open peer bet365 games practices，But implementing these measures will impact the diversity of the reviewer community、The quality of the bet365 games process and its impact on the journal’s final decision to publish，Still largely unknown。