bet365 live casino games Associate Professor Bryan Mathis and Professor Ryosuke L of the Department of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan. Ohniwa) published new research results "Trends of Emerging Topics in Life Sciences and Medicine in Various Countries" in the August issue of "Journal Of Informetrics"。The research found，Research in the fields of life sciences and medicine between different countries shows a trend of standardization in the evolution of topics，Has positive and negative impacts。

Current，The process of globalization is reflected in scientific research activities，Specifically reflected in the increase in international collaborative research projects and co-authored papers、The development of information technology promotes the international sharing of information and resources、Continuous promotion of open science, etc.。In order to achieve maximum output，Scientific research standardization has become a key component of the bet365 live casino games globalization of scientific research。As a country with high scientific research output，United States、Research methods and processes in Western English-speaking countries such as the United Kingdom are usually regarded as international norms。

On the one hand，Research has shown，Standardization of research activities increases the number of highly cited papers produced by international teamwork，Has certain advantages in scientific innovation and creation；On the other hand，Concerns raised about socioeconomic disparities between countries，Countries with rich economies tend to produce more influential scientific research results，Standardization by knowledge and technology sharing、The impact of research homogenization promoted by research elites’ initiatives，The diversity of scientific research activities and results in poor countries may be greatly reduced。

Mathis and Ryosuke Oba noticed，Specific discussion aimed at examining similarities and differences between countries and their potential impact on diversity and innovation in scientific research has been limited。For this，They focus on the life sciences and medical fields where the annual publication volume bet365 live casino games is quite high，Using the two measurement indicators of "emerging keywords" and "extremely successful emerging keywords" as the main basis，Using the PubMed database to analyze a large number of papers published in 53 countries from 1970 to 2020。Among them，"Emerging keywords" are in the PubMed database Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)，Terms and their superior terms that reach the top 5% in growth in a given year based on four consecutive years before and after the year (one year before and two years after the year)；The conditions that "extremely successful emerging keywords" must meet are，10 years after being identified as an “emerging keyword”，The number of times the word appears is 10 times or more than the original year and the total number of times is greater than 100 times。

Research results show，Rich countries produce more papers in life sciences and medicine、More emerging and high-impact topics，But output efficiency has nothing to do with the country’s economic status，Countries that are not rich can also effectively produce high-impact topics。The advancement of homogeneity has improved the efficiency of generating emerging topics on a global scale，But it reduces the efficiency of generating Bet365 app download high-impact topics。Looking from this，The process of globalization promotes discoveries that may not necessarily be transformed into scientific innovation，But to a certain extent, it has eliminated the production of socially influential results。

mentioned by Mathis and Ryosuke Oba，Modern science operates on the basis of collaborative relationships，Scientists seek other like-minded individuals，Reinforces the concept of homogeneous groups pursuing common goals。Beyond the homogeneity of the scientific research community，The current academic publishing paradigm makes it possible for publications of acceptable quality but unusual or non-traditional results to be rejected by publishers，The supervision function of journal editors and reviewers is relatively lacking。Research funding agencies themselves may also “encourage” homogeneity while calling for innovation，Some researchers rely on exaggerated language to sell their research proposals，To “stand out” from similar proposals when applying for funding，Instead of truly developing innovation、Innovative research。

From the perspective of Mathis and Oba Ryosuke，Homogeneity within a given field is to some extent a natural outgrowth of bet365 Play online games the scientific method。Independent replication of results and observations through homogenization of standard practices is a way to establish theory and standards for research，If every paper in a field is unique and innovative，It is difficult to establish standardization in this field、Recognized evidence thresholds as benchmarks for assessing the quality of submitted manuscripts。General homogeneity means a greater emphasis on "publishing" rather than "discovery" as a goal，And through scientific research cooperation、Journal Publishing、The current situation of guarding behavior reinforcement at three levels of scientific research funding。A large amount of financial investment may not promote more scientific innovation，The "brute force funding" model may not live up to expectations。

Looking to the future，It is possible to establish a new technological innovation system that coexists with homogeneity，In this system，The creation of "extremely successful emerging keywords" relies on providing small grants to many researchers。Small Team、Less budget、Reduce excessive administrative reports and inspection levels、No positive data expected，These factors were found to help increase the efficiency of generating "extremely successful bet365 live casino games emerging keywords"，Allow researchers to explore new research areas without excessive pressure，And enhance the credibility of the study。In addition，It is also necessary to visualize and quantify the tacit abilities and non-cognitive abilities required to achieve scientific innovation。In Decisions to Award Grants，A more objective assessment can be made with the help of artificial intelligence，Reduce the situation where capable researchers whose proposals do not meet the standard funding types are eliminated。

(Chen Yutong/Compiled)