Black pottery art in the Kangba area is immersed in the context of multi -ethnic cultural integration，Historical facts of Han, Tibetan cultural exchanges and exchanges with the hand -made mode of generations and unique utensils。Real Kangba Black Pottery forms diverse，Anxi Tao Tao, which is both emphasized inlaid and decorated，There are Nixi Black Pottery, which pays attention to portrayal performance，There are also Mai Su Black Pottery focusing on silver ornaments。They are not only a lively historical testimony for the integration of multi -ethnic culture，Also connecting national emotions、One of the important contents of the consciousness of the Chinese nation community。

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"History of Chinese Ceramics" has a discussion of the Cato site pottery similar to the Majiayao culture of Ganqing area，This is the archeological record of the origin of Tibetan Chinese ceramics。"The Tibetan King of the World" records Princess Wencheng after entering Tibet "with silk"，Make ropes with grass，Turkey as a pottery "，Is the history of the black pottery affected by the Han Dynasty。"History of Han Tibetan History" to make a tea bowl with the help of Han Di craftsmen during the reign of the Mang Mangu Branch，According to Mr. Huo Wei's thesis "New Tea and Tea Set in Western Tibet Archaeological Discovery", this period should be 676-704 AD。The bet365 best casino games same Tang Dynasty，Ceramics firing in the post -Tibetan area has a long development，Sangye Temple gathering Handi、Tubo、Indian style integration，Among them, glazed ceramics，Between 713-766 AD，Tang Sancai is bright and eye -catching，The two are quite similar，It can be seen that the important influence of Handi pottery。

Tibetan Buddhism is highly respected after the yuan，The prosperity of the temple building during this period brings development of the gold industry craftsmanship produced by the temple，It also strengthened Tibetan、Han、Mongolian process exchange。and Kangba Black Pottery is in the core area of ​​the ancient Tea Horse Road of Sichuan -Tibet，The result of becoming the integration of multi -ethnic culture and art。The shape of its typical ghee teapot is existing traces of metal cricket pot，There is also the shadow of the Han Dynasty chicken head holding the pot; those dragon -shaped plastic plastic on the mouth of the pot is both the model language of the Tibetan gold work，It is also a decorative element in the Sandy Crisher。Han、Tibet、Mongolian and other ethnic groups are finally combined in the art of Kangba Black Pottery and one，It has promoted the formation of the blending form of the black pottery national culture。But the Ming and Qing Dynasties，With the rise of the Gelug faction and prosperity，Kangba Black Pottery is gradually religious in terms of styling，such as holy water bottle、Kaoru furnace、Babao decoration、For utensils for tables and other utensils, it is directly based on Buddhist content。Just with the prosperity of Tibetan Bet365 lotto review Buddhist art，Black pottery art has not achieved great development，On the contrary, the decline of Kangba Black Pottery。

With the establishment of New China，The state began to pay attention to intangible cultural heritage、Protection and development of folk crafts，Kangba Black Pottery finally got a new life。2003，The 32nd Session of the UNESCO officially adopted the Convention on the Convention on the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage。In the same year，my country also officially launched the Chinese national folk culture protection project。June 2008，Asi Tu Tao、Asi Tu Tao、Qianqian Black Pottery has won the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage for "Tibetan black pottery firing technique"。At the same time，Nixi Black pottery artist Sun Nuo Qilin and Dangzhen criticism、Qiqian Black Ceramics Pottery Artist Bai Ma Qunjia successively in 2009、2018、In 2012, the representative inheritor of the representative project of the national intangible cultural heritage was named。So far, Kangba Black Pottery can be re -developed，At the same time, it also opened a new chapter of the integration of Han and Tibetan culture。

　physical testimony of the fusion of national culture

In Kangba Black Pottery，The characteristics of cultural integration of Han and Tibetan culture are obvious，Such as a flat pot with a black pottery，All turtle -shaped abdomen，Just Xixia flat pots are mostly horizontal forms with abdominal feet，Freshy -type flat pot is less。Early flat ceramic kettle bionic flat leather，Suitable for the nomadic customs that are "based Bet365 app download on sheep and horses"，It is a product that is cleverly combined with ceramic firing technology that is reinforced with the pot body after refining and design.。Modern Kangba Black Pottery flat pot has all adopted a vertical shape，It mainly meets the savings and carriers of liquids accompanied by migration mobile，What reflects the life needs of the modern Kangba Tibetan people。The continuation of a kind of utensil always carries past marks，and Hu people were the general name of the people of the north and the people of all nations in the north and the western regions.，Obviously，The inheritance of this shape continues is the historical facts that condense the interaction of multi -ethnic cultural exchanges。

Kangba Black Ceramics's Black Castle Teapot、Jugs, etc. all use the handle、Dragon pattern decoration of the pot mouth is seen。Dragon pattern pot is common in the Han Dynasty，Known as "Dragon Shouhu"。The pot started in Tang，Most of the pottery、Porcelain two materials。Tang Sancai Dragon's first pot collected at the Yangzhou Museum，Taking the dragon head as the pot flow，Longjiao curved connecting the pot body，Dragon mouth open，Mandarin bending upper upsurge，Destroyer Destroy of Hydaper。The pot handles are made of clay curls，Connect the shoulders of the pot body at one end，One end of the top of Jackie Chan sticks to the edge of the mouth，Echo the Shouyao of the Pug Dragon。In Tibetan Arts and Crafts，Metal forging process prominent，Typical representative has metal dragon pattern flat pot，The bottle body is relatively flat，Tongtong Dragon，The pot body is bet365 Play online games a plane dragon pattern，and the pot handle of the pot is shaped to be shaped the relief dragon pattern。Huo Wei believes: "The imagined god animals like dragons come from Han Di，The topic where the dragon is intertwined with each other，It has appeared in the pre -Qin artworks。"Although the dragons in the early Han and Tibetan culture have their own fingers，It has appeared in the pre -Qin artworks，Frequent scorpion、Fish and other forms appear。The boundary between Tibetan Dragon and Hanlong later gradually blurred，In the art of modern black pottery，Dragon pattern has become a cultural symbol of noble auspiciousness。

It is said that the original silver gray of Kangba Black Pottery，After commemorating King Gesar to become black。About black，The Benzonian Literature "Black Head Dwarf Origin" believes that "eggs" are the source of the bonrephenians' world view，and the eggs are black、White、Based on this。Based on this，Tibetan's black and white color concept is related to benzbnism，and pottery has a long history in Tibet，But the most relics are still red、Gray、Ballows sand pottery，Black less，From the perspective of firing，Want to become a black pottery bearded and burnt，Pretty Zhou Zhang。It can be seen that the tradition of Benzhn Shanghei also needs to restore the burning skills of the Han Dynasty，can finally promote the formation of the main color of the black pottery。Black is "Father" color，Use a wide range of use in the Tibetan area。For example，In terms of architecture，Not only the white tower but also the Black Tower built in Sangye Temple。But with Bet365 lotto review the introduction of Buddhist art，Black "father" status is shaken。The concept of seeing white as a noble color makes the white the main color of the Tibetan，So the white in Kangba black pottery often appears in decorative embellishment，Ghee teapot and other utensils are equipped with white porcelain slices。The geographical environment of the Tibetan settlement area，Soil without white porcelain，Porcelain passed from the Han people's settlement area，Crystal clear，Unique precious，Even fragments can’t bear to discard，Wisdom -filled pottery people will use it for black pottery inlaid decoration。Tao Zhihe has been intertwined with the white of porcelain，Meimei and the Communist Party，Finally, the classic color of black pottery was formed，It has also become an eternal witness of the blending of Han and Tibetan culture。

Kangba Black Pottery is a prominent traditional process，It originated from life，Serving life，With a simple foundation of mass aesthetics。In the inheritance and development of modern Kangba black pottery culture，We should pay more attention to the interpretation of the characteristic of the characteristic carrier of the national culture、Publicity and use，so as to make it charm Qin Run the public，Let the carriers of Kangba Black Pottery more vividly interpret the historical formation of the Chinese nation community。

　　(The author is the person in charge of the "Inheritance and Development Research Research on the Inheritance and Development of Black Pottery Arts in Kangba Tibetan District"、Professor of Art College of Arts at the University of Ethnic University; Dean of the School of Art of the School of Art of the Southwest University of Ethnology、Professor)