栠文。Borulianshan，Zhehezazaoshu"，The vastness and unpredictability of the sea，There is no essential difference since ancient times。But a culture formed from the ocean，And the influence of marine culture on the novel，Has diachronic characteristics in each period。Thousands of years，With the improvement of navigation technology，People’s understanding of the ocean can be described as gradual，From the myths of the pre-Qin Dynasty and the mysterious ocean rumors of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties，Including the adventures of those who really went to sea during the Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties，And then to the sea-related bet365 free bets with conscious fictional consciousness in the Ming and Qing Dynasties，Ocean narrative transitions from pure imagination to reflecting and satirizing reality in the strange、Relying on the author’s ideal，Reflects the characteristics of interweaving reality and fantasy。

　　bet365 free bets races:Marine culture and themes of Ming and Qing bet365 free bets

Facing the vastness、Mysterious Ocean，People often think "it is wide"，It’s strange，Intuitive feeling that it should be "big"，Under the influence of marine culture，Narrative literary works therefore have inheritance in subject matter and artistic style。Fantastic beasts of the ocean、Marine-themed types such as overseas exotic places and Poseidon beliefs，From ancient myths to Ming and Qing bet365 free bets，There are both inheritance and new changes。

For example，Imagination and exaggerated descriptions of the size of marine creatures are traditional themes in marine narratives，Kunpeng in "Zhuangzi Xiaoyaoyou" "doesn't know how many thousands of miles it is"，The huge thing in "Yanzi Chunqiu" "foot can swim in the clouds"，Back to the sky，Weiyan Tianxian，Leaping to the North Sea，The neck and tail are coughing in heaven and earth" etc.。This type of subject matter has developed into three types of bet365 free bets in the Ming and Qing Dynasties，First, a complete copy of the subject matter，That is, the original collection of rumors about large ocean creatures from previous generations；The second is the inheritance of themes，That is, descriptions of big things in the sea mostly come from contemporary rumors or the author’s personal experience；The third is transcendence in subject matter，That is, to a certain extent, reduce the animal characteristics of large creatures in the sea and give them personality。From complete copying to subject matter transcendence，Reflects the development of this type of subject matter from traditional notebook records to plot-rich and interesting narratives。

Another example，Marine culture obviously influenced overseas bet365 free bets with exotic themes during the Ming and Qing Dynasties，Such bet365 free bets flourished in the Ming and Qing dynasties，Short stories include "Hu Guo" in "An Introduction to Ancient and Modern Stories" and "Xing Tian Guo" in "Xing Tian Guo" in "Xing Tian Guo", which inherit the early marine narrative materials，There are also works such as "Yaksha Kingdom", "Rakshasa Sea City", "Dung Beetle City" and "Underwater Wonderland" that are obviously transcendent on the basis of inheriting traditional ocean narratives。Overseas exotic places in long chapter bet365 free bets are even more outstanding，Novel such as "Journey to the West", "The Popular Romance of the Three Treasures Eunuch", "Flowers in the Mirror", "As the Sayings"，Each of them depicts the colorful overseas world。

Again，Since the ancient mythological period，The confusion of the ocean、The magical color is consistent with the mystery of religion。"The Classic of Mountains and Seas" is called the "ancient witchcraft book"，The authors of natural history and supernatural bet365 free bets such as "Shen Yi Jing", "Ten Continents in the Sea", "Natural History" and "Records of Collected Relics" are mostly alchemists and Taoists，Buddhist characters such as Guanyin also appeared in Tang and Song Dynasty bet365 free bets involving the sea。With the rise of bet365 free bets about gods and demons in the late Ming Dynasty，It also produced several Buddhist and Taoist missionary bet365 free bets，Almost every film involves the ocean。

Many Ming and Qing bet365 free bets contain realistic elements in fantasy themes，"Anqi Island", "Pink Butterfly" and "Rakshasa Sea" from "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio"，"Lanfeng Island" in "Er Food"，"Jiang Shanren" in "Little Doupeng"，Novel such as "Immortal Island" in "Songyin Manglu" contains plots of encountering immortals，Belongs to the common fairy theme in marine narratives；"Yaksha Island" (from "San Gang Shi Lue")、"Human Bear" (from "Zi Buyu")、Novel such as "Sea Bear" (from "New Records of the Lantern") describes human encounters with Yaksha、Giant Bear、Horrifying scenes such as man-eating sea monsters，With the fantasy charm of traditional sea-related bet365 free bets。At the same time，These bet365 free bets have a realistic flavor，Reflects maritime trade during the Ming and Qing Dynasties、Marine Policy、Sea power、Haifang，Reflects the diplomatic relations between the Ming and Qing dynasties and Korea, Siam and other countries，With distinctive characteristics of the times。

It’s worth noting，After the late Qing Dynasty，New themes full of ocean flavor are constantly emerging in the novel。There were ocean scenes before the late Qing Dynasty、Marine Resources、Navigation activities、Ocean-related wars、Marriage、Novel describing overseas trade, etc.，Towards the late Qing Dynasty，These themes still exist，At the same time, along with society、New changes arise from the changes of the times，Endowed with new era connotations。There are also some more pioneering and innovative themes than traditional bet365 free bets，such as Yangguan、Navy、Chinese workers go overseas、Colonization、Ocean-related detective stories, etc.，These are unprecedented，It may be completely different from the traditional themes in the past。This is exactly the social reality of the late Qing Dynasty、Political Environment、The great changes that have taken place in ideological culture and living environment are directly or indirectly reflected in the novel，It is also an important manifestation of the extensive influence of maritime culture on late Qing bet365 free bets。

　The interweaving of reality and fantasy: maritime culture and the thought and art of Ming and Qing bet365 free bets

People’s feelings about the ocean during the Ming and Qing Dynasties，No longer just regard it as a vast and mysterious "another realm"。With the development of ocean knowledge and the evolution of the novel genre itself，Comparing the ocean narrative in the novel with previous works，Realistic elements are significantly enhanced。Reality in Western Ocean bet365 free bets、Adventurousness、Different emphasis on factors such as authenticity，The bet365 free bets of the Ming and Qing Dynasties often blend realism with coincidence、Among the concepts of strangeness and freehand brushwork，With a strong fantasy color，This style has already begun in ancient classical books such as "The Classic of Mountains and Seas"，It also sets the tone for future ocean narratives。

Maritime bet365 free bets of the Ming and Qing dynasties often embody the author’s ideals or opinions，The expression techniques also show diversified characteristics。There are "Four Travels" in the Ming Dynasty、"The Biography of Nanhai Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva's Origin and Practice", "The Complete Biography of Han Xiangzi" and other interpretations full of religious flavor、Tao Xuanjiao Novel，There are also bet365 free bets about gods and demons that contain the author's nostalgia for the present and the past, such as "The Popular Romance of the Three Treasure Eunuchs"，As well as "The Legend of Qinantang's Suppression of Japanese Pirates" with the theme of fighting Japanese invaders、Current affairs bet365 free bets such as "Liaohai Danzhonglu" and "Zhenhai Spring and Autumn" reflecting the battle of Liaodong in the late Ming Dynasty；The Qing Dynasty novel "Legend of Mirage" artistically reproduces the business life of the mid-Qing Dynasty、Customs administrative system and system，The descriptions of the tragic scenes of the Sino-Japanese naval battle in bet365 free bets such as "Shuo Japanese Legend" ("The Romance of the Middle East War") are almost realistic，Making readers feel like they are actually there、Excited heart。No matter whether the narrative of these bet365 free bets is fantasy or realistic，They always have the grandeur given by the ocean、Unique character full of adventurous spirit。

In the late Qing Dynasty，With society、Great changes of the times，The influence of marine culture on bet365 free bets has also produced unprecedented changes。The literati of the late Qing Dynasty had a deeper understanding of the spirit of marine culture，Liang Qichao once pointed out，The ocean can inspire the enterprising ambitions of coastal residents、Free Thought、Spirit of adventure and energy and courage，This is something that “land dwellers” find difficult to understand。This maritime cultural spirit is fully reflected in the bet365 free bets of the late Qing Dynasty，So that it has ideological connotation、Compared with traditional bet365 free bets in terms of artistic expression and other aspects，Achieving transcendence on the basis of inheritance、Innovation and breakthrough。

The influence of maritime culture on novel thinking in the late Qing Dynasty is reflected in at least two aspects，First, the novel uses the original meaning of sea boats or marine creatures to make comparisons，Used to illustrate the author’s dissatisfaction with the weakness and corruption bet365 free bets Qing government，And then promote anti-Qing ideas；Secondly, the novel contains the spirit of resistance against the invasion of China by overseas powers，For example, works such as "Overseas Buyeo"，Zheng Chenggong regained Taiwan, which was stolen by the Dutch colonists，Standing in the annals of history as a national hero。Key words，The novelist felt that China was bullied and ravaged by overseas powers in the late Qing Dynasty，At a time of national peril，Set your sights on the ocean，Speaking of this means that，To inspire people’s patriotic spirit，Reflects the author’s concern for the country and the people。

Marine culture is closely related to China’s destiny，vastness、Magnificent、The rich and mysterious ocean，Showing the boundless sea and sky in Ming and Qing bet365 free bets、Holding Treasures、Inclusive of all races、The art world of reality and fantasy。Follow this，On the one hand, it helps us be more accurate、Comprehensive understanding and research of Ming and Qing bet365 free bets；On the other hand，It can also provide new support and perspective for the construction of China’s marine cultural system。

　　(The author is the person in charge of the National Social Science Fund Youth Project "Research on the Influence of Marine Culture on Ming and Qing bet365 free bets"、Associate Professor, School of Liberal Arts, Jinan University)