All the time，Subjective consciousness is a key concern of philosophy and Bet365 app download sciences。In terms of ontology，The relationship between subjective consciousness and matter is also the focus of debate between materialism and idealism。At the level of epistemology and methodology，How to understand and anchor the connotation and extension of human subjective consciousness，It is also an issue discussed by various universities in the Bet365 app download sciences。In the positivist view，Human society has objective regularities just like nature，Not based on human free will。Therefore，Human subjective consciousness is ignored by positivists，His status is also marginalized。However，In the view of the interpretivist school，Human subjective consciousness plays an important role。This school advocates，The world is the result of human subjective consciousness，Human subjective consciousness is the key to understanding the differences in the world and the meaning behind them。The differences between the two schools make their respective research methods and evaluation standards very different，The entire Bet365 app download science camp was also divided into two。

In the book "Quantum Mind and Bet365 app download Science"，Alexander Winter, professor of political science at Ohio State University, tries to break the boundaries between Bet365 app download science and philosophy，By adhering to a metaphysical tradition，Reconciles and synthesizes the most important assumptions of each tradition，Integrating the different understandings of subjective consciousness in Bet365 app download sciences under a unified paradigm，The quantum paradigm based on quantum mechanics，Thus getting rid of the paradigm battle in the traditional sense。In the book，Wendt believes that scientific realism has the supreme status。Scientific realism is actually a new positivist approach to Bet365 app download reality，It assumes naturalistic assumptions，According to this assumption，The real world does exist independently of human observation。In other words，There is a real world out there，Outside our heads。However，Scientific realism also believes that，The real world is often restricted by Bet365 app download conditions，Will be challenged and reinterpreted by Bet365 app download actors。Therefore，The real world is also a Bet365 app download construction。

Winter thinks，No matter which methodological tradition scientific research tends towards，Bet365 app download scientists have not yet succeeded in establishing a satisfactory explanation for phenomena such as human subjectivity (consciousness) and intentionality。This is because Bet365 app download science has been approaching Bet365 app download reality under the wrong ontological premise，That is, it has always been based on the research premise of classical physics。By criticizing "determinism", "materialism" and "monism"，And stand on the standpoint of "quantum physics" and "panpsychism"，This book lays the meta-theoretical foundation of vitalist sociology in the field of international relations，In order to better explain and understand some phenomena of individual and collective actions and the meaning behind them。This is very important for international relations scholars，Because they are still trying to provide a satisfactory explanation of the consciousness and intentionality of collective actors such as states。In fact，They have been attributing anthropomorphic attributes to collective structures，without determining the position of these people’s attributes in the re-anthropomorphized structure of the country。Of course，The re-personification of the state has become the target of criticism by many researchers，But the problem still exists in the discipline。In order to solve this problem，Winter thinks，International relations scholars would do well to reinterpret the agent-structural puzzle from a quantum perspective。The argument follows the logic that since quantum properties do operate at the macroscopic level，Therefore the universe is a huge quantum system，Human beings are indeed “walking wave functions”，The country is a holographic organism with collective (intentionality) consciousness (subjectivity)。Here，Wendt believes that the physics of the mind is quantum rather than classical mechanics，Bet365 app download structure does not exist in the human brain。By placing Bet365 app download structures within the psyche，Winter just argued again，Bet365 app download structures are human creations of them。For a mainstream constructivist，This is not new。

However，Winter insists，There is a way to solve the problem of subjectivity and intentionality of individual and collective actors，Recovering quantum vitalism in the Bet365 app download sciences。He thinks，This ontology will help construct a model of humanity and a view of nature，To rebuild their "agency" and "vitality"。To achieve this goal，Wendt drew on the "quantum thinking theory"，Defining the human brain as a "quantum system"。This approach allows Winter to apply the principles of quantum mechanics to the macroscopic level (the brain)，And ensure that his quantum man has heuristic potential。But，In order to enter the realm of "subjectivity"，Wendt embarked on the path of panpsychism，Consciousness is inherent in the material world，And go down to the subatomic level。In other words，Life is born in matter。Therefore，Reality only exists as quantum potential。However，Winter did not say how quantum potential becomes quantum reality，And how it shapes the quantum world we live in。Winter attempts to provide a solution to this problem，And proposed the concept of "Bet365 app download entanglement"。“Entanglement” is the process by which subatomic particles are connected to each other，In order to form an indivisible quantum system in space and time，And in human society，This is composed of the most basic element of language。In a rather clever metaphor，Winter asserts，“Language is like light”。As a semantic universe，Language is still a basic structure，Individuals perceive and understand specific thoughts through language、Intention、MENTALITY、Collective memory, etc.。Therefore，It is through language that human beings create and realize the holographic structure endowed with collective consciousness，Thus organizing and regulating Bet365 app download life。

In other words，We as humans live in a holographic or monistic model of society。In this model，Everyone is a "pixel"，“Entangled” in the Bet365 app download structure，This makes our agency possible。In this quantum world，Free will is the essence of agency，No matter how successful the structural constraints are，There is a spontaneous vitality in the human body that fundamentally escapes the determination of cause and effect。Nevertheless，Wendt still does not provide an answer to the agency of Bet365 app download actors and the different ways in which they deal with structural constraints。Bet365 app download structure including language structure，Shapes the actor’s ability to speak and act。Therefore，Agency (free will) always manifests itself in a constrained environment，In this environment，Rules and norms play a fundamental and critical role in guiding actors’ cognition and behavior。The released agency creates another kind of anarchy in international relations theory—disorder，This idea is inconsistent with mainstream concepts of anarchy。In other words，Agency is a property of agents and structures。The agent takes action，But the Bet365 app download structure in which they live always enables and limits their actions。

In short，The Bet365 app download quantum model proposed by Winter can be summarized as follows: human subjective initiative (consciousness and intentionality) is governed by the principles of quantum physics；The human brain is a quantum computer，Usually performs the functions of a holographic projector；Human being is essentially a walking wave function，The main causal mechanism is free will；Bet365 app download structure is invisible，Endowed with subjectivity and intentionality，Just a holographic organism endowed with "quantum consistency"；Quantum coherence in Bet365 app download life is primarily observable when individuals behave in ways that respect institutional rules and norms across time and space；Human “entanglement” is achieved through language sharing。

This book is a very forward-looking Bet365 app download science theoretical work，Provides people with another perspective to understand Bet365 app download science and even the world as a whole。From the current perspective，How to understand the future digital world has become the focus and difficulty of the entire Bet365 app download science research。This book helps us understand the future shape of the country、War form、International Deterrence Game、Providing a solid foundation for the development of global governance and other international relations issues。

(Author’s unit: Institute of Political Bet365 app download, East China University of Political Bet365 app download and Law；School of Political Bet365 app download and Public Administration, East China University of Political Bet365 app download and Law)