Writing the history of national literature sometimes encounters difficult problems，Such as a writer from a country A uses literary creation with the text of State B，So the writer's work should enter the history of the literature of the national literature，Or does the history of literature in B.? In a country，A writer of A nationwide to write in the text of the ethnic nation，So which ethnic literary history should the writer's work enter? This has triggered an analysis of the national attributes of the writer's nationality or ethnicity and the ethnic attributes of the work。

 

Some scholars assert，The writer only describes his national life with his mother tongue，can be counted as authentic national literature，It does not meet this situation -such as the Chinese people in the language of the country to describe the life of C country，There is a lot of distance from the authentic mother tongue literature。Some scholars with more aggressive stances，These "non -authentic" writers should be fired from their national literary territory。Most writers tend to think，"Blood flowing out of the blood vessels"，Literature of the country's nation，is the gene engraved in the blood of the writer。For example, travel notes literature，No matter what you see，The author's national standard will not change。A British writer can write Africa，A Japanese writer can write Europe，Nothing will cause ambiguity。

 

So in practice，How do people do it? Typical bet365 Play online games examples of transnational and cross -language writing，You can give a novelist Joseph Conrad，1857-1924)。His original life Polish，I like to read French literature when I was young，After becoming a sailor of the British merchant ship，Nearly thirty -year -old naturalized Britain，about novel creation in English at the same time。He is considered one of the pioneers of modern British novels，Occupying an important position in the history of British novels。British readers and scholars do not think that Conrad is not a "own person"。Of course，When he mentioned him，Sometimes an introduction to "Polish British Novelist": Mark his origin，also affirmed his achievements in the history of British literature。

 

In multi -ethnic countries，Cross -ethnic cross -language writing is more common。In our country，Speaking of the literati who is famous for crossing the nation，Nalan sex is quite representative。"Chinese Encyclopedia"，"Nalan Sexual" entries say he is "the Manchu of the Qing Dynasty in China"，But his "ancestor was originally the Mongolian Tempore"。His status in the Chinese word industry，In the words of Wang Guowei，Is "since the Northern Song Dynasty，Just one person "，It can be described as extremely high，The impact is great。Conrad becomes a part of the development chain of English novels，Nalan sex becomes a part of the development chain of Chinese words，Explain that they are simply considering their national or ethnic groups to consider their literary history belonging，It does not meet the actual situation。but but，As far as the situation of Nalan is bet365 best casino games concerned，His word achievement，It is not related to his national origin。As Wang Guowei said: "Nalan Rongruo Rong Ruo from the eyes of nature，Tongue love with nature。This first entered Central Plains has not been dyed in the Han Dynasty，Therefore, it can be true。”

 

In my opinion，Chinese Word Education History Book Book Nalan sex virtue，Should be completely，He is a writer who "cross -in" to achieve the name of the name;，It should also be completely，He is carrying the cultural psychology and emotions of his nation to become a peak。Of course，The actual situation should be far complex。Professor Mi Yanqing's "Research on the Ancient Mongolian Chinese Poetry" (2021 edition of China Social Science Press) provides a lot of more lively literary materials and many detailed analysis and interpretation，Let readers not rarely cross -language intercourse in this literary history，With a closer understanding。Of course，The value of this book is far more than that。I don't want to comprehensively comment on the excellent and characteristics of the book，It's just a few points I am interested in this work，Send a little discussion。

 

rice is in "carpet -type cleaning" (all the citations that have not been injected are from rice) after Mongolian literati's Chinese creation information，Several interesting discussions are obtained。such as，Chinese creation of Mongolian literati in the Yuan Dynasty concentrated in the Jiangnan region and the Yuan Dynasty，The Ming Dynasty was mainly Beijing，The Qing Dynasty was a Beijing Division and the defense in various places。Visible，Cross -term writing is closely related bet365 live casino games to the social situation and livelihood of Mongolian literati at the time, as well as the activity area。

 

From the perspective of literary sociology and literary geography，There will be many interesting discoveries。In terms of the relationship between literary activities and social classes，According to statistics from Mi Yanqing，"According to the perspective of handed down literature，Kublai Khan family，There are three emperors，A prince，A prince and a princess 6 people left Chinese poetry "。Among the many Yuan Dynasty emperors，Wenzong Tujie Muhan's cultural level is the highest，Scriptures、Poetry、Painting and calligraphy are quite cultivated，Unfortunately not long，There are only a few poems in the world。

 

Although the existence Chinese works of the Mongolian emperor family are limited，But there are two points that can't be considered，One is the leader and demonstration effect of the emperor，For the Han Dynasty、Xi Hanwen's Mongolians said，Established a role model，This leading role cannot be underestimated。Another is the reality of social life at that time，Especially at the end of the Yuan Dynasty，Disaster Soldiers，Display from flowing，The original text of the Royal Mongolian Cheat "The Secret History of Mongolia" (scholars mostly think，It was originally written in the meter Mongolian text).，Not to mention the idle poem that has nothing to do with the country，Presumably it is lost，Less less。But from this small number of handed down poems，I can still see the status of the literary world at that time: literary communication between bet365 best casino games different ethnic groups，It's not a rare example。Non -Han literati，Through learning、imitation and emergence，In the creation of Chinese poetry，Gradually become a climate。

 

On the literary world in the late Yuan Dynasty，Mongolian literati is quite active，For example, "Gu Ying's Yaishan Cottage's Yaji，It is the most famous literati party in the late Yuan Dynasty，Once named Jiangnan。and the earliest participation，There is a Mongolian poet Tai Buhua "。This shows that the Chinese literary world was not like a platter at that time，Many small groups' respective activities，Instead from interoperability to blending -they more or less retain the cultural and artistic factors of the native nation，Incorporate personal artistic creation activities into the tradition of Chinese literature。Contrast the description of the spiritual and cultural style of the "Huahua" spiritual and cultural style of the people of the Western Regions "Huahua Test of the Yuanxi Region"，It can be seen that this big era background of this cultural integration。

 

In the entire Ming Dynasty，Chinese creation of Mongolian literati walks into the trough，"Limited to be available"，"Overall in the form of micro -condition"。but but，The way that the predecessor passed，Later generations will continue to go。There is a clear generation，Chinese literature activities of Mongolian literati flourish again。Mongolian great novelist Yin Zhan Nashi and his "First Floor" and "Weeping Red Pavilion" and other novels，It was created under the influence of "Dream of Red Mansions"。A large number of narrative literary works in the Central Plains region，bet365 Play online games In the Mongolian region, it is widely performed in the form of "book story"，Everbright loved。In short，The exchange of Menghan Literature is increasingly closer to the trend。Make rice climbing combing in the field of poetry，provides the academic circles with a full and full -bodied scroll like gongbi painting。

 

What needs to be pointed out is，Knowledge involved here，Don't say general readers，It is a professionals engaged in ancient literary research，I feel strange。According to Mi Yanqing，In the course of the development of ancient Mongolian poetry in China，Nearly 150 people who have created Chinese poetry (definitely more actual)，There are more than 10,000 poems left (I don’t know how many scattered scattered)。As far as the tradition of Chinese literature in history on the radiation and influence of the surrounding ethnic groups，This is just an interesting part of a large scroll。But this is the part，It can allow us to realize the power of literature。Great literature will definitely win the reward and respect of members from different cultural traditions。Great literary traditions will definitely be able to absorb the ingredients of different cultures，and achieve its greatness。Nalan's "Eye of Nature" and "Tongue of Nature"，This is this fresh ingredients。Although this kind of topic is "a geopolitical unit that is decentralized and edge，The author's team is inevitable "marginal"，Information is inevitable "fragmentation"，But it undoubtedly pointed to an in -depth understanding、The historical process of in -depth thinking。

 

(The author is a member bet365 Play online games of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、Director of the Institute of National Literature)