Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,General Secretary Xi Jinping repeatedly emphasized,Realizing the people of the people is always our goal of struggle。The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is even more "beautiful life",It is pointed out that the main contradictions in our society have transformed into a contradiction between the people's increasing needs of a better life and unbalanced and inadequate development。"Good Life" has become the highest goal of the people of the whole country pursuing and working hard to achieve。
Current,One of the most severe challenges facing the people's good life in my country,It is the aging population、Elderly、Breeding。At the end of 2018,There are 249 million elderly people 60 and above in my country,17.9%of the total population,Among them, the population over 65 years old is 167 million,accounting for 11.9%of the total population。to the middle of the 21st century,The total number of elderly people will exceed 400 million。How to guarantee and realize the total population nearly 1/3、The healthy and beautiful life of the elderly group with nearly 1/4 of the entire life cycle,Obviously it is the key and difficult problems that my country must face in the next 30 years。
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Current,Contradictions of restricting the beautiful life of the elderly in our country,It is mainly manifested as insufficient investment in pension guarantee resources in various regions,Pension service supply is relatively short。At the same time,There are large differences between different people,bet365 live casino games Including gender differences、Differences in urban and rural areas、Age difference, etc.。Overall,The contradiction between the elderly's longing and development of a better life,The point is to ensure the imbalance of imbalances under sufficient protection。So,my country still needs to further increase the investment in pension guarantee,Use more pension resources to ensure and promote the healthy and beautiful life of the elderly。,The current personal payment of the basic endowment insurance in my country's employees is 8%、16%of the company's payment; 2%of the personal medical insurance personal payment、Enterprise payment 6%,Total about 32%of the total salary。In the future, the space that hopes to increase the payment rate to support the expenditure of pension guarantee is relatively small。Under the condition of "unbroken old" and "unparalleled old" in our country,More importantly, optimize the efficiency of existing pension resources,Improve configuration and use efficiency,Strive to be more efficient、More continuously realize the healthy and beautiful life of the elderly。
The health promotion path of rational care, protection, and medical treatment
Pension guarantee expenditures mainly include pensions、Medical Insurance、Three items for care expenditures。Due to health problems and medical expenditures, it is mainly concentrated on the elderly,Medical Insurance、Growth of care and pension expenditure is synchronized。With the deepening of my country's aging,Raid、Protection、Three expenditures of medical rising sharply,Fund pressure continues to rise。As far as the health guarantee or promotion role is concerned,Pension、Care belongs to the front -end health protection,Medical belongs to the treatment of the end disease。So,Pension is mainly used Bet365 app download to meet the daily life expenses of the elderly and pay for medical expenses、care fee, etc.,More daily maintenance、Management and prevention; care expenditures include ordinary care in daily life,It also includes professional care services in the process of rehabilitation health,The focus is to maintain and improve the physical function and ability of the elderly; and medical insurance is a way to reimburse in expenses,Divide medical expenditure burden,Improve medical services can be available,Make the insured person get the after -after treatment、Rehabilitation。Visible,Raid、Protection、Medicine is a coherent organic body。Medical Nursing is the norm、Fundamental,Care is the basis,Medical is a guarantee,The three are to ensure the healthy and beautiful life of the elderly。So,Streaming in and obeying、Protection、Medical's health promotion path,helps improve the allocation and use efficiency of pension resources。
Promote the combination of medical care, take "support" and "protection" as the heavy
Whether it is the "old medical reform" in the previous decade,It is still the "new medical reform" in the past ten years,The focus of the allocation of resources to ensure the health of the elderly is on "Medicine"。Proof of facts,The health guarantee system with disease treatment as the core consumes more medical resources and medical expenses,But it is not ideal for improving the level of health,Even there are more universal excessive medical care、Inferred medical problems,Affects the benefits of medical expenses expenditure for the elderly in my country。
2014,The first time of the National Two Sessions proposed a "combination of medical care"。2017,The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China further emphasized "promoting the combination of medical care"。This bet365 Play online games indicates that in the reform of my country's pension system,The important role of "support" is gradually realized。Our series of research indicates,Raid、Protection、Medical three have a unique law of effect on improving the health level of the elderly and the level of pension resources,Its path、The effect is large。First,Compared with medical expenditures,Pension has more positive、Active health promotion function。Pension can also improve subjective health and improve physiological health through multiple channels。But medical expenditure and subjective health are negative,To slow down the disease、There is no significant contribution of severe illness and chronic diseases。2,Compared with medical expenditures,Care expenses help improve the quality of life of the elderly、Self -care ability,Then form a virtuous cycle。Care expenses can also reduce the incidence of minor disease in the elderly、Number of severe diseases、Number of types of chronic diseases。third,Pension and self -payment medical expenditure shows a U -shaped relationship,When the pension is lower than the inflection point value,Payment of medical expenditures increased with the increase in pensions,but after exceeding the inflection point value,Payment of medical expenditures will decline。And care expenditure with self -payment,When the care expenditure is lower than the inflection point value,The marginal effect of the care expenditure input is obvious,Can reduce the medical expenditure of self -payment。This shows that the economic performance of improving the expenditure of pension guarantee,First of all, to ensure a higher level of pension,Let the elderly have the power to improve living conditions,To improve your physical condition; improve the level of bet365 best casino games pension can also promote the purchase and payment capabilities of the elderly。At the same time,Early care service investment period,Start with daily life care and physical care,To better improve the physical condition of the elderly。
This can be seen,In the past, there was a loss of bias for "promoting health care"。"Medical" cannot promote "raising",Its health performance is mostly limited to "medical maintenance" and "support for medical support"。"Combination of Medical Nursing" can no longer be used as "medical" first,Instead, it takes "raising" and "protection" as the heavy,To achieve "promoting and promoting" and "promotion",Finally realized "Nourishment Medicine",to break the inefficiency and even invalid dilemma of the traditional health care service model。
"Healthy China" is not "Medical China"
Realizing the "good life" of the elderly has become a new understanding of my country's pension protection cause、New expressions and the highest level、The highest goal。But a good life does not want the elderly to spend more money to treat the disease、Use more medical insurance。"Healthy China" cannot be misled as "Medical China"。At the same time,Inadequate problems to solve the good life of the elderly,It can not simply increase the investment in pension resources。This requires following "Nourishing、Protection、Medical "inner logic,Optimized pension resource structure、Improve marginal output efficiency,Gradually shift to relying on pension、care and other methods,A beautiful life security system that effectively improves the quality of life and self -care of the elderly。
First,Optimize social insurance expenditure structure,More pension resources are allocated to the people in the form of pensions,Improving the ability to pay for health capital in the elderly,Purchase and use long -term care service、bet365 best casino games Increase nutrition and health investment、Rich culture and entertainment projects, etc.。Given that many elderly people are unwilling to spend their pensions、Dare to spend、No way to spend,To further broaden the ways of pension pensions to promote the health of the elderly,Rich and improve the elderly service system,Improve the professionalism of pension services。For the greater extent, give full play to the healthy performance and economic performance of pensions,You can consider changing the pension payment method from the current increasing survival annuity to a decreasing survival annuity。
2,Pay attention to the basic role of long -term care,Establish a long -term care system as soon as possible,Help the elderly turn from a new model from confrontation to disease to prevent disease。At the same time,Increase the intensity of early care services in the elderly,To achieve better health performance。
third,Optimized medical resource allocation and medical layout。The role of medical treatment is mainly to treat the disease,Make patients healthy,Reduce mortality,Extending life。So,The key to medical treatment is that patients can get timely treatment、Seek medical treatment in time,Effectively solve the problem of "difficult to see a doctor" for the people。From the perspective of the overall situation of our country,Compared to blindly increasing medical resources investment,The effect of optimizing the allocation of medical resources will be better。
Fourth,Focus on solving the imbalance of the good life of the elderly in our country,Guarantee women、Elderly elderly、Rural elderly、Live or institutional elderly people and other disadvantaged groups,Especially special elderly groups with these characteristics at the same time。For example,The elderly female elderly who lived alone in the bet365 Play online games widowed puppet,It is an extreme vulnerable group that needs to pay attention to and strengthen protection among all elderly people。
(This article is a major project of the South China Institute of Technology's fundamental scientific research business expenses to cultivate the "Research on the Research on the National Psychological Increase of Minsheng Public Service" (ZDPY201922)
(The author is a professor at the School of Public Management of South China University of Technology)
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