The generation of human capital theory，Separation of human capital and material capital，Especially affirming the key role of human capital in economic and social development，For society、Economy and the development of people have had a very profound impact。Sixty years of human capital theory in theoretical discussion and practice，It is moving from "education as the core" to "with ability as the core"，Open the chapter of new human capital theory in theoretical research and policy practice。

　　bet365 Play online games Traditional research framework is usually considered，Ability is the knowledge of economic value among the human body、Skills and physical strength。Due to the difficulty of measurement of ability，Economists pay attention to the economic performance of the individual's acquired，Education often simply use education as an agent variable of potential ability to explain and verify the economic function。They think that ability is the aliases of the concept of human capital，A manifestation of a manifestation of human capital。

With the deepening of capital research，Economists find that education may not bring higher productivity and higher income，Instead, it is the ability to be innate under traditional theory，Playing the core role in determining personal performance，Education can only measure the level of ability to some extent。With the development of modern neuroscience and psychology，The measurement technology for ability is becoming increasingly mature。In this background，Economists open a new human capital research framework with "ability" rather than "education"，Researchers can portray the diversity of human capital from a deeper level。Since then，Economists regard cognitive ability as an important layered mechanism in modern society，Rich research confirmed that cognitive ability has a significant impact on individual performance in social behavior。

　　Second, from a single dimension to multi -dimensional.In some studies in the concept of early attention ability，Document Land equivalent to cognitive ability (intelligence)。It is usually considered，The ability to be given in the labor market is the operation of the workers、Mind and reasoning cognitive ability，Limited attention to non -cognitive ability。In the estimation of the education return rate，Most studies believe that the omissions of abilities bias are cognitive ability，and the results of the cognitive test as their proxy variables。

With the in -depth advancement of experience research，Economists gradually discovered，Cognitive ability cannot fully explain that individuals are learning、Heterogeneous performance at work，Individuals with the same cognitive ability still have large differences in the later economic and social performance，More complicated ability structures covered by cognitive ability are more important for individual performance，and determine the performance of cognitive ability。In this context，Economists have begun to pay attention to and tap these unbelievable factors hidden behind cognitive abilities，and define these factors as non -recognition ability。Researchers began to incorporate non -cognitive capabilities into the economic analysis of personal achievements，Pointing on personality、perseverance、Motivation and charm are very important in success。A series of studies have also found that non -conscious ability bet365 best casino games is salary、Income、Health、Important prediction indicators for economic results such as crime and relationship，Even the influence of cognitive ability。

　　Third, from endowment to gene environment interaction.Early human capital documents will be inherently distinguished from the form of two -point method with ACQUIRED SKILLS，I believe that ability is the genetic endowment of genes。For example，In a series of research on human capital，Assume that the endowment of the ability is natural，Determined by gene genetic determination，It is not affected by the family investment strategy at all。But，The discovery of gene and environmental interaction theory，I believe that individual ability comes from genetic endowment，Also affected by the acquired environment。Different genetic endowments will cause individuals to show different performances in the social environment，and the experience experience of the day after tomorrow may also change individual endowment differences，Therefore, the next day's behavior combines genetic and environmental characteristics。

　　Fourth, from a single period to a life cycle.The theory of human capital in the past regarded the child's growth period as a single stage，This assumption means that the investment in the ability of the different stages in the life cycle can be completely replaced。and the new human capital theory launched the dynamic accumulation process of human capital under the perspective of life cycle，Put up the famous "skill self -production" and "dynamic supplement" hypothesis，that is, the formation of the initial skills can not only increase the ability to acquire skills in the next period，It can also increase the productivity of future investment，This means that the important degree of the ability to form the ability to form is different，The critical period for missing the ability to form，The cost of compensation will be very large。

Most studies are proof，Early life is the critical period of cognitive ability，The cognitive ability tends to stabilize at the age of 10，Therefore, intervention of cognitive capabilities before the age of 10 can achieve better results。Cognitive ability than cognitive，Non -recognition capabilities to create a long life cycle。Although the cognitive ability is longer，But the same as cognitive ability is，The return rate of early intervention is higher。

The theoretical framework of the new manpower capital bet365 live casino games is more prominently emphasizing the role of ability，Affirmed that non -cognitive capabilities are no less than the important position of cognitive ability in individual development。Candidate the individual life cycle with cognitive ability and non -recognition ability，Especially for the key period of external intervention in the early life of life，Explain the diversity of personal development for researchers，and the treatment of social and economic inequality provides new ideas。

　　(This article is the general project of the National Social Science Fund "Measurement of the spirit of the youth skills of youth skills、Study on the Research and Training System of Labor Market "(BFA200062) staged results)

(Author Unit: School of Labor and Economics, University of Economics and Trade University)