"Name"，Now usually refers to the name or thing of people、Name of the object。"Speaking of the Word" port: "Name，Self -died also。From the end of the mouth。Metrics，Mingye。Don’t see each other，Therefore, self -name。"" This interpretation is not easy to understand，The explanation of the descendants is more different。Ru Xu's "The Biography of the Speaking of the Words" said: "The name of the ancients'‘ life is the name is ’is also，This will mean。"Duan Yubai believes，Xu Shen's explanation.，Mingzhe，self -name also "。"Inscription"，This text is mostly "name"。The end of the deceased Ming Jing "" Model and Model "，The so -called "self -name"。The inscription of the production utensils is to "tell the virtue of its ancestors"，Putting the name of my own name。These "names" do not need to be added by gold。Because of "Ming" and "Name" Pass，So "Said the Words" does not accept the word "inscription"。But Zheng Xuan's "inscription" was interpreted as "engraved" during the scriptures;，Name also，Remembering its merits "; Lu Chen's" Word Forest "" Ming，Quotes Le also "，No Xu bet365 Play online games Shen said。(see Duan Yucai's "Note of the Words")

In fact，"Name" has multiple meanings in ancient times、Usage，One of them is "Mingtian"。"Ming Tian" was first seen in "Historical Records · Shang Jun Biography": "，Each of the named House。"" well known，This is the most important reform activity during the Warring States Period -an important measure of Shang Yang's reform。"Mingzun and Hynitorial Jue Grade" refers to Shang Ye to establish and improve the twenty -class jue system，To break the system of Shiqing Shilu，Re -build social level order。"Each of the Famous House with different times" is the standard for formulating the number of "names" in the "name" of the title of the title。

The meaning of "name"，"Historical Records · Pingzhong" contains Hanwu Yuanyuan for five years (before 118)，Salt and iron 丞 孔、Dong Guo Xianyang Suggestion: "Jia people have a city -friendly，and their families，Nothing to get the name of the fame，for farmers。"Sima Zhen's" Suo Yin "explained:" The Jia people have a city nationality，No name Oda also。"" Hanshu · Dong Zhongshu Biography "contains Dong Zhongshu to say:" Although the ancient Jingtian method is difficult to die，Should be less than ancient，Restrictions on the Ming Mingtian，Insufficient，The road of plug and both。"Yan Shigu Note:" Famous Tian，Zhan Tianye。Each is limited，Do not make the rich overwhelming，bet365 best casino games If the poor home is sufficient。"Du You" Tong Dian "basically copys the ancient note of Yan Shi。All three use "Occupy Tian" or "Occupy Tian" to interpret "Mingtian"。

About "Occupy"，"Hanshu · Zhao Di Ji"，Six years of Shiyuan (81 years ago) abolished the wine discussion system，Restore to take the rental system，"Lest the people to take the law for rent"，Selling wine for one liter for four dollars for rent。Yan Shi Ancient Note: "Occupation of self -hiddenness，Determine with his resignation。Occupy the chapter against。The name is the name，Its meaning and the same。Today is still the distinguished lawsuit，It also means。"" "occupation" is the actual quantity of self -declared wine，For taxation。Yan Shigu also said，The meaning of "occupying the name" and "rental" and the same meaning。"Hanshu · Xuandi Ji"，Three years of the ground festival (67 years ago)，Xuandi Xiayu recognizes Jiaodong Xiangxiang to recruit flowers，"The induction of more than 80,000 mouths"。Yan Shi Ancient Note: "Overseas，It is said that the famous account is also。"means that the people who are out of exiles take the initiative to go to the government，Re -register for the household registration，That is what I said today。"Chinese Dictionary" "Zhàn" class 1: 1。"Historical Records · Pingzhong": "Although there is no city nationality，Each of its own objects，Two money for two thousand Bet365 app download and one calculation。"Sima Zhen Suo Yin:" Press: Guo Yanyun 'Occupation，隐 ’‘。What is the hidden property，Officials sent to the book。"" 3rd meaning: "The number of self -reported accounts and settled for settlement。"The example of" "Xuan Emperor Ji" and Yan Shi Ancient Note。Actually the "occupation" synonyms of the two meanings，Its interpretation can also be polished further。

"Name" and "Occupation" are all declared to the government，To determine the obligations of power and responsibility。So，Shang Yang Reform "Mingzun Hynitorial rank level，Each of the Famous House with a difference "，It is to order the people to occupy the corresponding quantity of Tianzhai，and declare to the government by itself。But，Get this understanding but experience a long process。The information about the land system of the Warring States Period and the Qin and Han dynasties in the handed down literature is very scarce，Only the above -mentioned "Biography of Shang Jun", "Pingzhong", "Dong Zhongshu Biography" and other several strips，Discussion on the foundation of the Warring States Period and the land ownership of the Warring States Period for a long time。Lucky is，Sleeping Tiger Qin Jian since the 1970s、The unearthed materials such as Zhangjiashan Hanjian and other simple materials，It provides valuable information for solving the above problems。

Sleeping Tiger Qin Jian "Tian Law": "Entering 刍稾，With its number of receiving fields，No Reclamation bet365 live casino games and Uninvited，Enter 刍 刍、稾 Ershi "，The earliest revealed that Qin was still being implemented before and after Qin unification。Zhangjiashan Hanjian is a brief reflecting the history of the second year of the Han Dynasty from the beginning of the Han Dynasty (before 186)，Among them, there are many content about the land system，Especially the "Two -year Laws · Households" retain the complete regulations of the nickname Mingtianzhai。Si Kou from the half of the prisoner、Hidden officer to the non -jue of the public death、Shiwu、庶 to the 19th level of the twentieth grade Guan Hou，can be "name" 0.5 hectares, respectively、1 hectares to 95 hectares and the corresponding house。"Unfortunate death，Let the fields be selected later，The rest of Nai Xing。It is a man and a man wants to be a household，I thought it was Tian Yuzhi。It has been a former household and there is no land house，Tianzhai is not profitable，Get profitable。House is not comparison，No。"means: after the death of the household，"Later" means that the heirs (the eldest son of the first place is the first heir) can give priority to inheriting the Tianzhai，If there is any surplus，The state is given to others again。"Xing" is the meaning of the award。If the owner’s remains, if you separate the household，After inheritance of "After", you can also give priority to others inherit，But to reduce bet365 Play online games several as much as the title。If he has established a household，Insufficient number of Tianzhai，can be made up，But if the house is not adjacent，Can't inherit。"Household Law" 323-324 Jane: "Not a household、There is a named name with Tianzhai，and a famous land house，Both make the two years old，No official to enter Tianzhai County。Human House，Can be sued first，Except for the sin，There is (and) the name of the field，It is like a rule。"is the specific regulations on" name "，Not the owner、You Tianzhai also allows others to "name" for themselves，and "name" for others，All belong to illegal behavior，Two years of punishment，Confisca field。"Name" for others，If you are conscious，Report Unveiling，Not only can it be exempted from sin，You can also reward him with these field houses。

From Qin Shangyang's reform to Emperor Hanwen's abolition，Strict control of Tianzhai，Yitian House，Implementing field，But also allows the owner to pass through inheritance、Sale、Federation of wasteland and other means to obtain the Tianzhai corresponding to the jung position，And，After obtaining, you must declare to the country in time，This is the meaning of the "name" of "Famous House"，Determine the belonging of Tianzhai。This "name" is conditional、There are restrictions，Can't be regarded as all，but possessive。

(The author is a professor at the School of History of Nankai University)