Philosophy research is doing philosophy。How to do philosophy? American philosopher Robert Solomon has a detailed discussion in "Introduction to Big Questions: Introduction to Concise Philosophy"，He believes: "Philosophy is first reflection。It requires you to take a step back，Listen to the sound of yourself and others (including those big philosophers)，and try to understand and evaluate what you think and smell。Expressing your own philosophy is to say your thoughts as clear and thoroughly as possible。... Clear expression -words and sentences to clearly tell our thoughts -it is the primary step of philosophy。... Make a demonstration for your point of view。... by reflection、Clear expression and argument，Philosophy to help us analyze and criticize our thoughts，Help us integrate our views on ourselves and the world，Integrate it as an independent、Unified、Views that can defend it。"The theory of argumentation for Buddhist philosophy dependencies is the inferior。

　Bet365 lotto review

Aristotle's discussion on the relationship between logic and philosophy is found in its book "Credit"，The first volume of the book mainly discusses the basic type of speech (political speech、Ceremony speech and litigation speech)，Volume 2 mainly discusses the basic form of persuasion and argument (emotion、Character and rationality)，Volume III mainly discuss the style and layout of speech。From the perspective of Aristotle，Everyone will try to criticize or insist on a certain theory，Defense or sue others for yourself。This requires persuasion demonstration，Aristotle divided the persuasive argument from words into three forms for discussion，"The first is the character's character，The second is to make the listener in some kind of mood，The third type is the argument itself with the help of proof or surface proof "。The third type includes the "Example Law" and "Push theory"。Example method is an induction，Phase theory is also known as rhetoric three paragraphs，"Point out that according to the proof of many similar things, it is called induction method in dialectics，It is called the Example Law in the rhetoric。Given certain conditions，Release some of the other conclusions from these conditions and collate them，Generally or frequently，This is called the three paragraphs in the dialectics，It is called the theory of theory during the rhetoric "。and push the theoretical argument related to some themes，Including justice theory、Physics、Political Science and many different subjects。"There are two forms in the theoretical syndrome，A form is a proof -type，A form is a refutation ... proof -type push theory has introduced conclusions from recognized premise，bet365 best casino games Cute -type push theory has never been recognized as a conclusion。"The words taken from it indicate，The three paragraphs of the rhetoric discussed in "Rhetoric" in "Rhetoric" are the theory of justice、Physics、Disciplines such as politics and other disciplines，presents the nature of the tools of the three -stage theory。The research on the theory of the three paragraphs is in "Tool Theory"，For example, Aristotle "Tool Theory · Previous Analysis Article" said: "We must first explain the objects of our research and what science this study belongs to: the object it studies is proof，It belongs to the science of proof。Next，We want to give 'premise'、‘Words' and‘ Three -During theory ’definition，What kind of three paragraphs to explain are complete，What kind of three paragraphs are incomplete。Since then，We will explain to what sense in which it can be said to be or not included in another word item，We also have to explain that one word is completely referred to or does not refer to what the other word refers to what it means。"" Three paragraphs are purely formal arguments，"Three paragraphs are an argument，Among them, as long as certain assertions are determined，Some things that are different from them can inevitably be launched from such a determined assertion。The so -called ‘so determined assertion’，My meaning is what conclusions passes through them，means，You can draw the inevitable conclusion without any other words "。

In the history of western philosophy，Philosophy works in different periods have not changed logic as the concept of philosophy demonstration tools，For example, "Introduction to Big Questions: Introduction to Concise Philosophy" divides philosophy into metaphysics、Ethics、Identification Theory、Logic、Religious philosophy、Political Philosophy、Seven areas of aesthetics，The logic defines the logic as a study of the form structure of reasonable thinking and good argument。Discussion on the relationship between logic and philosophy，Jin Yuelin、Feng Youlan has already said this。Jin Yuelin said in the Report of Feng Youlan's "History of Chinese Philosophy" ":" I agree with Mr. Feng's words，Philosophy is the reason to tell the truth。But my opinion seems to be extreme，I think that philosophy is a prejudice that tells the truth。... see in philosophy，The most fundamental part of its theory，or assumption，or belief; strictly say it，Most of them are the thoughts that can never prove and counter -evidence for the time being。If a thinker must wait for this part of the thought certificate，Only admit that he was established，He cannot have philosophy。... the so -called ‘say a truth’ person，It is to organize the answer to each question。"Feng Youlan understands philosophy like this，"The existence of philosophy，Relying on people's thoughts and arguments。debate is debate with famous sayings。Philosophy is the principle of saying bet365 live casino games or writing。This is a debate when it comes to or written，So get this reason，Due to thinking "。"When we think about knowledge or talk about knowledge，Thinking、Talking itself is knowledge。In the words of Aristotle，It is ‘thought and thought’; thought and thoughts are the thoughts of reflection。"" I am，"Thinking", "Perspective", "Answers to Each question" is the idea of ​​reflection，Logic is a demonstration tool for reflection of thought。System researchers such as Professor Wang Lu of Tsinghua University，He set off from Aristotle Thought，Study "the essence of the problem and philosophy"，In the Chinese philosophy community, the "" One 'Is the Theory "academic seminar。Professor Wang Lu thinks，Two things left by ancient Greek philosophy: one is logic，The second is metaphysics。The essence of philosophy is research on priority cognition，，Not the philosophy of adding words (such as Chinese philosophy、Cultural Philosophy)。The relationship between logic and philosophy is: the essence of philosophy is logic (that is, logic is the content of philosophy)，Logic is a method and tool for philosophy (logic is philosophical argument)。

　Neiming and Yinming

As a Buddhist philosophy, Yingsheng settled in the discipline of Yinming，But it belongs to the field of Buddhism philosophy，It is a branch of Buddhist philosophy。The book "The theory of the Yogis" ("Dazheng Tibetan" of the Indian Mahayana Buddhist Yoga thought "、Yin Ming、Statement、Medical Fang Ming、Five Mings of Industrial Ming Dynasty，In the text of "Smell the Land"，Neiming refers to: "Yun He Nengming? When Zhi Zhi said from four phases: a、Establishing phase of things，2、Establishing phase of the establishment of the difference，3、from the sanctuary，4、From the Buddhist Institute, it should be known for。"The four categories here are scriptures、Law、Theory、Concept of Fame，Buddhist meaning，All the doctrines that the Buddha should know。Yin Ming refers to: "What is the place of Yunyin?。What is this Fuyun?论 Dragoning South said: On the body、Division、On the argument、During the solemnity、On negative、Discussing off、On many ways。"This citation tells the nature of Yinming、Where to debate、How to debate、Requirements to the argument、What argumentation errors and debate skills are available。The role of Yinming is the Bodhisattva to become a Buddha for the Buddha，Holding Yoga in the first place，Is a stronger，How to increase strength? "Because the theory of Ming Dynasty also rotates，One shows that he destroys the victory of him，The two show the exemption of his victory。"" Chen Na's book "Zhengli Gate theory" ("Dazheng Tibetan")，"Turbish" is the inner Ming，"Righteous Gate" is the door to enter the right，is Yin Ming。The text structure of the "Release theory" referred to as the law also reflects the integration of the philosophy of Buddhist bet365 live casino games philosophy，Master Ruzun said: "The theory of interpretation" is the theory of French theory to explain the righteousness of Chen Na Bodhisattva's "The Theory of Setting Astimores"。The content is divided into four grades: first，Self -righteous comparison product，Explanation of the argument that the derivatives are the necessary conditions for quantity and intelligence (reason, etc.)。Second，Rapid products，Explanation of the Bulletin of "Collection Theory"，Established Rulai as the quantification of the world。third，presents，The current volume is the basis for the comparison amount，Definition of the present product for this product、Differences and current quantity。fourth，His righteousness comparison，Loss of the Energy Establishment of Guang Shi Energy，Speaks the convenience of making others cited the incompleteness。”

Understanding of Yinming naturally cannot be separated from Buddhist philosophy。In fact，Many big virtues、Scholars' research is also based on Nei Ming and interpreted Yin Ming，For example, Han Pure's "The Section of Yoga Divine Sentences · Ji Ji Ji Ji Ji Ji Ji Ji Ji Ji" is released in the "Meter" of the "only to take it". " : Here is a metaphor。If the drug is used, it has been used，When it is changing，Name of talent。Disease loss，Disease loss，Growth Anle，It is dependent on the name of the name。When I know this，The color of the medicine、Xiang、taste、touch，Take it for it;，It can take it;。When the disease is not healed，This medicine should be thought about the name of the disease; if the disease has healed，This medicine has been thinking about the name of the disease;，Therefore, not the present amount。"Demonstration of quantitative features" If the realm can depend on the establishment of a realm "。San: "If the realm can take it for the establishment of a realm:，This is the realm。From all kinds of thoughts，This name is taken。Yoga，In the realm of Samadhi，From all kinds of thoughts，An Li Zhuxiang thinks that it is destined，Therefore, I want to establish a realm for the establishment of a realm。The situation is to be born in accordance with the party，Therefore, the name of the other is dependent on。"In the eighth interpretation of" Local Bodhisattva Land Holding the Eighth Herbal Sexual Products "，Solution "Foreign Theory" and "Due to Ming" means: "There are three kinds of external theory: here is the reason for the reason，It is said that the virtual pushes of the foreign way of the virtual extension of the Dharma。Sound theory，It is said that Brahman's evil 呪 呪，Only with sound is the reason。Medical Dharma，That is the theory of foreign medicine。Expressive theory has four theories。These three types today，That is the next three，If you should know。"" Due to Ming Divine also transit: This is the first phase，It can break his ancestors。Board，means that it can be known to know。"Yinming" interpreted here is one of the thought bet365 Play online games content of the yoga faction，And in terms of Neimen。

Similarly，In "Tibetan"，"Yin Zhengzheng Gate" has Ouyang's "Syrian" and Lu Yan's "collation instructions".。If Ouyang actually has no ratio: "I realize myself，Salt Gui，Pure Interest，Non -Mixing。"Speaking of Yin Ming:" There is a question about what is the matter? The first righteousness should be said: the only one to become a section。What is the body? The second righteousness should be said: just do not leave each other。What does it work for Ming? The third righteousness should be said: but just take it。Due to the decisive track of Ming? The fourth righteousness should be said: it is convenient to make breaks。Learning of Yin Ming，That's it。"Lu Yan" "Instructions for the Law of the Law of the Ming Dynasty" is divided into a translation school、Category and engraved school description，Among them, the translation of two different books: Tibetan Golden Armor and other translations of the "Research Research Interpretation" quotation (Golden Ben) and Tibetan Baozhu Guide (Treasure Ben)，Tang Yijing's "The Division of the Mind of the Ming Dynasty" is the first paragraph of the translation of the book;，Cuttering，Create text。Ru "Another Fa is the same as that of the other，For this, the present amount、Equipment of violations "sentences" Note "is:" The two books of this sentence, two meanings, means that there is a law to establish another law，Dedication for this illegal office。"" There is no ideological input that breaks away from Neiming。Luo Shixian's Buddhist philosophy "Constellation Fang Fang" is divided into four parts: "front -guide", "Zhuxing", "True Like", "Solution"，History of "Pre -Director"，"Zhu Xing" talk about the current、Seeds and Yuansheng，"True Ru" speaks true as the line、Syndrome True and other content，"Solution" in "Solution" is the method of understanding consciousness，is "quantity theory"; "line" is the practice method。"Quantitative Theory" is divided into "preface", "current volume", "to compare the amount of self -comparison", "comparing the amount for him", "the amount of the ratio",，This and "Introduction to Big Questions: Introduction to Concise Philosophy" as one of the seven areas with family similarity。

　Buddhist philosophy demonstration and Buddhist philosophy

Buddhist philosophy as a Buddhist philosophy demonstration，Buddhist philosophy demonstration is the application of Mingming in Buddhist philosophy，That is to demonstrate Buddhist claims by explanation and its rules，Tool value presentation of Yinming，If it is said to be the philosophy of Buddhism, it is what Yin Ming，This is Yin Ming，Like speaking logic and logic。A lot of Buddhist philosophy works by Yin Ming，Such as "The Demonstration of the Fate of the Guanzhuan", "Mahayana Palm Treasure", etc.，In Yinming in these works is just a tool。How to use the study of Buddhist philosophy using the study of the rules of the rules，Ouyang did not have a bet365 live casino games good demonstration in "The Interpretation of the Realm of the Institute"。"The theory of Fate of the Institute" is Chen Na's conscious work，"The Realm of the Fate of the Institute" is the interpretation of the protection of the law of "The theory of the Fate of the Institute"，"The Interpretation of the Realm of the Fate of the Institute" is an interpretation of Ouyang。"The theory of Fate of the Guanzhi" is mostly theory of the fate of three theory demonstrations，"The Demonstration of the Fate of the Guan Sheng" is the idea and criticism of his faction for the sake of the rules and the fate of the fate。"The Interpretation of the Demonstration of the Fate of the Institute", the classic corresponding text of the classic corresponding text of "The theory of the Fate of the Institute"，Interpretation of Ouyang Jian，The interpretation method is，First list a paragraph of "The theory of the Fate of the Institute"，Then list the interpretation of "The Demonstration of the Fate of the Institute" in sections，Finally author gives his own understanding，Its interpretation is still based on the theory of Yinming。Even by Yinming, this is interpreted to the end in Naoming，instead of Yin Ming。Same，"The Recognition of Cheng Tuzhi" is an ethics annotation written by the peeping base，Because there is no innovation in the theory of Mingming。

Today's argumentation of "Mahayana Candida" ("Dazheng Tibetan") The argument of "inaction" as an example，To explain。

　　No truth，Can't afford it，Like an empty flower。Among them, Jianzong Li words，That is, "True Sex" must be simple，Should know as before，True nature is true，Non -world。Non -reason，Saying Nameless，Turn the right thing to do nothing，is the void、Select、non -choice and true nature，It is said that the method of removing the law before，First explicit enlightenment。"Void Empty" is easy to open for a reason，Only empty、No obstacles，The world is famous for void。From this is the door，Wujin's remaining emptiness，That is what the world knows void，True hometown、No facts，is the name Lizong。This is the standing，It is true、Void。Erzong may not be up for a while，or pseudo is not to afford the reason，Said the name。Empty flowers are authentic，I can't afford it，Standing as the same metaphor。Not to mention covering the foreign products as different metaphors，Should know as before。How can Yun establish a ratio? It is just true void、No truth，I can't afford it for a while。All the people who are not affordable 愚 同，It has nothing to do with sex，It's like an empty flower。This is not the cause of the cause of this place，A slight name，Fuyou due to the reasons:、Can't do it、No destruction，Wait for the cause，Can cover what you say nothing。That's why，If all of them are for the cause，If you say: Ru Dang keeps this crisp，Do not make Wu closer，In order to make the absence of non -destructive pollution，It should also cover the cat、Rat and other categories。

Bet365 app download Text thinks，In Li Zong's "inaction and no reality"，"Inaction" and "No Truth" is the method of making the enemy (enemy: secular).，The inaction is aimed at the fact that there is a doctrine in the previous way，In the four non -Main -in -law methods, only the "void" method is not true;，Zong for the enemy's opposition，Follow the rules of Lizong。Because it is "not affordable"、The same product is "empty flower"，Do not violate the cause、metaphorical rules (that is, reason rules)。The rules of Yinming here here，All in "The Division of the Masked Gate";，instead of explaining the theory of Yinming; this is just a strategy of demonstrating Buddhist philosophy (mid -view thought) in three discussion rules，It means that Buddhist philosophy needs to be clear for the sake。

Carry out the construction of Buddhist logic disciplines，We need to deal with Yinming and Western logic、The relationship between Yinming and Neiming，Our conclusion is because it is not Western logic，Yin Ming is not inner Ming。Researcher in Yinming, as a context of modern Chinese，We are using the current way of thinking (should be Western logic) to write ancient Indian Indian Yinming theory，Our first task is clear、Accurate、Express the text content concisely，Do field in the text，Except "Passion with Knowing" (Chen Yinque: "Gai Gu wrote the book and says，All do it; so the environment where it is located，Background，Non -clear，The doctrine is not easy to comment。... the so -called true understander，Memories of Bi Shen Tour，Ancient people who speak with Li，In the same realm，But the theory of its theory is so hard and lonely，Table of sympathy，I can criticize the doctrine of their doctrine，The theory of no decentral skin。"") Do n’t have any other way。

(This article is the National Social Science Fund's unprecedented "unauthorized" major research special project "Tang Dynasty and Buddhist Research Research" (18vjx038) phased achievement)

(Author Unit: Institute of Logic and Cognition of Sun Yat -sen University、Philosophy Department)