Bet365 lotto review

Liu Yiman:My academic experience is relatively simple，After graduating from Peking University in 1962,，I and Liu Jinshan admitted to the graduate student of the Institute of Archeology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (now the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)，Four years of academic system，The mentor is Mr. Xu Xusheng。Mr. Xu had more social activities at that time，There are scientific research tasks，No time to give us a lecture。He arranged some ancient literature，such as "Zuo Zhuan", etc.。After graduation，I stay at the Institute of Archeology。

1972，Only Anyang、Luoyang and Xi'an are conducting archeological excavations，I took the initiative to ask for Anyang，I hope to go to the field to exercise myself。I arrived in Anyang in 1972，Participate in Xiaotun south excavation，The harvest is very abundant，About more than 5,000 pieces of resignation。Later, we transported these oracle bones to Beijing，Establishment of Oracle Oracle Type Group for finishing。Two volumes of books were released from 1975 to 1980，Three volumes in 1983，All five volumes of "Xiaotunnan Ground Bone"。After 1983，I will return to Anyang to continue discover，another batch of oracle bones were found in 1991，This is the famous garden Zhuang East Bone Bone。Later, I and Cao Dingyun co -organized this pit oracle bone，until 2003，Published "Yinxu Garden Zhuang East Bone" (6 volumes)，From excavation to publishing book，After 13 years。My work since then is mainly engaged in the compilation of Oracle。

　"China Social Sciences": You originally engaged in archeological work，Why did you turn the main energy to Oracle research later?

Liu Yiman:This is an opportunity。We are learning field archeology，I also engaged in field excavation in Anyang。A accidental opportunity in 1973，Farmers take the soil by the side of Xiaotun South Village，I found a few pieces of oracle bones，Report to us。So，The Institute of Archeology decided to dig in the south of Xiaotun Village，I was 32 years old，I participated in the excavation。Excavation of that year，In 123 ash pit (cellar)，There are 59 unearthed oracle bones。It can also be considered luck，The number of oracle bones on the 24th pit I excavated，There are more than 1300 pieces，Among them, the word oracle 1251 tablets。At that time, I didn't know much about Oracle，Because we have little ancient text in college。After I discovered these oracle essays，It was attracted by these ancient words，Interest。

bet365 live casino games The conditions at that time were very difficult，Workstation in the countryside，Frequent power outage，In the evening, we will carefully observe these oracle bones under the kerosene lamp，Copy copy。Let's put a piece of paper under the oracle bone，Draw its outline first，If there is a word above，Just according to the location of the word，Stroke on paper according to paper。finished words，There were a lot of at that time I didn't know，There are some books in the archeological team，Like "Oracle Code"、Guo Moruo's "Ci Cong Tong" and "Editor of Yin Qig"、Chen Mengjia's "Summary of Yin Ruins", etc.。Let's check these books， Learn slowly，Take this as an opportunity，Gradually understand Oracle。

Of course，If you do not continue to sort out later，I don't necessarily study Oracle。This batch of oracle bones were transported back to the Archaeological Institute，At that time, Mr. Hu Houxuan, the Institute of History, edited "Oracle Collection"，He wants to collect these newly unearthed oracle bones。Because it is something I discovered by myself，We want to organize ourselves，Director Xia Yan also supports，Let's set up a Oracle Clearing Group to organize these oracle bones。Through learning、Organization、Publishing Book，I gradually understand the content of Oracle，I prefer Oracle，This is on the road to Oracle research。

　　"China Social Sciences": What are the results of your Oracle research? What are the characteristics of the research method?

Liu Yiman:Because I am studying archeology，I mainly follow the road of archeologists to study Oracle。Many scholars who have studied Chinese or history in the past often focus on the interpretation text，Interpretation from the text itself，As a word，Its Oracle Wing、Golden、What is Xiaoyan，How does it mean，From text、Training 诂、Study on Yin Rhyme。Because we are studying archeology，Lack of training in this area，But our advantage is the physical object unearthed from scientific archeology，The carrier and relic status of these oracle bones unearthed，Study these texts from the perspective of archeology，Study the staging of oracle bones。The chapter of "Research on Yinxu Archeology and Oracle Studies" is arranged like this。Chapter 4 of the book has more than 80 pictographs、The word "。Because of the artificial characters of the Shang Dynasty，Especially pictographs、The word "，It was based on the characteristics of things that existed at that time，So we can follow the ruins、Rites to better understand the structure and meaning of these words。For example, we found a new word，Is a circle、There are three short oblique lines around，What is this? It's not easy to explain。Several special jade tadpoles unearthed in the commercial tomb excavated in Yinxu，A good tomb also produced one piece，Near circle，There are three sets of teeth protruding from the edges，There is a round hole in the center，It is very similar to this word，Let's combine the content of Bupu，This word is interpreted as "璧"，I think it is a portrayal of the tooth -shaped。This view，Get the recognition of the oracle scholarship。

Oracle records some sacrifice methods，Rujie Festival、What is the sacrifice? Let's discover the site，A many people who have been cut off in the worship pit in Wangling District, Northwest Gang Gang，There are also pits that are single -buried，This is the remains of the sacrifice; some sacrifice pits have burned millet、Mo cloth、，This is the trace of the sacrifice; there are some traces of disintegration。Through these, you can well understand the sacrifice method recorded by Oracle records。Use the ruins discovered by archeological、Research Oracle text is also an effective method，We can better understand the meaning of these words at that time，This method is also a different face。

About Oracle staged breakdown，It is an important question in the research of oracle science，Some different views in the academic world，We and some scholars also have different opinions on some issues。They often discharge type types first，Break off for a period of time。We think we should based on the stratigraphy relationship of archeology，Because oracle bones are also a kind of cultural relic buried underground，It was unearthed through archeological excavation。We need to understand the cultural layer it buried，If at the bottom，Early in its era，If it is pressed on this layer，It is a little late。Another，Oracle is often buried in the cellar，Cellar has the same utensils，For example, pottery，The shape of the pottery device changes faster，Bronze wares change slowly，Archeology generally uses the change of pottery shape as an important criterion for a generation。So，We can base the ground relationship、Together with the utensils to determine whether this pit oracle bone is early or late。

For example，Yinxu archaeological workers divide Yinxu culture into four phases，There are some differences in the shape of each pottery，We are staged in staging according to the strata relationship and pottery shape of each excavation unit。If this pit is from the Wuding period，Buried oracle bones must be the period of Wuding or earlier than Wuding，It cannot be Emperor Yi、During the Emperor Xin's period，It is not possible to be Kangding、Wu Yi、Wen Ding's period。Of course, there may be early pit in the late stage、Mid -term relics，But the early pit must have no late relics。I published an article to explore the oracle bone of Wuding's previous，First of all from the relationship、Find the pit earlier than Wuding，Then analyze the oracle text in the pit，Analyze its content，Find out the oracle bone of Wuding early。Content of Bet365 app download Based Relationship Based on Ploor Relations，Analysis of multiple factors，This is only meaningful for a staging disconnection。2020，Chang Yuzhi of the Institute of History published a monograph on the "Yinxu Oracle Broken Agency Standard Evaluation"，I have carefully sorted out the history of the oracle disconnection study of Yin Ruins for more than 100 years，She thinks that the method of classifying the font first is unable to do it，Special emphasis on the most important role of archeological strata in the study of oracle breakdown。

We are engaged in Oracle research，It must attach great importance to relevant archeological information，If the body of the Oracle or the golden text of the Shang Dynasty。The remnants and Oracle of the carriage of the carriage in the car and horse pit were excavated、Golden Words combined to compare research，can better understand the structure of the car words。Another，You can also use Oracle to study the installment and age of the site。For example, the famous woman's good tomb discovered by Mr. Zheng Zhenxiang，There are more than 400 pieces of bronze in the 1928 cultural relics unearthed，Among them, more than 200 gifts。About the age of this tomb，The academic community has different views。A view of an opinion，The bronze wares unearthed from a woman's tomb are some late era，For example, the unearthed mother -in -law Xin Ding is similar to the mother -in -law system unearthed in the early years。Because in the province, I have verified that the mother -in -law Wu Ding was the period of the Wending period，And the first phase of Oracle is the Wuding period and the fourth issue of Wu Yi、There are good names of women during the Wending period。Therefore, some famous archaeologists believe that the era of women's good tombs should be Wu Yi、Wen Ding's period。

Another view of view，Although there are good names of women in the two different periods of Oracle，Maybe the same name。There are more than 200 tablets of this type of oracle，Discussion on the era and content of these oracle bones。Volting ratio analysis，These scholars believe that the Women's Heri recorded in the resignation once led the soldiers to fight，Host sacrifice、Divination and fertility and many activities，It shows that she has a close relationship with Wuding。Only the cultural relics unearthed from a woman's tomb can match the above -mentioned resignation。Many weapons have been unearthed in the tomb，One of them is a large pair of large copper 钺，Copper 钺 is a symbol of military command。This proves that the woman's good tomb should be the tomb of Wuding，Woman is a spouse of Wuding。So combine Oracle and archeological materials for research，Not only can you solve some problems of Oracle，It can also solve some problems of the archeology of the Shang Dynasty。

　　"China Social Sciences": accurately interpret Oracle can solve important historical problems in ancient ancient China，You can also better understand the close relationship between the development of Oracle and Chinese civilization。

Liu Yiman:There is a close relationship，Because the Oracle has a lot of ideas and cultures, it does reflect the tradition of Chinese civilization。For example, from the perspective of Oracle Word，Ancient artificial characters are really full of wisdom，He can draw the main characteristics of things。"Elephant" and "Deer" are pictographs，Oracle Highlights the long nose，Holding the feet of the deer。"豕" is pig，Its belly is fat，Tail is hanging、Short; "Dog" is a dog，It is a thin abdomen，Tail upper lift。This is the overall pictograph。In addition, some are the features of the local part of things，Like cattle and sheep，The direction of the corner is different。This is also the case for the words。means，The artificial characters of our ancestors are full of wisdom，Be able to summarize the main characteristics of things，So this is great，Reflect that the Chinese nation has rich creativity since ancient times。Our text has been circulated from Oracle，such as the word "day"，From Oracle、Golden、Xiaoyu、Lishu to regular script changes slowly，It can be passed to today。So General Secretary Xi Jinping said，For more than 3000 years，The structure of the Chinese character has not changed。

　　"China Social Sciences": This reflects the inheritance of Chinese culture、The historical tradition of the long flow of Yuanyuan。

Liu Yiman:Calligraphy of Oracle，For example, we can see from our "Complete Works of Chinese Calligraphy · Oracle Bone Book"，Oracle is very beautiful，Its fonts are straight with pen side，Seeing angle、Strong and powerful; some use a round pen，curved arc，The strokes are quite smooth，is the rigidity and soft lining。Its line is also very beautiful。We believe that Oracle is not only a practical text，Some are also artistic，It is transported from the pen、Body and chapters pay attention to changes。So the Chinese nation is also a beauty、Artistic nation，This is the case since ancient times。

There are a lot of sacrifice in the Oracle Bone Wing，Reflect that more than 3,000 years ago, the Shang Dynasty admired the ancestors，The Chinese nation respects the ancestors and loves Zong、The traditional thoughts of chasing the far away from the end of the world are passed down from Oracle。Many overseas Chinese travelers have to return to China to visit relatives、Seeking roots and asking ancestors，This kind of respect for the ancestors，It has been penetrated into the blood of everyone of the Chinese nation。

From Oracle to modern Chinese characters，The important thing is the unity of the country in China、National Fusion、Multi -ethnic harmonious coexistence also plays a very big role。China is so vast，Different local dialects，But we are all Chinese，Chinese characters，Everyone agrees with this，bet365 best casino games This is very important for maintaining national unity。

　　"China Social Sciences": Research on the fusion of ancient literature and archeology can enrich the understanding of Oracle。Please talk about how to better promote the development of Oracle?

Liu Yiman:How to continue to promote Oracle research and development? I think it can be further carried out from these aspects: First, continue scientifically sorting the Oracle materials。The materials announced before，Some published porn，Some publish books，Some add an interpretation next to the pad or copy。"Yinxu Garden Zhuang East Ground Bone" is a pioneer、copies and photos (color photos)、Interpretation、Index Five -State Published，This book publishing Oracle is very comprehensive。So，These reciprocal books that are reorganized now also adopt multi -directional methods to publish oracle bone information，Not only a pioneer，The need to copy the copy，There are also color photos，and color photos are taken from different angles, etc.。Comprehensive announcement of these armor information，It is conducive to people to study from different angles，Some specialized text，Some specialized divination methods，Look at the drilling form of the oracle bone。These are more scientific methods。The second is the work，Research on Oracle morphology is also strengthening。Professor Huang Tianshu and his team except do spelling work，Also uses morphological research Bujia、The form of the bone。Third is the identification of biology of oracle bones，In the past, some scholars have done turtle species for identification。In addition, there are many divinations for divination with bull scapulas，I have advised them whether they use buffalo or oxen，What is the age of the cattle，This requires the use of natural science to do DNA identification，This has a deeper understanding of why we study using these materials。I haven't done these jobs yet，I hope that some scholars will do such a work in the future。

　　"China Social Sciences": combined with natural science and modern technology can better promote the scientific development of Oracle research。

Liu Yiman:Oracle Tools Book，Like "Care Category", "Oracle Word Forest"，There was no computer when I did it at that time，All copy card，Very slow，Including our index，Check one by one word，Volume card，Very laborious。Now use computer digitalization，Just use big data、Cloud platform to do，This has been set up since 2016，Among them, there are 10 sub -topics，Popularly speaking，is "Let Oracle Put in the Wings of Modern Technology"。Digitalization is very good，Save a lot of complicated labor。Enter these oracle bones into a computer，Oracle's test interpretation is also lost，Check a word now，How many words are there，There are several different glyphs that can be found quickly。For example, there are many different ways and entries in the word "翌"，These Oracle prototypes，Corresponding to the glyphs of modern Chinese characters，Retrieval is very convenient，Now there are Oracle databases。Another，You can use a high -precision camera to better look at the handwriting of the text carving，then identify。Also uses computer to fight oracle，I have done some，There are many jobs to do。

　　"China Social Sciences": What are your expectations and suggestions for young scholars engaged in Oracle research?

Liu Yiman:People who study Oracle are indeed more than in the past，This is also a gratifying phenomenon。I hope they engage in this job，First of all, deepen the love of Oracle。Like the understanding of Oracle meaning about the meaning of Oracle in General Secretary Xi Jinping，Why is it the root of Chinese excellent traditional culture? Why is it so important?，You can prefer it、Love it，Research is even more motivated。If you think this is a task，You may not have much enthusiasm，And you like it，You have motivation，willing to study well，Learn well，It is easy to make results。

Next，I think young comrades study Oracle to lay a good foundation。For example, learning text、Literature、Many knowledge of Yin Yue science; understand archeology，Contact oracle body，This is also very important; the history of the learning dealers，Natural Science、Comprehensive knowledge in computer and other aspects。Research on Oracle Word，Thinking will be more open。

Another，I think I still have to persevere。It takes a long time to study the ancient text to achieve results。Because you need to read a lot of books，There are too many books in the past，It is the key book，It takes a lot of time。So，To calm down and read a good reading，Take a cold bench，Tolerance to loneliness，Perseverance to do this，Only achieved results。