Recently,The final review and appraisal meeting of the National Social Science Fund’s major project “Collation and Research of bet365 code Inscriptions Collected in Shandong Museum” (14ZDB055) was held in Beijing。This project is headed by Song Zhenhao, a researcher at the Institute of Ancient History, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,The person in charge of the sub-project includes Sun Yabing, a researcher at the Institute of Ancient History, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、Yu Qin, Director of the Painting and Calligraphy Department of Shandong Museum、Zhou Kun, Librarian of Shandong Museum, etc.。Project team members in the past eight years,Work together,Completed all expected tasks。
This project is jointly undertaken by the Shandong Museum and the Research Center for Oracle Bones and Shang History of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences。Since the project was established in 2014,29 scholars from 6 units have participated in the project。This project mainly conducts comprehensive sorting and research on the bet365 code materials collected by Shandong Museum,Compiled a collection of "bet365 code Collection in Shandong Museum" that integrates academic research and documentation,Actively promote in-depth research on Chinese bet365 code science。Shandong Museum collects more than 10,000 Yin Ruins oracle bones,Mainly from Ming Yishi、Bergen's、Luo Zhenyu、Wang Huitang、Sun Wenlan and other famous collectors。When Guo Moruo edited "bet365 code Inscriptions Collection", it collected 1,400 pieces,Liu Jingting compiled "Collection of bet365 code Ink Rubbings from Shandong Provincial Museum" recording 1970 pieces,There are more than 7,000 oracle bones that have not been published and recorded,Excellent content,Involving the political system of the Yin and Shang Dynasties、Royal Structure、Social life、Economic Production、Fangguo Geography、Military War、Religious Sacrifice、Cultural etiquette, etc.,Has extremely high cultural relic and historical value。
This project follows strict cultural relic protection rules and scientific and rigorous organizing methods,Completed the thorough arrangement and research of all the Yin Ruins bet365 code bones in the Shandong Museum in an orderly manner,Mainly includes the following seven aspects。
1.bet365 code quantity statistics number、bet365 code authenticity identification and material identification、bet365 code Cultural Relic Level Registration。Because Qin and others are responsible。Complete the cataloging list of oracle bones collected in Shandong Museum、bet365 code Data Registration Form from Shandong Museum。Published the results of sub-projects "A summary of the oracle bones collected in Shandong Museum", "A discussion on the divination significance of the inscriptions on beef ribs", etc.。
2.High-definition electronic color photo shooting,Responsible by Zhou Kun and others。The collection of oracle bones is large,Various slice shapes,The bet365 code shooting lasted for three and a half years from 2014 to 2017。At the same time,Make full use of the website of the Pre-Qin History Research Office of the Institute of Ancient History, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences to publish the results of bet365 code conjugation,Photo taken after conjugation in 2018。More than 40,000 bet365 code photos taken,Including the front of the bet365 code、Photos showing the drilling shape and sawing, grinding and finishing conditions on the back and side。After the shooting is completed,Number and archive all photos。
3.bet365 code ink rubbings and electronically scanned archives of rubbings。Responsible by Song Zhenhao,All members of the research team participated。The ink extension work started in February 2014,Continues until the end of September,Carried out ink rubbings on all the inscribed oracle bones in the collection,Two copies of each piece of bet365 code。After Mo Tuo,Electronically scan all rubbings,And number and archive according to the bet365 code collection number。
4.Production of Oracle copies and electronic scanning and storage of copies。Responsible by Sun Yabing and others。This group held two seminars in 2017,Determine copy format and technical specifications,And hire copying experts to explain copying techniques。From 2017 to 2021,The copying team has completed the copying work of all Shanbo oracle bones,Electronically scan all copies,And number and archive according to the bet365 code collection number。
5.bet365 code Explanation and Text Explanation。Responsible by Song Zhenhao。In principle, it is "text interpretation,Based on the generally accepted statement in the academic circles”,“Those who have disputes,Zang Fu’s search,Choose what is good and follow it”,"Anyone who puts forward new insights into old theories,Needs to be verified by Oracle examples and other aspects”,"Fanxinzi、New glyphs or unexplained bet365 code characters,Those who can explain it will do so,Those who can be subordinated will be subordinated"。Make full use of the textual examination method of inscriptions, textual examples and residual inscriptions to complement each other,To increase understanding of terms。Anyone with bet365 code bonding,Also provide an explanation。
6.bet365 code staging、Dividing, sorting, concatenating and describing groups into categories。Responsible by Song Zhenhao。In terms of bet365 code grouping and staging,Properly handle disputes in academia,Generally speaking, it is consistent with the "Five Issues Method" of "Collection",At the same time absorb the knowledge of bet365 code group identification,But the meaning of "five periods" dating is no longer limited to the old theory that one period includes one or two kings,There is a new understanding across generations。In terms of plate ordering,Implement “staged generation”,Group categories by font,The principle of sorting by content order,The emphasis is on both inheritance and development。
7.bet365 code Description List、Retrieval table production, etc.。Responsible by Ma Jifan, associate researcher at the Institute of Ancient History。The search form can easily search for collection numbers、Bibliography number and bet365 code material、Dating by installments、Font group class、bet365 code conjugation summary、Damage condition、Review various information in the description。
Based on the above work,The research team compiled and completed the large-scale bet365 code description book "bet365 code Collection Collection of Shandong Museum"。The whole book is divided into bet365 code plates、Rubbings and copies、Explanation、Four major parts of the retrieval table。bet365 code plates use color photos、Rubbing、Copy the trinity description method,Color photos of oracle bones、Rubbings and copies are published according to the original size。Where combined with oracle bones,Published as the original combined object。Color photo including the front of the bet365 code、Reverse and side photos of the bet365 code with complete drilling marks;The rubbings include the front and back of all inscribed oracle bones,The copy also collects and records the combination patterns of related oracle bones。In terms of ordering bet365 code plates,Implement “staged generation”,Group categories by font,The principle of sorting by content order,The emphasis is on both inheritance and development。The content sorting of each issue of Oracle,roughly by lineage、King Affairs、Communications、Character and official、Geographic Transportation、Economic tribute、Tian Lie、Farming、fishing and animal husbandry、Religious Sacrifice、Liyue Culture、Disastrous fantasy、Disease Treatment、Prison、Military War、Princes and Fangguo、Weather、Astronomical Calendar、Bu Xun、Bu Ri、Bu Xi、Divination、Others、Text、Stem and branch table、Xi Carving and other 26 categories are sorted。
In addition to compiling the bet365 code Collection,During project implementation,With the strong support of the Institute of Ancient History, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,The research team has hosted the “First National Academic Symposium on Collation and Research of bet365 code Inscriptions” (2015)、"The Second National Academic Symposium on Collation and Research of bet365 code Inscriptions" (2016)、"The Third National Academic Symposium on Collation and Research of bet365 code Inscriptions" (2017)、Fourth Academic Conference of "The Fourth National bet365 code Inscriptions Collation and Research and the First Anyang Folk bet365 code Inscriptions Collection Forum" (2020),More than 10 bet365 code inscription collection units across the country、Many academic colleagues and Anyang folk bet365 code collectors attended the seminar,The research team promptly absorbs opinions from all parties,Improving the research and documentation of oracle bones collected in Shandong Museum。Shandong Museum also held "A Moment for a Thousand Years - bet365 code Culture Exhibition",Promote the creative transformation and social promotion of project results。
At the same time,Members of the research team actively participate in domestic and foreign academic activities,Promote academic exchanges。May 29 to June 8, 2015,Song Zhenhao、Sun Yabing、Zhi Xiaona was invited to participate in "Chinese Writing System and Its Relationship with Sumer" at Rutgers University in the United States、International Academic Conference on Dialogue between Egyptian and Mesoamerican Writing Systems”,Song Zhenhao gave an academic report "Introducing the arrangement and description of the seven bet365 code inscriptions collection"。And went to Harvard University in Boston to investigate the Yin Ruins oracle bones collected by the Peabody Museum、Ancient Chinese cultural relics collected by Harvard Art Museums,Go to Chicago to investigate the University of Chicago Museum、bet365 code inscriptions and other ancient Chinese cultural relics collected by the Art Institute of Chicago。December 26, 2017,Song Zhenhao、Zhi Xiaona was invited to attend the "Launch Conference on bet365 code Inscriptions Selected into the Memory of the World Register and the Summit Forum on 'bet365 code Collection and Revitalization of Unique Knowledge'",Song Zhenhao gave a keynote speech,Introduced the process of Oracle’s application for the Memory of the World Register and its significant social impact,The oracle bones collected by the Shandong Museum are also listed in the Memory of the World Register。
Experts agree,The final result of this project, "bet365 code Collection in Shandong Museum", is of rich academic value,Complete description information,Plate quality is high,The level of interpretation has been significantly improved,With various search tables attached,Easy to use,It is an excellent collection of bet365 code records。"The Collection of Oracle Bones Collected in Shandong Museum" records many new words、New glyph、New vocabulary examples、Xinfang country name。After this arrangement,Reveal all the oracle bones collected by the Shandong Museum to the public,The published images of oracle bones are not only extremely clear,Multiple perspectives,To make full use of this batch of data for bet365 code studies、The study of Yin and Shang history provides ideal first-hand information。The descriptions provided by the project team for each bet365 code、Combined information and interpretation based on it、Brief explanation of work,It also provides important reference and convenience for the academic community to do research。At the same time,The implementation of this project has also effectively promoted the discipline construction of the Oracle Bones and Shang History Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Especially improves the academic level of bet365 code science among young scholars,Also trained professionals in bet365 code science for Shandong Museum。Successful completion of the project,To promote in-depth research on ancient characters such as bet365 code inscriptions,Promote China’s excellent traditional culture,Improve people’s cultural confidence,has very important practical significance。
(Author’s unit: Institute of Ancient History, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、bet365 code Study and Shang History Research Center)
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