Qin governs the country with the thought of legalists，Later generations think that Qin rejected Confucianism，Not ethical and moral。Shang Yang regards Xiu Xing、filial piety、Integrity、Zhenlian and others are "six lice"，It is believed that it will lead to the decline of the country。("Shangjun Book · Jin Ling Pian") Han Fei "Five Five" and "Xianxue"，It is believed that moral ethics is not conducive to the wealthy country and strong soldiers。Jia Yi once said:

　　Shang Jun violated ritual，Abandoning Ethics，Emphasized，Two years old，Qin customs defeat。Qin people have a son，Family Fuzi Zhuo is scored，Family poor son Zhuang will come out。Fake Father's Staff Couples，Fantastic virtue; mother takes scoop bowls and broom，Fantastic 谇。Betting fed its son，Merge with the public。Woman aunt does not say each other，then anti -lip and 睨。Its loi is profitable，and simplify your parents，Non -ethics of thought of sin，Its different beasts are diligent and ears。But who still goes to the time，Said Gongcheng and defeat Yi Er。Six Kingdoms，Together in the world，Seeking，But I don't know the festival of anti -integrity，The thickness of benevolence，Letter and method of both letter，The industry that is aggressive，Fan Shisu and Society as a market，I don't know the number of adequate，The technique of getting it also。Benefit!("New Book · Time Change")

Criticive Qin does not talk about ethics, which is no different from beasts.

Qin does not talk about ethics, originates from the early Han Dynasty politician，Listed letter without doubt，But it is now impacted by Qin Jian's unearthed。Mr. Wang Guowei once said: "Gu Lai's new learning，Most of them are due to the new seeing。"Scholars used Jane to discuss the ethics of the Qin Dynasty，But Yuelu Qinjian, which has been announced one after another, has a lot of new content，It provides an opportunity for comprehensive discussion of the construction and practice of the ethical order and practice of the Qin Dynasty。

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bet365 Play online games According to Qin Jianya，Qin Dynasty attaches great importance to personal ethics。Sleeping Tiger Di Qin Jian "The Way of the Official"，Wang Jiatai Qin Jian has "Political Activity"，Peking University Qin Jian has "The Scriptures of Political Political" and "Teaching Girl"，Is about officials、Women's moral requirements。Comparison of comparison，Yuelu Qin Jian's "Govern Officers and Guizhou Heads" is more comprehensive。Guizhou head official、Official relative，is a non -official person，You can have a title，Yuelu Qin Jian "New Guizhou's Shouchen (1114)" can be proved。"Governing Officials and Guizhou" involves officials、Official、The moral norms of all social members such as Guizhou head。

"Governing Officials and Guizhou" involves family ethics、Interpersonal communication、Daily words and deeds and many contents。The family must "No Abandoned (Qi) (1550)"，To unite relatives。"Guizhou's head is not filial (1539)"，Diligence of farming can be filial piety。Treating people must "respect the long (kind) less (1566)"，"Vulgar (Yu) Zhongxin (1552)"，It is better to "[gives] Little Small (1553)"。"No (scent) (slander) (slander) person (1543)"，Because "Evil Evil (1497)"，Easy offenders。"Multi -speaking more (1574)"，Be careful，Avoid the disaster from the mouth。Be happy to accept criticism，Because of "Bitter Dialogue (1535+1498)"，"Gan Yan poison also (1540)"，The so -called "loyalty to the ears is good for the line"。The specifications are very detailed、Comprehensive。

Requirements for officials，There are "Five Goods (1543)", "Five Llessing (0310)", "Five Speeds (1572)", "Five Periods (1549)", "Sixth)"。If "Listening to Leisure (谏) Best (1504)"，Requires from 谏。"Examine (Zhizhi) Minneng (0313)"，"Good Guizhou Shouqi (1491)"，Requires the people。"Innocence and integrity (slander) (1573)"，"Resident officials are good for (1545)"，Requires to be honest。Don't "see the Qianzhou canal (倨) 骜 (proud) (proud) (1497)"，There must be negligence in high high。

"Govern the Officials and the Guizhou Head" clearly stated，Its goal is: "For the monarch, we benefit，being a minister [Zeze] loyalty，Father bet365 live casino games Zezi (Ci)，Filial piety for the sons，It is Ming，Holy，If you are friends, you will not fight。(1541) "" Junhui Chen Zhong、Father Ci Zixiao、Upper Mingxiasheng、No fight for friends、Ethical order for official cleanliness。The whole article is full of loyalty、filial piety、Ci、Letter、Zhi、Lian and other thoughts，It is not the scene of the legalist's moral ethics for the flood beast。The compilation and circulation of "Govern the Governance and Guizhou"，It will definitely strengthen the moral norms of all members of society。

　Strong guarantee for national laws

Construction of the Ethical Order of the Qin Dynasty，The focus is on the use of national laws to regulate family ethics、Official and civilian relations, etc.。Qin Dynasty attaches great importance to family ethics。Yuelu Qin Jianzai: "● Since the 26th year of December Wuyin，No dare to say that the mother -in -law (fake) father，Different fathers do not dare to be benevolent (recognized) as brother、Sister、Brother └。(1025) "Emphasize Parent -child blood。In the same law order, strict regulations on the property inheritance of the remarried family，"Those who have a child，No previous husband、The marriage of the former master and the uncle and Yu (1107) Hou Fu、The postmaster and the adulterer，Order and recipient，All with the same 灋 (method) (law) (law) (1108) "。Prevent women from transferring property when women remarry，Guarantee children's rights and interests。

Qin Dynasty severely crack down on unwillingness。Yuelu Qin Jianzai: "● Since today，Dian Zhi (Zhi) Ephesu，Catch the law of the law，Dian Zhi (Zhi) Ephesu，(Move)。Township Husband Zhizhi (Zhi) Ephesus Theory，赀 (0178) and abandoned。(0188) "For those who are not filial，Parents、Lidian、Tongwu people have reporting obligations，、Township、County Mayor has a survey、Responsibility for arrest，Otherwise, it will be punished。For those who are not filial，Qin law stipulates: "[From] today，Parents of Beat Thai，Abandoned City，奊訽詈，黥 城 舂。Beat Mother，黥 城 舂，奊訽詈，End is Cheng Dan。Beat Gong，End is (1604) [舂，奊] 訽詈，Patients。Slave Wife Wife。Brother Beat、Bet365 app download Sister、叚 (fake) mother └，Patriarch，奊訽詈，Redemption。(1598) "Non -filial behavior will be punished by varying degrees，The worst one will be executed，Very harsh。Parents can report、Ask the government to execute the children who do not filial piety，But the government will not blindly believe from。Yuelu Qin Jianzai: "Qianzhou has a son and takes (marry) wife，Its son is not filial piety (also)，With the subsequent wife，Kill、(Move) The son。Those who use it，Try Fu Qi, say it。(1179) "requires the content of the report to report，To verify whether it is true。Qin Dynasty punished severe punishment for not filial piety，But it must also be investigated and verified，to avoid killing innocent。

Qin Dynasty also provided conditions for their children to filial piety。Yuelu Qin Jian's "The Law" contains: "Ao Tong is a millet and the widow is alone (1236)，Lao Ling for avoiding old，If independent and(癃) The sick mother's home，Do not do it。(1231) "and elderly parents、People who live alone in the disabled mother，Do not conquer the service。"The Law" stipulates: "Switch，Cohabitation without merging。Not obedience，赀 赀 赀。戍，Parents、Wife Death (1299)，Putting burial。(1238) "adult men in the family cannot go to the edge，Ruo Parent、Wife's death can go home to bury。This can be seen，Qin Dynasty's service was fully considered to fully consider ethical factors，Provide conditions for children to filial piety as much as possible。

Qin Dynasty used literature such as "Teaching Girl" to regulate women's products，Also pay attention to the protection of women's rights and interests。Yuelu Qin Jian's "Ting Way [B]" contains: "● Since the 13th year of the thirteen years since the ugly，Take (Marry) Women's Marriage Women's Ginseng Course。Lither without coupons，Nai Don't listen，Ru Ting Law。└ (└ (1099) "uses marriage books as an important certificate to protect women's rights。Yuelu Qin Jian also stipulates: "，Although Hezhi，All the women are divided by strong and human gangsters。(1456) "" Regardless of whether subjective or not，An adultery with women detained or imprisoned，All according to the crime of rape，To bet365 live casino games protect the rights and interests of female prisoners。

Qin Dynasty also focused on building a harmonious neighborhood relationship。Shangyang Reform Implementation Sitting System，Establishing a break between neighborhoods，If the soldiers have the obligation to report the filial piety of children。other，Yuelu Qin Jian also stipulates: "● The people who make the soldiers get the money to pay money and meat(Drink) Food，and giving money, wine and meat，All are one year old。(0634) "Someone was rewarded，Neighbors must not be congratulated by property，Retinners of the offenders。Back to the wind of eating and drinking，Pure Jie neighborhood relationship。

Rare thing is，Qin still attaches great importance to the relationship between officials and the people。"Officials do not dare to punish Guizhou head，Do not follow the order 赀 赀，Free (1694) "。Dare to punish the officials of the Guizhou head without authorization，fine 2688 money，and removal。"County Guan Tian Ling" contains: "● County officials or sees the first water of the Guizhou toIts field └，Evil officials are not in the field，Somehow to harm the heads of Guizhou。Guizhou leads to the waterFields，How much water (1721) is average，and there are successful times。The county officials also should also be exactly，instead of 殹 (also)，Straight with Weido to win the first water in Guizhou，No second，Very non -殹 (also)。Those who have such (1808) should be used as a big criminal to order the law。(1811) "It is strictly forbidden to use the power to use power to harm Guizhou's water to irrigation，Maintain the interests of the people。

　　System incentives of moral commendation

Qin Dynasty also established a moral commendation system，Borrowing for example power to motivate the people，Promoting social ethics construction。Yuelu Qin Jian's "Playing Document" "Tong、The Case of Murder and Killing "and" The Thief Killing Anno、Yiwai Case "，recorded the history of prison and touch、Peng Ju、I sincerely cracked the case of difficult investigations、Annial example，Among them, the special emphasis on "fine (clear) 絜 (clean) without (no) harm，Dun(悫) Shougi (things)，Xinpan Ceremony。Bet365 app download Not only that，Yuelu Qin Jian No. 5、6 in the 6th group of disabled brief texts，Recorded the moral commendation system of the Qin Dynasty。After the combination, restore the following:

　　● Filial piety of the head of Guizhou or parents，Brothers and sisters loyalty，Brother (悌) 兹 (Ci) Love，Elder Juyi(Lead) Qian Chiao is good，There is such a book (1165) □ different，(Rate) Thousands of households do not have one person，I must be true，Being on Fit，Improper and top □ □ (1189+C4-1-9) and go up，Code、Two of the Township Husbands，There are (and) the exemption of townships，赀 Order、丞、Weepa。Dist after up and (1407) to get rid of it，And as an order □。● Today's Prime Minister，Township Husband、Ling Shi、I read the order，Not to the order，Official (1379) [赀 赀 赀 赀]，Order、丞 甲，After the order has been ordered，Official、Code、Wu Qian (Lian) Ask the person who is not good at this，Catch theory。Post -Heng Hou Hou Di Ling Ling County and Rural Governance before and the Riga Institute。（0136）

Parents in the head of Qianzhou、Loyalty Brother、The moral model of loving love，Grass -roots officials must be recommended at the ratio of 1 person/1000 households。No newspaper，False fake，or inadequate publicity，All will be severely punished。

The above moral commendation system，History books are not loaded，It is the first to see。"Historical Records · Freight Colonial Biography"，Qin Shihuang once awarded the title of "virgin woman" in Baza Widow，Add by courtesy，Building "Girl Huaiqingtai" to commend，is an instance of the commendation system。Sima Qian mistakenly believes that its "famous world" is because of the rich family and rich，When the system has been cut off，I have never seen it for a while。There are township officials such as "filial piety" and "three old" in the early Han Dynasty，But it is not proportional to recommend、System of commending moral models。

To sum up，The Qin Dynasty did not fully rule the country according to the thinking of legalists，It does not exclude ethics and morals。Through personal moral specifications、National Legal Guarantee、Moral commendation incentives, bet365 Play online games etc.，Qin establishes the country's leading、folk participation、All staff cover、Personal -National -National Ethical Order。Qin's ethical order construction should have certain results，But the overall is not satisfactory。Although there are examples of widow clearing，But there are also cases that destroy ethical order。Yuelu Qin Jian's "Playing Document" has 2 cases involving ethical crimes。"Getting Strong and Abandoned Wife Case"，Publicly destroying ethical order，Publicly destroying ethical order。"Tianhe City and the Case"，Tian Yan ignores Lun Chang，A few times with the daughter of the aunt, adultery in the government government，Captured on the spot。Brother City of the City、Relatives to help the city for crime，4000 money bribe witnesses，Request to change the testimony，Because of the family but it is illegal。As for officials to oppress the people，It is even more endless。Qin Dynasty ethical order construction is slightly effective，But after all, it is not worth the rigidity of the rulers，Follow the Qin Dynasty's overwhelming。

(This article is the National Social Science Fund's unpopular "learning" special project "Yuelu Qin Jian's" Playing Document "Exchange School and Research" (19vjx009) phase results)

(Author Unit: School of History and Culture, Southwest University)