October 28, 2022，General Secretary Xi Jinping talked about at the Yinxu Museum in Anyang City: "The Oracle essay unearthed from Yin Ruins preserved the text 3000 years ago，It has been promoted up to about 1,000 years in the history of Chinese faith。"Chinese characters are connected to the foundation of Chinese children，It is the temperament written in the blood of the Chinese nation。Oracle discovered more than 120 years，In the meantime, countless scholars incinerated the ointment follow -up、Unremitting study of thorns，Founded the results in the field of oracle scholars today，Building towering。Among the many scholars learned by the nailbone，Learning profound、President Zhuo Zhuo first pushed "Oracle Four Halls"。Tang Lan once praised in the preface of "Tianyang Pavilion's Oracle Storage Examination Examination": "Buqu Research，From Snow Church, the first way，Guantang will follow the history of test，Yantang District, the era，Dingtang issued a resignation example，Goujie is extremely prosperous for a moment。"This evaluation fully demonstrates the talents and status of the four people。Tang Lan respects the "Four Halls" energy，and I am also a well -known oracle scholar、Gold Stone Scholars、historian。Tang Lan proposed the "natural classification method" and practiced in Oracle classification，The influence on the study of ancient text is far -reaching。Today we look back at the beginning and end of Tanglan's creation of the natural classification method，Pursuing Mr.'s footsteps in the smoke and dust of history and literature。

 

　　"Introduction to Ancient Chinese Character":Scientific ideas  Theoretical construction

In the Introduction，Tang Lan first proposed the idea of ​​the natural classification method，Fan cage category classified by Xu Shen's "Speaking of the Words" and the six books of Zheng Yan，Purely evolved the evolution of the milk of the text into an outline，Interested in creating a new set of ancient text classification methods。Study on ancient Chinese characters，Tang Lan has its own pride，He is distressed by the ancient text and lag because it does not become a systematic，It is believed that the urgency is "Hurry up to establish the foundation of ancient Chinese characters，Make it a science "，It is expected to establish theoretical system and objective standards，Build bet365 Play online games a solid foundation，Pay attention to the suffering of ancient words，Re -life。It can be said that Tang Lan abandon Xu、Zheng Zhi said naturally，It is based on his hopes to build ancient Chinese characters into a scientific thinking。

 

The natural classification method is the new idea summarized by Tang Lan's classification of the traditional "Specs and Solid Characters".，It is the practical concept that he extends on the "three books"，The kernel uses the "Three Books" system to classify ancient text。As Li Wuwu said，"Talk about the natural classification method of Tanglan ancient text，Pay attention to the "Three Books" of Tang Lan's ancient text structure "。Tang Lan's ambition to construct a scientific ancient text made him not lived in，Only use the interpretation of the word as the ability，Instead, start with the theoretical framework of ancient Chinese characters，Explore the origin and evolution of Chinese characters，Find the change path of the ancient text structure in the analysis of the traceable chase。His "Three Books" is pictograph、Illness、Sound sound as a category，Subsidies in the middle，All originated from the evolution of text。Chen Yingjie pointed out，"The classification of the three books is closely related to his text installment view，pictograph、Illness、Senior Senior Three Books represent the three processes of text evolution，In his system，The formation of the three books is the natural result of text development and evolution "。"Three Books Theory" undoubtedly condenses the essence of Tang Lan's interpretation of the ancient Chinese characters，Tang Lan's requirements for the natural classification method are "to compile the entire history of text in the most reasonable method"。The purpose of this "Three Books" with him can be said to be in the same vein。

 

The natural classification method advocated by Tang Lan is a level system that is strictly strictly ranked by "category -ministries -subjects -system"。He envision "uses the pictograph to do the head，Monolates differentiated from pictographs are affiliated with ‘Ministry’ ”;，It belongs to ‘Ke’ ”;、Physical vocal characters from phenomena 孳 孳，It belongs to ‘system’ ”。、Section、outside，With the differentiation of the word, it lists the branch、Zhike、branch system，Build a complete and thorough structure。Tanglan's visual shape is the earliest structure of the text after painting，Therefore, the unity of natural classification method is also based on pictographs，It is "text that is milk out of every original phenomenon，All form a system "。The Bate of the bet365 live casino games Ministry of the Ministry of the Ministry of the Formation Category is summarized as the body、Elephant、Three categories of elephant workers。Natural classification method infiltrate Tang Lan's "three books" thoughts，In essence, he still serves his mother question that focuses on the evolution of text，Under such a classification structure，The class of characters is clear at a glance。Although the idea of ​​the natural classification method at this time is still prototype but not practiced，But it is not water without water、No wood，It can also be seen from Tang Lan's ambitions。

If the beginning and end of the Tanglan study the natural classification method is extended into a line，Of course, "Introduction" and "Nature Classification of Oracle" (hereinafter referred to as "Brief Crossing")，and the "Tiansheng Pavilion Oracle Storage Examination Examination" published in 1939，It can also be regarded as a rope knot in the front and after it。"Tianyang Pavilion Oracle Storage Examination Examination" is a Oracle record interpretation masterpiece made by Tang Lan to organize the Oracle Oracle Tibetan，Includes 108 oracle bones and attached interpretation，concentrated reflecting the results of Tang Lan’s Oracle test interpretation of the practice，Complete system，There are many exquisiteness of interpretation。The book is very commendable in the book "Tiansheng Pavilion's Oracle Story" (hereinafter referred to as the "Inspection Character")，Tang Lan described "the text you saw in the eight in the eight pieces，Twenty -fifty is one，The secondary classification of law，Xi ’s material is too little ears"。This test table is valuable，It is a system attempt that Tang Lan used to use natural classification methods in the early days，It is the first -hand material to study the natural classification method of Tanglan's practice。

 

According to Wei Jiangong's induction，The arrangement of 251 words in "Inspection" can be roughly divided into human genus、The genus of the plants and trees of the sun, the moon, the mountains and the mountains,、The genus of Zhenbu、The genus of the birds and beasts and insects、The genus of the number、The genus of the system、The genus taken、The genus of the palace room、The genus of the sacrifice、The genus of punishment、Suspected 11 kinds，and "The cases of the case are followed by the text shape itself"，Getting good results。This is the first time to practice the natural classification method of Oracle classification，From the perspective of results，The important basis for the formal example is the body characteristics Bet365 app download of Oracle。Because the word table is set for the convenience of the interpretation of the book,，So Tang Lan explicitly stated that he is mainly alien，Common shapes are not included。So the volume of 251 words is actually very small。Tang Lan does not highlight the category and head，According to the glyphs of the Oracle, and refer to Mr. Wei Jiangong's induction results，We count from "people" to "Wei" and 75 words.，From "Day" to "Chen" a total of 84 characters belongs to the elephant，From "one" to """ A total of 90 -character Xianggong，The last 2 -character Tang Lan Weiming Place Cong。There are a lot of suspicion words in the table，Tang Lan still try to use the shape as the first，The unknown oracle bone text is also compiled into the table to be renewed。When the materials are not rich，"Inspection of the Word" still follows the introduction of "Introduction"、belongs to nature、Theoretical idea of ​​human smart products。

 

 

　　"A Brief Classification of Oracle Nature Classification":System work  Unlike regret

The development of the development of nature classification is the work of Tanglan adopted this method system to classify Oracle in his later years，Tang Lan's own name is "Complete Works Natural Classification of Oracle"，Stand -up with the "Oracle Book" on the basis of the manuscript and add examples of remarks，Finally, a work that can completely reflect the classification of Oracle。But it's a pity，Tang Lan died because of illness before the work was not completed，Leaving us a great regret。Tang Lan's son, Mr. Tang Funian, sort out his father's manuscript，Published into the "Brief Classification of Oracle Natural Categories"，Can't help but be a great comfort to my father's unsuccessful career。Since then, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House will publish Tang Lan's manuscript，Named "A Brief Draft for the Natural Category of Oracle"，Makes us fortunate to see Tang Lan after decades of academic research and precipitation，The most systematic system for the natural classification method、The most precise consideration。

 

Different from "Inspection"，"Simple" highlights the cooperation of classification and division，Manuscript second picks the typical glyphs of Oracle and clearly classified，The theoretical interpretation of Tang Lan's "Three Books" is "Using the Portrait"，This may be a viewing of Tang Lan's initial combing of the book。Compared with，"Checking" is slightly rough in this regard。Tang Lan's three manuscripts basically reflect the clear steps adopted by its natural classification: according to the "Oracle Classification" category and testing the Oracle Bet365 lotto review Bone; correspond，Each department of the upper part of the parts with each other，Finally present a systematic result。above，From the perspective of volume, it is undoubtedly a huge project，Tang Lan happily devoted to it，I devoted a lot of hard blood。Tang Lanzhi，Precision of the most important theoretical regulations。His respect to the way of classification of six books，"Said" divided by the academic study，In his opinion, it is not the truth that is not broken，Therefore, he tried his best to break through the restrictions of the barrier，Method of advocating natural classification。continuously polishing and correction，Systems practice its theory，"Simple" can be described as a masterpiece。Seeing in the manuscript，Tang Lan wants to build a rigorous classification system that is not inferior to 540 parts of "Said"，Final classification of Oracle's total number is about 3,000 words。If it can be written by Tanglan's expectation，Presumably it can fully integrate its interpretation of the Oracle test、Classification and other aspects of results。This effortless work failed to finish the manuscript in Tanglan's life.，Really regrettable。

 

 

　Master Feng Bone:shoulders academic duty  Create a scientific method

Tang Lanzhong Science Theory，Relief of the rules and standard temperament，It can also be seen from the scholars he admired。Liu Yu commented: "Tang Lan is in learning，Four people in life in life，Sun Jiebang、The Kingdom Victoria's Master，Guo Moruo、Chen Yinque's friendly things。"" Among Tang Lan as the two of the teacher，Wang Guowei in Tanglan has the grace of teaching，There is an outstanding achievement in historical research，and Tang Lan's words of praise for Sun Yan，Respect to depth，It is a large extent because Sun Yan asked the "side analysis method" to。Tang Lan once admired: "Sun Yingrang is the best analysis method。"" His greatest achievement，This is the precise method left by us。With this method, we can make the difficult word，Rescued from the mythical explanation，Also belongs to the text。"" "，Tang Lan's reputation to Sun Yan's "side analysis method"，Is it purely from the lungs and no decoration。Tang Lan is committed to building a scientific ancient text，Repeatedly mentioned "Research on Ancient Text in New Words，It must have a system，and there are rules "。In his opinion，Sun Yingrang's "side analysis method" formation system，Standard and effective，Can be widely used to solve the problem of ancient text recognition，It is what he explores science's ancient text bet365 best casino games institution。Tang Lan is dissatisfied with scattered speculation、Guess the sultry -style text test，I always want to unify the study of ancient literature in the study of ancient literature in one、Under the standard of Fa -can be available，Establishment of rules，Make ancient text a science that can operate in the system，Let the ancient text research get rid of the small workshop -style handicraft，Interture system，Sorting a scientific method according to the figure。

 

Can understand this，Our understanding of Tang Lan's natural classification method is even more layer of。Natural classification method is an indispensable part of Tanglan's ancient text system，Is the application rule in his theory。Tang Lan's scientific、Advanced vision look at ancient text，It is not limited by the aura of 540 in the "Six Books" and "Said"，Resolutely stepped out a new road。He tried to solve the Division of the Division of the "Said" through the new classification method，The evolution of the milk of the text that truly reflects the text，At the same time, enhance the system and facilitate retrieval，Continuously polishing this set of theory in practice to approach the ideal state of ancient text research。Tang Lan talked in the Introduction: "A science，There should be principles，Methods and rules。No system theory，is no one to set the standard，No standard，The method used，It is inevitable to make an error。Create a system according to several principles，Create many methods and rules，This method or rule，There is no contradiction when the application，This is science，This is the responsibility of the scholars' shoulders。"" "、From theoretical to practice，Tang Lan made the efforts made by improving the natural classification method，It is exactly the science of his mind、The epitome of the systemic ancient text。In the search for the creation of natural classification methods in Tanglan，We see him break through the traditional courage、Perseverance of conviction、The persistence of repeated practice，He reviews an ancient learning with scientific standards，Reshape the bones for it、Pick up blood，Promote the responsibility of promoting disciplinary innovation，Do your heart in the cold world，Silently work。Tang Lan used the academic research of a lifetime to practice this road。

 

General Secretary Xi Jinping preached during his inspection at the Yinxu Museum in Anyang City: "Chinese Chinese characters are very great，The formation and development of the Chinese nation cannot be separated from Bet365 app download the maintenance of Chinese text。... the source of Chinese civilization is long and long，Never interrupted，shaped our great nation，This nation will still be great。"" Save the source of Chinese characters，Because of the unremitting efforts of Tang Lan and others，Oracle research has never been interrupted。Kaijiang Exploitation，Publication new; scientific standards，The theoretical practice; the legacy of the ancestors，Following the ancient "Study"，Promote the excellent traditional culture of China，It is also the responsibility of my generation of scholars。"Study" is not absolute，Mr.'s Way is not alone，The so -called salary fire passes，Just in front of you。

 

(This article is the National Social Science Fund's unprecedented school "Research on the Practice of Oracle Bone Test Examinations in the past century" (19vjx112)、The "Xlyc2004016)、Fudan University "Ancient Chinese Characters and Chinese Civilization Inheritance Development Project" (G3020) phased achievement)

 

(Author Unit: School of Literature, Liaoning Normal University)