Family education is the first education in the process of personal growth，It is also an education accompanied by human life，The basis for school education and social education。In recent years，Family education is becoming more and more valued by all sectors of society，At the same time，If the concept of parent education is backward、Education methods stereotypes、Lack of information channels and other issues are gradually exposed。To further promote the formation of parents -children's coordinated development mechanism，Support the healthy development of family education，my country is focusing on building a complete family education guidance service system。Article 6 of the "Family Education Promotion Law of the People's Republic of China", paragraph 2 (2)，"Education Administrative Department、Women's Federation Coordinating Social Resources，Coordinated promotion of the construction of home education guidance service system covering urban and rural areas "。Looking at the world，Many countries according to national conditions and education needs，Forms a unique family education guidance service mode，The successful experience is worthy of our exploration、Learn。

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This mode refers to under the premise that the family is not purely private，Governments at all levels have introduced policies、Law and other forms，The main responsibility to bear the construction of a family education guidance service system from top to bottom。The government makes macro decisions as the leader，As an important execution subject in specific practice, it is involved in it。The experience of almost every country indicates，The government plays a very important role in building a family education guidance service system，Where，In the practice of Japan and Russia，The main role of the government is extremely prominent，formed a government -led decision -making execution mode。

The concept of family education in Japan was born in the Meiji Restoration period。After World War II，Japanese family education development has entered a new stage，Governments at all levels start from policy and regulations，Promote the orderly structure from top to bottom、Family education guidance service system formation of power and responsibility。National level，As early as 1947，Japan introduced the Basic Education Law，The functions and tasks that the state and local governments should assume in the revitalization of family education。April 1999，The Japanese government promulgated the easy -to -understand "Family Education Bet365 app download Manual"，Family education concepts and family education methods that transmit and popularize science to the public。2006，The "Education Basic Law" is further clarified: "National and local public groups，To respect the autonomy of family education，Efforts to improve the ability of the guardian's own educational ability，Provide opportunities for learning，Provide good educational information for other families。""，Countermeasure research on family education support for the Japanese government，This research is still being enriched as an important issue.。Local level，When Japan revised the Social Education Law in 2001，Special proposal to the Education Commission of Shimachi Village should "provide learning opportunities for family education，Encourage lectures and rally "，From this，More detailed、Specific family education support surveys and activities can be launched in various places。2013，Kumamoto Prefecture formulated the "Kumamoto Family Education Support Regulations"，This is the first local education regulations in Japan，It marks another flying over the Japanese family education support work。

Compared with Japan’s macro decisions and specific implementation，Decisions and implementation of Russian government family education guidance services focus more on problem orientation，It is an attempt based on the macro targets and characteristics of family education based on the great rejuvenation of Russia and the characteristics of family education。August 2014，The Ministry of Education of the Russian Federal Education Science promulgated the "2015-2025 Russian Federal Family Education Policy"，In order to improve the quality of family education and the level of parenting parenting, the establishment of a parental school and hosting a parent education experience consultation meeting、Discussion、Exchange Meeting and other specific measures。May 2015，The Russian government introduced the "2015-2025 Federal Federal Children's Education Development Strategy"。Uniform plan for the development of children's education in the next ten years，The phenomenon of the absence of father in family education，It is pointed out that the role of father's family education is fully played，and collaborate with society and schools，Taking modern information technology as a carrier，Provide free law for parents、Economy、Consultation services such as psychological and education，Actively spread and promote excellent family education experience and model。Push here，2016，Dedicated to strengthen the communication of home schools、Fully Russian Parents University, which comprehensively improves parenting parenting ability, is officially established。

　　School -centric home -school joint model

This mode refers to under bet365 live casino games the concept of lifelong education，School as a more systematic、Professional educational place，Use its sufficient material resources and human resources，Establish partnership with family，Provide a long span for family education、Comprehensive content、Strong guidance service，Not only does the children build an effective home -school cooperation mechanism during school，More long -term guidance and help to parents before and after their children's school age。The two countries in the UK and Singapore are led by the government，formed a unique school -centric home -school joint model。

In the UK，The principle of family education guidance service is to trust parents，Let parents naturally become "parents who can be competent"。2000 and 2004，The United Kingdom has promoted the "parent education order" and "parent education contract"，Parents of bad adolescents must participate in parent education courses and bear the corresponding responsibilities，Shortly after.，The government has given the school with the rights of these two methods。2007，The British government released the report "Every Parent is very important" report，In the construction of a family education guidance service system，All kinds of schools at all levels will undoubtedly become an important position。Most of the public elementary schools in the UK have "Parent Center"，Open at a specific time every week，Not only does it provide a lecture hosted by professional teachers、Exchange Meeting，Counseling for full -time mothers，Open educational resources to families in the nearby community。other，Many children's centers in the UK、Continuing Education University, etc., all provides professional education and training courses。

1992，The Singapore government formally determines the "family root" in the "White Paper of the Common Value"。In order to give full play to the education role of school in family education guidance services，2002，"School Family Education Plan" can be started。The plan uses the existing space and equipment of the school to conduct a understanding of children about parents、Effective communication skills、Establish a harmonious marriage、Develop a healthy lifestyle、Gathering family members、Learning wealth management skills、Teaching activities such as balanced work and life，Invollerate from a broader parental literacy, family education，Guidance and service。The 1990s，Singapore proposed the concept of "educational partners"，In particular, attach importance to the guiding service of school education on family education。For example, set up "Family Time" in the textbook "Good Pinde and Good Citizen"，Provide parents with specific measures and suggestions on family education。The government bet365 best casino games also gives the school a greater autonomy，The school can develop the development of such as parent support team、Parent Association、"Guide Dad/Mom" and other colorful home -school linkage forms。

　Space linkage mode based on the community -based point

This mode refers to the community as the smallest external、Social units with the most close relationship，Relying on various material support and professional spirit、Psychological support，Provide sufficient family education、Convenient conditions，Improve the quality of family education from bottom to top、Improve citizens' welfare。Complete community infrastructure in the United States and Canada、The service system is mature，Tight interaction between the community and the community，The bottom -up exploration and practice in the community are particularly prominent，It can be called a typical space linkage mode based on community -based space。

The 2070s，Social change and economic crisis brings multiple pressures to children's childbirth，The home education guidance service system in the United States is during this period，Eap from the community，Formed from bottom to top。At that time，Some "family resource projects" have appeared in all parts of the United States，As the "Family Education Center" of New Orleans、"Family Focus" in Chicago。80s，More than 200 home resource projects in the United States gathered for the first time to set up a family resource alliance，Community and the community link from space，Formed a resource network covering the country。Various resources in the community are the easiest to be integrated，The "home instruction" project in the United States is based on the community to carry out early childhood education service，Volunteers and professionals in the community will provide free parenting guidance and home visits services。During the long -term parenting education process，All resources in the community are fully coordinated，Lectures on pro -job education regularly、Library related book borrowing service，Some community institutions will also provide related courses，Parents who have completed a certain period of time and pass the assessment certification。

Canadian communities are very developed in terms of space resources and from personnel organizations。The 1930s，Vancouver City has initially formed a large number of community centers，One of its main functions is to take on child care、Education guidance, etc. services for family education。Family education guidance services in the Canadian community integrate in all aspects of the community work。The "Community Action Plan for Children" founded in 1993 is a community -based，It aims to use the home education center、Parenting Class、Bet365 app download Family visits and other forms that promote children's development projects。If the community children's health support project in Hamilton City is designed to provide various activities for the family，jointly improve the security of the inside and outside environment。other，The Canadian community will also provide long -term book services，Professionals will carry out reading activities in the community library，Guide parents to learn parent -child reading。

　Social integration mode based on social organizations

This mode refers to the social organization as an intermediary platform，Provide suggestions to the government upward，Going down to the family to understand the actual situation，Stimulate tissue vitality inward，Broadcasting the network，Integrate more complicated social resources，To promote the modernization of family education。In the family education guidance service work of Germany and France，Social organizations are particularly active，formed a clear social integration mode based on social organizations。

Germany is a conservative welfare country，Established a highly developed social policy and social security system。At the same time，The auxiliary principles that the German government upholds means that they try to avoid the country's involvement as much as possible.，Let the government and social organizations form an equal partnership。The German Youth Affairs Bureau as the official social work institution，Drives "Promoting Education for Family" and "Support、Assistance、Supplement Family Education task，Carry out family training、Family Consultation、Family rest、Support single parent、Divorce and Divorce Consultation、Family Education Consultation、Works including children's education counseling。other，There are many free social organizations in Germany，Jointly promote the construction of home education guidance service system。Data display in 2016，There are about 1,000 family education consulting institutions in Germany，Most of the staff of these institutions are professionals who have obtained qualifications through training;、Work Institutions for Mission and other tasks of family operation。

Since the 19th century，Some family joint organizations and business owners in France take the lead to start paying attention to the family field，and take a series of interventions。Among them, the most important social organization is the family association，The purpose and role of its establishment mainly include the desire to express family interests to the country，and provide a considerable number of services and subsidies。1945，The National Federation of the Family Association is recognized by the government。Since the launch of the National Family Family Issue Symposium in 1981，The National Federation of the Family Society Association has always bet365 live casino games played a role in government decisions as an important social force。Current，It has 100 provincial -level federations and 66 activity groups or mass organizations with different tendencies and characteristics，Affordable to provide suggestions for the development of family education、Surveying family disputes and other work。other，Other social organizations related to family education such as residents and family senior advisory committees、Children's Protection Association, etc., all provide relevant services and guarantees for family education development。

　Improve my country's family education guidance service system

my country's construction adapting to urban and rural development、Family education guidance service system that meets the needs of parents and children needs to be widely learned from foreign practical experience，constantly clarify the subject and its authority，Aiming at family needs，Improve multi -party operation guarantee，Strengthen supervision and feedback，to ensure the effective operation of the system。

First, to clarify the responsibilities and characters of different subjects，Focus on creating a social support system involved in multiple subjects。First，Clear and diverse subject status，Forms by the government、School collaboration、A three -dimensional structure of social participation，At the same time，Effective interaction mechanisms should be established between various levels of government departments，Dividement of working scope，Clarifying the workflow。Next，Scientific allocation of subjective liability，Give full play to the characteristics and advantages of the diverse subject，division of labor cooperation，Each department，Director of each exhibition，Finally form a joint force。

Second is the demand for family needs，Starting from the interests of the parent group，Family itself，The content and value of the family education guidance service system。First，Clarify different family needs，Divide the family in accordance with different standards，Provide education in different classifications。Next，Family in the crisis、Children with special families with physiological psychological diseases and other special family needs。again，Activate family initiative，Family Education Guidance Service cannot take all the problems in family education，should mobilize the subjective initiative and enthusiasm of parents to the greatest extent。

Third is to improve operation guarantee，Coordinated manpower、material resources、Finance，Dredging information circulation channel。First，Organization professional team，Family Education Instructor should be educated、moral education first、Practical orientation and lifelong learning are the basic concepts，Bet365 lotto review Become a research type、Compound type、Applied professional talents。Next，Open a special platform，Open home education guidance service online special platforms under the leadership of the government，The provider will、Related items、Activity information is displayed on the webpage。For families that are difficult to get in touch with the Internet，You can use the opening service center、Ship Board Promotion、Distributed manuals and other forms to help them help them。again，Planning Special Project，Persist in problem orientation，Provide financial and information support，Turning backward family education concept，Common interests to realize children's development。

Fourth is to strengthen supervision feedback，Pay attention to the dynamics and time of information，Focusing on the two -way communication and supervision feedback of information。First，Establish and improve information transparent and open、Strict review and evaluation supervision mechanism，In particular, we must give full play to the supervision right of third -party institutions，Jooping the entire system green、Good operation。Next，Development feedback mechanism，From family、Community、Schools and other channels to open feedback channels，Let the guidance service provider intuitively understand the status quo and problems that need to be solved。

(Author Unit: Department of Education, Shaanxi Normal University)