American scholar Michael Potter proposed the concept of cluster development in the book "National Competitive Advantages" published in 1990，It has attracted the attention of the disciplines of economics and management，and gradually obtain applications and expand in the field of education，Professional cluster construction of undergraduate universities has also become an emerging topic of nearly ten years。The reason why it has received attention，Mainly due to two factors: First, the university's internal professional layout，Try to reduce the separation and separation of knowledge between knowledge，Reverse the various majors "Duo、San、Weak "dilemma; second, college coordination in the external industry，Expect the disadvantages of correcting excessive professionalization of higher education，Breaking the knowledge production pattern of closed knowledge between universities and enterprises。Professional cluster as the basis of integration、Related to the field、Organic combinations of professional or direction that promote each other，helps colleges and universities to concentrate internal and external resources、Take into account the demands of many parties、Form a competitive advantage。Professional agglomeration has important value for application -oriented universities in this specialty，But compared to，Undergraduate universities also emphasize the leading and supporting role of discipline construction。But，Professional cluster development of application -oriented undergraduate universities also exists blind、Interactive scarce、Lack of characteristics and insufficient agglomeration。For this，This article is based on the characteristics of domestic application -oriented undergraduate universities，From the perspective of improving the level，Select the core points to explain，Teach it to Fangjia。

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The needs of the industry are unlimited，and in constant change，This is the basic attribute of industrial development and unpredictable。bet365 live casino games Universities only constantly consider their own school positioning and service orientation，can truly meet the needs of the industry。The undergraduate major has application attributes in terms of its essence，Because "professionalism is a academic category divided according to the needs of social division"，It is an educational classification for professional positions。But in reality，Professional settings of application -oriented universities often follow the "path dependence" of traditional universities，As a result, there is a serious homogeneity and lack of characteristics、Academic attachment and insufficient application、The disadvantages of weak knowledge and lack of adaptability。

From the perspective of professional cluster construction，First of all, you need to clarify the real industrial needs。The so -called "real industrial needs"，refers to starting from demand supply，Industry or social needs for specific service objects。Whether it is the germination and growth of advanced industries，The reorganization and reconstruction of traditional industries，All provide motivation and source for the professional reform of application -oriented undergraduate universities，Help it define the direction and innovation focus。Professional cluster only breakthrough or formed an advantage based on demand，In -depth cooperation among stakeholders，Promoting the coupling linkage relationship of various resource elements，Otherwise, it can only evolve into a loose combination relationship，This can not effectively play a clustering role。

This can be seen，Effective formation of professional clusters of undergraduate universities，On the one hand, based on the realistic basis of regional economic and social development，New requirements for the new era，Change existing concept，Break the mindset。For example，In the process of promoting common prosperity，Facing new requirements for high -quality sharing of local public services，College should pay more attention to the cultivation of composite governance talents in the grassroots organization，guidance，Integrated related majors，Re -layout，instead of only the construction of traditional administrative management major。On the bet365 Play online games other hand, we must fully tap its own highlights to form influence and competitiveness，Through the reorganization of resources、Beyond the boundaries of the department and the convergence of the advantages of the advantages and continuously expand strength，Promote the cluster to become a first -class major in colleges and universities、Demonstration Base、Flagship products and brand engineering on one of the key platforms，Professional cluster can only combine the service place with highlighting strong items，Only in order to respond to industrial needs more targeted and highly quality。

　　Reasonable professional echelon is a necessary condition

Whether each major in the cluster can establish organic connections and move towards each other，It is related to the overall performance。In practice，The tendency of "heavy form light connotation" is still common。Many professional clusters also lack the overall layout and coordinated plan，Some even consider the convenience of the number of scale or administrative management，leading to the lack of "sticky" between professionalism，It is difficult to have the necessary response and competitiveness。

Professional cluster seems to be a collection between different majors，But in fact, a close dependence relationship needs to be established between these majors。First, the specialty should be gathered around the needs of the service objects of specific industries，At the same time, it is necessary to adjust and optimize accordingly according to the overall construction goals; second, a reasonable structural relationship should be formed between professional，Composed of the core majors led and supported by the peripheral assistance。This can both give full play to the leadership of advantages、Improve effect，Drives the development of other majors，Can achieve radiation and expansion functions through supporting professional，Growing the strength of the core professional，Cross -fusion in the field of promotion、Integrated function of enhancing talent training，Advanced more complex industrial needs。

strong advantage in the advantage，Form a reasonable professional echelon，Strengthening the organizational support between supporting majors is a necessary condition Bet365 app download for cluster construction。First, pay attention to digging the new growth point of core majors。Take the construction of "Four New" as an opportunity，New Engineering Division aiming at the frontier field of technology，New Rural Science adapt to the trend of new formats，New Medical Sciences seek innovation around the full cycle of life，New Literary Sciences must further promote the development of digital intelligence and interdisciplinary，to effectively achieve dislocation development。Second, pay attention to the reasonable setting of the top -level design，To clarify the overall requirements and the focus of construction。The cluster should be based on the knowledge attributes of various majors、Disciplinary foundation、Internal connections in the industry and other aspects to promote the scientific structure。Core majors must give full play to their competitiveness、Strong unity、Characteristic characteristics，Support specialty should help further broaden the cultivation foundation、Integrate the strength of the whole school and seek characteristics and innovation。Third is to focus on comprehensively consolidating the foundation of construction，Provide more growth space for the cluster。Effectively combine the interdisciplinary cross -disciplinary and professional collaboration，Establish professional dynamic adjustment、Share sharing of resources、Quality Supervision and Guarantee and other series mechanisms。

　　The platform for integration of production and education is support and logo

For application -oriented undergraduate universities，The original intention of the establishment of a professional cluster except enhance the core competitiveness of the professional itself，It is the collaboration of promoting government and research and research。Construction platform based on the deep integration of government, property, research and research also provides important support for professional clusters。If the corresponding platform is lacking，will lose the support of convergence and integration elements，Together in educating people、Crossing results and service fusion will also have high quality breakthroughs。

From the successful practice of professional cluster bet365 best casino games construction in domestic universities in recent years，Can we build a platform for integration of production and education，It has become an important symbol to measure cluster construction level。Because in the elite stage of higher education，University has always been considered a "ivory tower"，College teachers are used to teaching，The university is also used to a closed school running mode。But，The popularization of higher education in my country、Popularization，Government、Enterprise and society is increasingly calling on the interaction between universities and industries，Universities at all levels are working hard for this。From the rich practice of application -oriented transformation and professional cluster construction of domestic universities，Links University and Government、Industry、Enterprise's production and education integration platform has become the first choice。

The integration platform of production and education should really play a role，It can be focused on the following aspects。The first is to focus on expanding the radiation range of the platform，The fields involved should be relatively wide，Actively conform to the changes in the industry's situation，Cover to key service objects。Partners should try to choose influential leading enterprises or special units，Promoting different platforms with both focusing on each other and fully supporting cluster construction。Second, pay attention to the operation mechanism of optimizing the platform，Platform construction must change the original major、A situation between the department and the industry，Rely on common governance、Joint Cover、Equal mechanism of interests to gather elements、Optimized configuration and improve efficiency，Promoting Education and Industry Establishing Coordinated Symbiosis，Promote the overall scale of professional clusters、Constituted categories and formation methods and local industrial layout、Industry technical types and market changes match each other。

　　The shared course construction of the core purpose is the key

Professional is the basic unit for the training of college talents，Course is the core element of talent training。Each majors in the cluster do not form an organic overall reason is that the course is still presented in bet365 live casino games a platter rather than in common，As a result, it is difficult to jump out of traditional curriculum settings，It has not fundamentally broken the limitations of existing training model。

Course is in the center of talent training，Affiliated to the syllabus、Textbook、Teacher academic level and teaching concept，Involved in teaching conditions、Teaching Resources、Teaching mode、Teaching evaluation and many aspects。How to build a professional cluster? The core purpose of sharing courses is the key，It is also difficult。"What is effective knowledge"，This is the earliest question of British philosopher Spencer.。According to scientific perspectives，This requires first obeying the training target，The closest to the target of training、The most relocated knowledge content is considered the most valuable。For professional clusters，It should be concentrated to build a shared course with core purpose。

The construction of sharing courses should be based on the common knowledge basis，Different from the professional cluster of higher vocational colleges attaches importance to the similarity of technical skills and knowledge，Professional clusters in undergraduate colleges emphasize the correlation of subject knowledge。First, establish a modular curriculum system，It should be surrounded by a variety of professional directions，Combined with the learning characteristics of local college students、The logical relationship of the application discipline、Design courses for industrial urgent needs，In addition to setting up the common platform courses of various majors，It can also increase professional mutual selection courses，and strengthen the elastic arrangement，Organic combination of commonality and personality。The second is to attach importance to team cooperation teaching，Compared with a single professional，The cluster can create more collaborative conditions，Common teaching、Assisting various modes such as teaching and interactive teaching，Between different professional teachers、Promoting interaction between college teachers and industrial teachers to form a community，Therefore, it lays a solid foundation for curriculum sharing。bet365 live casino games Third is to improve the guarantee system for curriculum construction，Connecting the curriculum enhancement system、The coordination and linkage of the department and the coordinated allocation of resources，According to professional talent training target，Forms "school -local", "school -industry" and "entity -virtual" and other diversified collaborative education mechanisms，System design for sharing courses、Implement and evaluation provides important guarantees。

(This article is the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" Education Reform Project "Innovation and Practice of Cultivation of Cultivation of Primary Public Management Composite Talents under the Background of New Liberal Arts" (JG20220467)

(Author Unit: Zhejiang Tree Renren)