[Core Tip] Research on ancient Chinese mobile bet365 has entered a new stage of theoretical thinking，Marxist dialectics and historical materialism receive further attention，The reference and application of social science theories has been significantly enhanced，More and more scholars are devoted to theoretical research based on empirical mobile bet365。

The research on ancient Chinese mobile bet365 in 2019 presents a series of new characteristics。There are excellent research works in various periods，Full of new ideas，A new academic research paradigm is in the process of being formed。

　　Focus on the right to speak academically

More than a hundred years，China’s philosophy and social sciences are mainly based on the West as a benchmark，The current academic discourse system is also established with reference to Western standards to a considerable extent。But Western philosophy and social sciences，Rooted in the soil of the West，has its specific applicability，In view of this，Research on ancient Chinese mobile bet365 is constantly trying to accelerate the establishment of academic discourse。Among many issues，Scholars are trying to establish a relevant interpretation system in China，Building a theoretical system with Chinese characteristics。Because of this，The study of ancient Chinese mobile bet365 has entered a new stage of theoretical thinking，Marxist dialectics and historical materialism receive further attention，The reference and application of social science theories has been significantly enhanced，More and more scholars are devoted to theoretical research based on empirical mobile bet365。

Research on major issues remains hot，There are many new things to say。Palace politics in pre-Qin Dynasty、Republican Administration、Shiqing system and farming、Quantity，The theory of prophecy in Qin and Han Dynasties，Fan towns in the Tang Dynasty、Emission、Fu army system、Linghu，The difference between Yi and Xia in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties、Nine-grade Zhongzheng system，Theory of change in Tang and Song Dynasties，Qing Dynasty Criticism，Enriching the People’s Society、Scholar Society、Official system、Ritual，Both are key issues that last a long time。But new wine in an old bottle，There are many new opinions on old issues，For example, Yang Nianqun's "Scientific Explanation and Modern Imagination of Criticism in the Qing Dynasty" ("Historical mobile bet365 Research" Issue 2, 2019) reflects on and sorts out the popular evaluation model of Criticism in the Qing Dynasty，Rethinking the pros and cons of textual criticism。

National Governance、Social Control，Is an important issue in real political life，Reflected in the study of ancient Chinese mobile bet365，The same thing。National Governance Thoughts、National governance capacity、National governance experience、National decision-making mechanism, etc.，Relevant treatises have appeared，For example, the special topic "China's National Governance from a Historical Perspective" published by "Chinese Social Sciences" in the first issue of 2019，Explores the state governance in mobile bet365 from different angles in 4 articles。Research on dynastic social control is also carried out under the discourse of national governance，渻、Ethnic relations、Local Defense、There are many scholars involved in issues such as cultural control。

　　The scientificization of society is further deepened

Since the 20th century，Chinese historiography is increasingly focusing on the application of social science theories and methods in historical research，But social science is not just a method and tool for studying mobile bet365，More comprehensive knowledge of mobile bet365、Multiple levels of influence。The scientificization of society has given Chinese mobile bet365 a new vision and method，The research topic、Research objects and research fields have undergone substantial adjustments，Historical explanation ability and theorizing level have been significantly improved。The social scientificization of Chinese mobile bet365，It is the result of the evolution of Chinese historiography，Closely related to the introduction of Western social sciences。2019，Sociology、Economics、Communication、Political Science、Theories and methods in law and other fields，Be more fully used in historical research，For example, the relationship between village public opinion and the country、Social mobility、Political ecology, etc.。What deserves special attention is the combination of political science and cultural mobile bet365，Fully reflected in the etiquette、Ritual and national relationship、Under investigation of the relationship between social structures。Among them，Ancient mobile bet365、Medieval mobile bet365 focuses on the relationship between etiquette and politics，Focus on the investigation of upper-level rituals such as suburban sacrifices；The mobile bet365 of the Ming and Qing Dynasties paid more attention to the changes of common people under ritual、The close connection between folk rituals and the entire social and political culture。

Economic mobile bet365、Social mobile bet365 is still a model of social science in the study of ancient Chinese mobile bet365，Research methods present multidisciplinary synthesis，Especially sociology、Economics has a greater influence，The content of social mobile bet365 is becoming more and more abundant；The methodology begins to shift from data interpretation to logical interpretation，Abstract thinking、Rational judgment plays an increasingly important role in the study of economic mobile bet365；There is a technical shift in research methods，Quantitative research is unavoidable in economic mobile bet365。Historical econometrics uses economic theory and economic language、Statistical analysis methods，Using micro-applied metrology for causal identification、Related analysis，Because of the increase in the number of economists engaged in economic mobile bet365 research，We have indeed achieved some remarkable results。For example, Peng Kaixiang's "Monetization and Diversification: The Monetary "Polyphony" of the Ming and Qing Dynasties Instigated by Silver" ("Chinese Economic mobile bet365 Research" Issue 6, 2019) reinterprets the process of silver monetization in the Ming and Qing Dynasties with economic theory. Some questions。

　　Global vision is increasingly forming a consensus

“One Belt, One Road” is an important opportunity for the study of ancient Chinese mobile bet365 to develop from a global perspective，Sea、Overland Silk Road，Focus on more than just traditional silk、Porcelain trade，There are also books、The special meaning of paper (Rong Xinjiang: "The Significance of Paper to Silk Road Civilization Exchanges"，"Chinese mobile bet365 Research" 2019 Issue 1)，And two-way exchange of material culture。Research on transportation routes，Also began to pay attention to more remote areas and routes that were less studied in the past (Ma Jianchun: "Middle East Business Travel on the "Maritime Silk Road" from the 7th to the 15th Century AD"，"Chinese mobile bet365 Research" 2019 Issue 1)。Research from the perspective of globalization is most notable in the field of economic mobile bet365，Globalization、Silver flow，This triggered several specialized discussions。"Research on Chinese Economic mobile bet365" Issue 6，Also organized a written talk on the topic of "The Evolution of Silver in Chinese Economic mobile bet365"，4 scholars paid attention to the issue of silver monetization from the Ming and Qing Dynasties to modern times。The formation and nature of the Qing Dynasty，Also able to discuss from a global perspective (Li Huaiyin: "The Formation and Nature of the Qing State from a Global Perspective—Focusing on Geostrategy and Financial Structure"，"Historical Research" 2019 Issue 2)。

Corresponding to the globalization of vision is the fragmentation of research content，Empiricalization of research methods。Among them，The most obvious study on the mobile bet365 of the financial tax system。Pre-Qin corvee、Military Endowment，Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties household registration，Research on the Tang Dynasty War，Supplied materials during the Ming and Qing Dynasties、Silver Finance、Research on disasters，Although it is an old issue，But new research is more detailed，Ru Qiu Xigui’s research on the Qiguo Quantity System ("Supplementary Theory of the Qi Quantity System"，"Chinese mobile bet365 Research" 2019 Issue 1)。Pre-Qin Studies，Already meticulous about regional culture，Regional research in each time period is more in-depth，Not only as part of a national study，And it is connected with regional mobile bet365 research from a global perspective，A lot of consensus has been formed。Solid empirical research，The writing behind the historical materials has received unprecedented attention，For example, Hou Xudong’s discussion on Daoguang Records and the Opium War ("How the Event was Generated？——Daoguang’s daily life and the formation of the “Opium War” as an event》，"Academic Monthly" Issue 11, 2019)，Through analysis of writing techniques、The complex connotations behind writing，Attracted a lot of attention。

From this，Archaeological data are fully used in research。Tsinghua Brief、Zhangjiashan Han Slips、Liye Qin Slips、The value of Changsha Eastern Han Dynasty bamboo slips and other bamboo slips is undoubted，Its application reaches new heights，Interpretation of bamboo slips and silk from more angles，Extend to more topics，For example, Zhang Rongqiang's "The Replacement of Simple Papers and the Moving Up of the Center of Grassroots Rule in Ancient China" ("Chinese Social Sciences" Issue 9, 2019)。With the advancement of archaeological technology and the advancement of archaeological relics protection policies，The study of Chinese mobile bet365 is supported by more archaeological material，Archaeological discoveries will raise new issues，The discovery of Ruhaihunhou’s tomb triggered a series of discussions。

　Issues at different times affect each other

Limited by factors such as data sources，The differences in topics at different times are still obvious，But there are obvious clues of mutual influence。Qin and Han discussed remote litigation、Scholars from Chang'an；The mobile bet365 of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties paid attention to the mobile bet365 of books (Jin Qinghao: "The Popularization of Books and East Asian Society in the Han and Jin Dynasties"，"Nandu Academic Journal" 2019 Issue 4)、Family marriage；Contract documents have become more research materials for the mobile bet365 of the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties (such as Yang Jiping: "Several Issues in the Study of the mobile bet365 of Contracts in Ancient my country"，"Chinese mobile bet365 Research" 2019 Issue 3)，During this period, the economic status of the villagers was also discussed；Microscopic personal life trajectory research appeared in the direction of Song mobile bet365 (You Biao: "Descendants of a Famous Family: The Abnormal Life Trajectory of an Ordinary Person in the Song Dynasty"，"Chinese mobile bet365 Research" 2019 Issue 3)；Many political issues emerged in the mobile bet365 of Ming and Qing Dynasties，Such as the ennoblement system (Qin Bo: "Suspension and Enlargement of Enfeoffments: The Evolution of the Enfeoffment System since the Jiajing Dynasty in the Ming Dynasty"，"Chinese mobile bet365 Research" 2019 Issue 3)、Administrative changes, etc.。

The focus of research on Ming and Qing mobile bet365 has shifted from focusing on economic and social mobile bet365，To political mobile bet365、Military mobile bet365、Legal mobile bet365 Transfer；Ancient mobile bet365、Medieval mobile bet365 mainly focuses on political mobile bet365，To social mobile bet365、Cultural mobile bet365、Life mobile bet365 transfer。Research on the mobile bet365 of the Ming and Qing dynasties and later Chinese mobile bet365 has been significantly influenced by social science methods，This trend goes back to ancient mobile bet365、Extension of medieval mobile bet365。The issue of Song mobile bet365 shows an obvious transitional nature。Due to data situation、Affected by factors such as measurement application，Research on ancient Chinese mobile bet365 continues to pay more attention to the mobile bet365 of the Ming and Qing Dynasties。

In short，Research on ancient Chinese mobile bet365 in 2019 shows great vitality，Different time periods、Different research fields are constantly intersecting and integrating，And absorb the theoretical methods of social science、Used archaeological excavations and research results，Has a more global perspective，New research hot spots have been formed。

(The author is a professor of mobile bet365 Department, School of Humanities, Xiamen University、Director of the Institute of mobile bet365)