December 16, 2020，The "Civilization Research Research Research Research Conference" sponsored by the Department of History of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences was held in Beijing。The meeting aims to implement the spirit of the important speech of General Secretary Jinping at the 23rd collective study of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China，Dialogue between promoting archeology and history，Research on the Origin of Chinese Civilization。The meeting was chaired by Researcher Wang Wei, Director of the Ministry of History，More than 40 scholars from more than ten scientific research units and universities attended the meeting。The host of the excavations of some important capitals reported the Lingjia Beach、Liangzhu、Shijiahe、Tao Temple、Shi Ji、Archaeological Discovery of Ruishan Tong and other sites。Scholars participating in the meeting started exchanges around these important discoveries，The significance of "the archeological discovery of the Duyi site before the Xia Dynasty、The connotation and definition of civilization and its relationship with the country、Logo to enter a civilized society、The characteristics of Chinese civilization "and other major issues discussed。

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Deputy Director Wang Zhenzhong, deputy director of the History Department of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, took the lead in asking about the sources of nearly 200,000 kilograms of food relics at the Liangzhu site at the Liangzhu site at the Liangzhu site，Professor of the School of Art and Archeology at Zhejiang University、Liu Bin, former director of the Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology, answered: Analysis of isotopes can only illustrate that its origin is different，It is difficult to determine the specific source location。Wang Wei asked whether the bone needles unearthed from the Shiji site are concentrated in a certain area、Is there a close relationship with the building base address。Deputy Researcher at the Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeological Research、Shao Jing, deputy captain of the Archaeological Team of Shijie, answered，Bone needles are mostly Bet365 app download found in the "abandoned accumulation"，Source may be a bone workshop on the top of the city platform。Yi Jianping, a professor at the School of History and Culture of South China Normal University, noticed that the word "Miyagi" and "Royal Cemetery" are mentioned in several ruins reports，His question: What is "Gong" refers to，How to know that the tomb owner is the "royal family"? He Nu, Bet365 app download a researcher at the Institute of Archeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, takes Tao Temple as an example，It is believed that "palace" is a high -level building complex for high -level people，These buildings should be distinguished by different functions，or politics，or for living (such as post -bed)，or for sacrifice，It is still difficult to determine at present;，The family cemetery presents with a certain blood relationship at the Tao Temple site，Divided partitions in the cemetery，Large tombs are relatively concentrated in a area，So it is called the "royal cemetery"。Yi Jianping immediately said，In Egypt and the Lianghe Basin，Archaeological、National data shows that there are two important buildings: one is public building，The second is Wangcheng or Palace。From the perspective of West Asia，The real Miyagi appears late，The earliest important building is a temple or a shelter，There are some "palaces" in Erli, which may be public buildings instead of the king's palace。Yi Jianping also thinks，Related research ignores the most important "population problem"。Archaeologists participating in the meeting do not agree with this view，I believe that archeology is most important in research in research。

Professor Li Yujie, a professor at the School of History and Social Sciences of Chongqing Normal University, believes，Mobilization ability is a element formed by an early country or ancient country。Shen Changyun, a professor at the School of History and Culture of Hebei Normal University, is Liangzhu、Shi Ji、Discovery and research of Tao Temple and other sites proposed: a site lasted for hundreds of years，What period did it enter a civilized society? at present，It has not been made clear in its age and connotation。Professor Luo Xinhui, a professor at the School of History of Beijing Normal University, based on Liangzhu、Tao Temple、Large altar appeared in the Shiji site，Affirmed the role of sacrifice rights in the formation of the country。Wang Wei said，The attention point bet365 live casino games of historians is worth paying attention to，Archaeologists also hope to explain a more comprehensive explanation of the site。

　The origin of civilization caused heated discussion

Professor Yu Xiyun, a professor at the School of History of Wuhan University, believes，The three journey of the origin of Chinese civilization proposed by archaeologist Su Bingqi "Ancient Culture、Ancient City、Ancient Kingdom，It should be from "logic、History、The relationship between development is connected to understand "。Su Bingqi proposed the three types of trilateral and development models in the national development stage of China，and Engels "Home、The Origin of Private and the State of the State、Rome、Deutsche Third Phase and Athens、Rome、There is a connection between the three models of German Deutsche。Yu Xiyun thinks，If the concepts such as "ancient country" proposed by Su Bingqi are not perfect，So under the guidance of the principle of seeking truth from facts，Put forward more reasonable concepts，Innovation theory on the basis of innovation cognition。

Wang Zhenzhong take Liangzhu as an example，Think of the capital as the core、The regime that controls a certain range is a country，It is also called "State State"。If you want to give it the next definition，That is the two signs proposed by Engels: divide people by region、Public power over the society，This is consistent with the concept of modern European and American anthropologists; early China was a country that retains blood relationships，Combination of regime with blood。Professor Du Yong, a professor at the School of History and Culture of Tianjin Normal University, emphasizes the importance of discipline dialogue，It is believed that the goal of archaeological and historics in studying the origin of Chinese civilization is consistent，Archaeologists need to conduct further macro research and theoretical improvement based on a large number of archaeological materials。Researcher Gong Gong, Bet365 app download a researcher at the Institute of Ancient History of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, believes，Research on the Origin of Civilization is a process of unity of theory and practice，and the internal connection and external nature of the origin of civilization、The appearance and characteristics of the origin of civilization、The status and influence of the origin of civilization made a view。Xu Lianggao, a researcher at the Institute of Archeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences，Archaeologists do not pay attention to theory，Archeology itself has both archeology and anthropology，But in the research practice, you cannot simply apply certain theories and concepts。

Liu Bin also believes that the goal of archeology and history is consistent，Start from archeological materials，summary、Summarize and depict the history before Xia，Summarize the form and development of ancient Chinese society。Liangzhu Culture's pottery、Stoneware、Jade，Especially the god emblem that represents faith，Highly consistent in the Taihu Basin，This is the cultural community reflected by archeology，is the foundation of the ancient country of Liangzhu。Jade and other rituals invented by Liangzhu Culture，After spreading to Shandong、Shanxi、Shaanxi、Sichuan。This communication and inheritance，Reflecting the process of Chinese culture from diversified to one -meter。

Guo Weimin, a researcher at Hunan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology, summarized the characteristics of the aforementioned sites，It is believed that the important archaeological results of the above sites indicate，Some sites are obviously not ordinary primitive tribal society，but a more complicated layered society，At that time, Chinese civilization and early countries had arrived。Archaeological materials and literature historical materials (including handed down literature and unearthed literature)、National Chronicles、Materials for scientific analysis and detection，All are important materials that constitute research history，It is recommended to obtain breakthroughs of theoretical and methods on this basis，Study the contribution of ancient China to the historical process of the world。

Professor Zhao Hui, a professor at Peking University Archaeological Expo College, emphasized two problems: first，The extensive research on the origin of Chinese civilization is also very short，Related research and theoretical construction has just begun。Just the concepts such as the "ancient country" proposed by Su Bingqi，Zhao Hui believes that you don't have to entangle in the concept itself，The important thing is that the origin of Chinese civilization proposed by Su Bingqi is a "process"、There may be different ideas of different "roads" in different places in bet365 best casino games China。2，Archaeological community has obtained important discoveries in a short time，I have carried out a certain theoretical thinking，and borrowed the theory of foreign academic circles。But you need to test and correct these theories with China's archeological materials，Mix Chinese materials，Compare with foreign countries，Therefore, the theory that conforms to the reality of Chinese history。

Professor Zhang Chi, a professor at Peking University China Archeology Research Center，Ancient history with traditional literature as the core、The theory of social anthropology and the three discourse systems of prehistoric archeology，The first two comes with a halo，But there are certain limitations。This is the reason why prehistoric archeology proposed，However, it is unrealistic to explain clearly in the short term。Ancient historical talk system and social anthropology theory almost all indicators，No exact evidence of prehistoric archeology at present，You need fake time。

　　Pay attention to the comparison of the origin of Chinese and foreign civilization

Dai Dai, a research librarian of the National Museum of China, reviewed the course of the research on the origin of Chinese civilization，It is believed that the source of civilization is actually a discussion of the development of social complexity。In the end of history，Liangzhu、Tao Temple、"Super Settlement" and Lingjia Beach、Dongshan Village、West Po、Small central settlement such as Dadi Bay，Regardless of the scale of its site or the complexity of the settlement，There are very different differences，Reflects the changes in the form of social forms from morning to night。The former should represent the formation of early countries，The latter belongs to the former national regional government。As for the latter, it should be called "Emperor State" or "Ancient Country"，There is no fundamental difference。

Liu Jian, Bet365 app download a researcher at the Institute of World History of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, believes from the perspective of different civilization research in the world，Construction of Chinese archeology、The historical discourse system needs to learn from the "other mountain stones" of other civilization research。The Uruk era in the prehistoric era and the civilization of the two river basins in ancient times is generally corresponding to，That is, about 4500 BC。During the development stage of Uruk's cultural development，bet365 best casino games The city begins to appear。But different from China，Temple is the religious center of Uruk City、Political Center、Product Exchange Center，The palace appears around 2000 than the temple。Liu Jian praised the origin of civilization and the origin of the country is a long process.，and explained the origin of ancient West Asian wedge -shaped text as an example。The earliest text appeared around 3100 BC，Is a temporary revenue and expenditure record，The literature used for preservation is only about 2900 BC.。She also thinks，China's jade culture is a different important breakthrough point，The relationship between jade and etiquette can provide a new perspective for the study of international civilization.。

Professor Han Jianye, a professor at the School of History of Renmin University of China, recognize the comparison of the origin of Chinese and foreign civilization，Emphasizing the objective actual actual departure of archeological materials，perfect the old theory and the old concept，Properly propose new theory and new concepts。At the same time，He also pointed out，It is necessary to form the theory that conforms to both China and can talk to the international academic circles，It is a very difficult process。Another，The scope of the distribution of archaeological culture and the scope of actual control may not be consistent。Tao Temple Culture is distributed in Linfen Basin，But as a country，Tao Temple may control the Lishan 峁 site，May westward to Gansu and Qinghai，East may even go to East Henan。There should be a real historical background behind the legend of ancient history，Can't give up easily。

Li Xinwei, Bet365 app download a researcher at the Institute of Archeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, believes，Population problem research is one of the focus of Chinese and foreign cooperation，Survey of Shandong University around the sites of the two towns involves population problems。About "Emperor State" theory，Professor Gary Ferman who participated in the survey of the sites of the two towns is everyone who is engaged in the "Emperor State" research，Hua Hanwei, who participated in the Eluo River survey, was the founder of early state research。We are just after understanding the theory of "Emperor State"，Only to realize that Chinese scholars need to put forward their own concepts。

Wang Wei believes in the summary of the meeting，The study of Chinese civilization and the origin of the country is a major issue，The study of Chinese civilization and the origin of the country is a major issue，Start from Chinese archeological materials and literature，bet365 Play online games Clarify the origin of civilization in each area、Exchange and interaction and the origin of Chinese civilization and the process of civilization。At the same time，It is also necessary to pay attention to the significance of the process of Chinese civilization in the process of world civilization，to summarize the theory that conforms to both the reality of China and the origin of the world's other regional civilization and the origin of the country。

(The author is Bet365 app download a researcher at the Institute of Archeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)