Urbanization and industrialization are the core content of modernization in world history，Change the industrial structure and urban and rural forms of human society，Economic and social foundation for the production and life of modern society。Chinese -style modernization also uses urbanization and industrialization as one of the core content，But there are many different features that are different from the modernization of countries around the world。These features，Some are process -level phenomena，Some are the essential level of permanentness。Current，The process of urbanization and industrialization has not yet been completed，Many forms still change huge changes。Therefore，We must recognize the essential features，Viewing the essence through the phenomenon，It can not be made with a dogmatic judgment of the characteristics and trends of industrialization and urbanization with the modernization theory of the West，It is not possible to put some unique phenomena in this process、Form、The characteristics are simply regarded as the essence of Chinese -style modernization。"Urban and Rural Integration and Development" is a urbanization and industrial characteristics with Chinese characteristics，Refers to the rapid development process of more than 40 years since the reform and opening up，A relationship between complex blending and development between cities and rural areas，Agriculture、Rural、Farmers constitute the foundation and main force of industrialization and urbanization，Urban and industry also shows the characteristics of nurturing and dependence on the countryside，Confrontation between urban and rural areas during the modernization of Western in the West、The relationship between bet365 Play online games conflict and alternative is very different。This article uses the perspective of sociology to analyze the phenomenon of "urban and rural integration and development" during urbanization，From two seemingly superficial、Temporary Chinese phenomenon to see the deep meaning of Chinese -style modernization in it。

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Since the reform and opening up，The wave of industrialization and urbanization began to be in township enterprises and towns，This is the product of special historical and institutional conditions。But with the development of industrialization and urbanization，The status of the county economy does not have a significant decline，Always occupying an important position in the national economy，In particular in the eastern coastal areas。According to the "Chinese County Statistical Yearbook"，With the most developed eastern Guangdong、Min、Zhejiang、Su、Lu Wu Province as an example，From 2000 to 2020,，The output value of the county's manufacturing industry has always maintained a considerable proportion in the manufacturing industry in the province。The lowest in Guangdong in the five provinces，accounting for about one -thirds，This is related to the regional adjustment of Guangdong Province。The proportion of the other four provinces is generally maintained at more than 50%，In recent years, Zhejiang has been around 2 thirds (66%)，and Jiangsu rose to 70%。

The general understanding of the academic world is，Township enterprises decline，China's manufacturing industry has a process to concentrate towards large coastal cities。From the actual process，Concentration to the coast is the facts，Concentration to big cities is limited，There are quite a large part of the manufacturing and labor -intensive industries in the county area。There are two important reasons for this。First, the local government of China is attracted by investment bet365 Play online games promotion、The influence of the "local competition" model with the main goal of developing the economy。There is a "concentration" process after the decline of township enterprises，Most township enterprises leave the village，Concentrate to the townships and county industrial parks，It is not a market concentration to the county or above; keeping good enterprises in the local government is an important part of the "horizontal competition" between Chinese government。Second, the development of industrial enterprises in the city has a relatively significant "anti -dependent integration" process，In the event of a part of the production link and accessories, it is outsourced to the local enterprise，instead of establishing a giant company。This form of "split outsourcing" forms a unique industrial division of labor in urban and rural areas with Chinese characteristics。The most central enterprise headquarters and R & D department is located in the central city，Important accessories or peripheral industrial chains to counties and towns、Rural extension。Many labor -intensive industrial links are distributed in areas between urban and rural areas，The most peripheral such as "Material Processing" extends into the family and family workshops of rural residents in the way of buying a system。County、Township、Village and farmers' families constitute the enterprise production bases that are invisible to the factory and headquarters in many areas。

The relationship between the development of the county society and China's industrial economy is a long -term discussion topic。From the research results of township enterprises that year，Most foreign scholars attribute the prosperity of township enterprises to market and external environmental factors，And Chinese scholars, especially the study of township enterprises in Peking University, are attributed to local factors，That is to say，The property rights and internal internal of the Bet365 app download township enterprises、The external business method has a strong fit with the local society。After the transfer of township enterprises，Private enterprises with private property rights have better fit with local society，This fit is expressed by some sociologists as the "rural" of Chinese industry。"Rural" from the love of traditional Chinese cultural characteristics、Geo、Karma and political fate composition，Use "Relationship Trust" with Chinese characteristics to replace "institutional trust"，The so -called "trust time difference" advantage，Under certain conditions, it can play a role in reducing transaction costs。This trust not only exists between entrepreneurs，still exists between enterprises and workers、Between corporate and local government cadres、Between enterprise and financial institutions，Trust as interpersonal "platform"，You can "borrow" for various resources。This is a very strong cultural and social resources，Although there are some negative disadvantages，But it gives the affinity like fish and water between China's industrialization and local social resources，This may be one of the essential elements of Chinese -style modernization。From the vertical perspective，This kind of resources are the most abundant in the county and below，This may also be the main reason why the county economy has always maintained vitality。From the horizontal perspective，The degree of industrial development of a region is also related to the "concentration" and "thickness" of this resource，It's just more complicated，Study to be more in -depth。

The county economy of urban and rural integration is the base and the rear of urbanization 

From the perspective of urbanization of world history，Large -scale and persistent population flow is one of the biggest features of urbanization in China。China's migrant population from millions of the 1990s、tens of millions to 2020 have exceeded 300 million，It is a phenomenon bet365 Play online games that has never been in the history of the world。From the theory of Western modernization，This is unstable factor，But from the perspective of Chinese practice，This is both a factor that maintains economic vitality，It is a social stability factor，and it will continue for a long historical stage。Farmers go out to work like people in the city to go to work，Just in space、More extension in time、Open it。After more than 30 years of development，With the changes in the lives of the mobile family's population and the change of the family life cycle，It has presented "flow order、The flow pattern of "advance and retreat"，It has formed some time and space rules。Flowing still uses interpersonal relationships in Chinese society as "Rural"，It has formed some time and space rules，It is also the stable force of flow。A person flowing outside，The red and white happy events in the village invite guests to participate，Just like a kite holding the line，Maintain a close relationship with the distant villages。From the perspective of family，These rules marry each family、childbirth、School、The laws of pension are linked，A large proportion of migrant workers are "Little Little Leave the Boss Back"。The "home" they return is not necessarily the home in the village，Many are "home"。"Home" means very complicated for the flow of population，Their "amphibious" and "amphibious" in the village、county seat and construction site，Their home "opens" between urban and rural areas。This urban and rural forms involved in China's future，It also determines the important feature of Chinese -style modernization。Chinese -style modernization is the modernization of "people"，The mobile population can best reflect this。

Urban and rural integration development in the county is to create a "homeland" for the flow of the flowing population。Livable and industrial is the main content of the integration of urban and rural areas Bet365 app download of the county，This also determines the future direction of urbanization of Chinese characteristics。How to get the road of integration and development of urban and rural areas，Depending on the deep understanding of the characteristics of the essential nature of Chinese -style。Specific to this question，It is a understanding of the current status and laws of flow population flow。In the central and western regions，Go home for the flow of population，Often because of family mission，It is not necessarily because there are better employment opportunities in my hometown。Family mission is to raise、Reading、Care、Pension，If there is a suitable industry in the hometown and county，It can meet the requirements of livable and business at the same time。As far as the central and western regions are concerned，The most important thing about the county economy is popularity，The key to popularity may not be the development of high -tech industries、Advanced Manufacturing，but the construction of infrastructure and public services，Is education、Medical、Traffic、Housing and industries suitable for local conditions。Where，The relationship between livable and livable is very complicated。Popularity，Industry is easy to develop，It's easier to attract investment。The key understanding here is，As far as the theme of the flowing population is concerned，Old when I get home is still the mainstream choice，When you are young, you can go back without going back，As you grow,，Go back when you can go back。The location of the county economy in Chinese -style modernization，is the big rear and base area，So the development of the county economy is building a homeland。Building their own home，It is to build a house to buy a house for your own house，and the county economy is to build and decorate big families and big houses、Big Community。From this to，China urbanization roads need to be passed，Go out of Chinese characteristics，Bet365 app download Urban and rural fusion、Livable and Young，The development of the zone between urban and rural areas is the key。

To sum up，Urban and rural integration development is a concentrated manifestation of Chinese -style modernization in urbanization，In the huge -scale population, common prosperity、The coordinated development of material civilization and spiritual civilization will play an important role。

　(The author is a professor at the Department of Sociology at Peking University)