Cultural exchanges and mutual learning in art archaeological vision
June 02, 2023 05:08 Source: "China Social Sciences" June 2663, 2023 Author: Lianchunhai

In the territory of world history,Different civilizations are like the long river that runs endlessly,But,Their development is not always clear,sometimes magnificent,No forward,sometimes immersed with each other,Even convergence。Chinese civilization in its development process for more than 5,000 years,The custom of the surrounding areas and the customs of the surrounding areas and the Silk Road,Nourishing the humanistic ecology with deep content,Huaxia Civilization Circle, which has been spread out of China centered,Even 17、Europe in the 18th century has a strong Chinese style。From the perspective of art archeology,This is an intricate global civilization evolution process。Chinese and surrounding areas and countries and nations along the Silk Road,Long -term periods in various areas related to clothing, food, housing and transportation、Multi -level communication and interaction。

First is "clothing"。The function of the dressing is beyond the time to meet the time of the shield,It has transformed into a symbol of the progress of human civilization。In the etiquette culture of Huaxia,Clothing has a pivotal position,In the twenty -fourth history, all seal recorded in the dynasties of clothing and etiquette,"Servant" bet365 Play online games is a good explanation。After Zhang Jian's envoys,The development of the Silk Road opened the communication channel between the continental Asia and Europe,spread the essence of Chinese clothing culture to all parts of the world,It has made important contributions to the development of clothing culture in ancient Eurasia,Impact deep。Actually,This process may also be traced backward,According to the record of the Biography of Mu Tianzi, the Book of Bamboo Book,Zhou Mu Wang gave a lot of gifts with a pair of silk fabrics "brocade group" in many gifts.,This is the earliest record of the external output of silk in the known literature,​​This period in Central Asia、The unearthed in the aristocratic tombs of Western Asia also obtained evidence。In terms of traditional and living customs,Huaxia people and neighboring countries and regions also often conduct exchanges and reference,The most typical example is the military reform promoted by King Zhao Wuling during the Warring States Period,Introduction of Hu Fu riding shooting,This has completely changed the dilemma of Zhao Guo's difficult survival in the gap between the nations。Sometimes this reference is very micro,Such as a buckle in the clothes。Symbol of the identity as a noble man,Hooks during the Han Dynasty are very important,Just as "Huainanzi · Talking Lin Xun" said,"Sitting in the whole hall,Vision hooks are different "。Nobles often make exquisite hooks regardless bet365 best casino games of cost,With hooks or gilt gold、silver -plated,or inlaid with rare gems,Luxury。They even set their sights on the gold belt buckle in the Huns' clothing,The Han Dynasty princely king's tomb is often found to be fastened with fasteners,Consistent patterns,But the workmanship is better。During the Qin and Han dynasties,Huaxia End of the State of the State of the Local State,Go to unification,At the same time,Northern Enemy Huns also entered the best period of history,Frequent conflicts between Han Hungary,However, even so,Cultural exchanges and references between nations have not been interrupted。The process of national communication,Sometimes it is also the process of formation and improvement of traditional and custom,The so -called "Siyi Zuo Zhen" in "Shang Shu",From the perspective of unearthed,It is not necessarily "Hu custom",The beginning of their dress is not limited to "Left 衽",There are also right -handed and opposite plackets,"Zuo Yan" is the passive response of "Siyi" to Huaxia Cognition,and further establish your own identity。

Followed by "Food"。China as a world -famous food culture country,For thousands of years, it has not only cultivated grain crops,It is also introduced from outside the domain,Among them, the most successful is wheat。Wheat found in Westia,Pass to China about 5,000 years ago,and become the main crops in northern China。and rice native to China,Later spread to all parts of the world,Bet365 app download Song Dynasty,China is introduced back from Vietnam to Zhancheng rice,Gradually formed the agricultural production pattern of "South Daei Mai",Lay the foundation for the development of Chinese food culture。This is the same to food,Chinese tofu passed to the Korean Peninsula during the Song Dynasty,Qing Dynasty passed to Europe,Very loved by the world。other,Chinese and foreign cultural exchanges have also brought China's exquisite food appliances to the world。Taking ceramics as an example,They output along the Silk Road,Placed at the table,Decoration in the hall,Fading sought after。Europeans' love for Chinese ceramics,Even the degree of acceptance that the crushing items repaired by tin are acceptable,The technique of repairing ceramics later developed into a tin inlaid technology。Of course,Under the influence and inspiration of Europeans in Chinese ceramic art,It has also developed local ceramic skills,Famous porcelain -making companies such as Mason in Germany、Celar in France、Royal Vienna in Austria、Capitimetteti, Italy, etc.,Represents the top level of European porcelain。Also pay attention to,Silk Road is divided into land and sea roads,The latter is also called "Road to the Sea" or "Road to Sea Ceramics",Each aliases represent a glory of history,corresponding to the past of different material cultural exchanges and frequent interaction of civilization。

Once again "Living"。Eastern Han Dynasty,The "Hu Bed" bet365 live casino games used by the nomads of the northern nomads has been introduced into the Central Plains。Northern and Southern Dynasties,High -foot sitting is popular,At this time, sitting is still the most noble sitting position,until the Tang Dynasty,Sitting on the floor is still very common,The lifestyle sitting on the foot was completely established until the Song Dynasty was completely established。High -footed utensils have greatly changed people's lifestyle。The new sitting position also prompted the increase in indoor space,caused changes in building structure,Promoting the development of construction technology。Architecture after the Song Dynasty,The slope of the roof is getting steeper and steep,In order to make up for the weakening of the aesthetics brought by steep,The corner of the building starts to rise,and higher and higher; the increase in indoor space also leads to changes in the height ratio of the pillar and the bucket arch; the roof becomes steep,Even after the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it became a decoration。The architectural shape after the Song Dynasty moved from solemn and majestic to upright and beautiful,Chinese architecture has been given new connotation since then。

Last "line"。Represented by transportation,The appearance of them,Not only greatly broaden the scope of people's movement,It has changed people’s thinking mode,Cardly contact between different ethnic groups,This has accelerated the process Bet365 lotto review of civilization development。"Examination Gong Ji" contains: "One of the people and gathered together,The car is more。"" In ancient times,The production of the carriage is an extremely complicated system engineering,Need a variety of processes and close cooperation of different personnel,Formation of this system、Development and improvement is a long process。We from the advanced carriage unearthed from the Han Dynasty,You can see a lot of reflection of the grassland style、Make exquisite Danglu decoration。In the history of world transportation,The production of some things seems simple,But its appearance has a huge impact on the development of traffic,Ma Yan, known as "Chinese boots", is such an epoch -making invention,It appears not only for transportation,and politics、Military has a significant impact。

The prosperity of civilization and progress are inseparable from the communication between different ethnic groups、Learning and mutual learning。The intertwined and fusion of culture continues to drive the world's civilized ships to roll forward。No doubt,The glorious history of the endless Chinese civilization is a history of exchange and mutual learning of world civilization,It is a constant absorption of new ideas、New Concept,Keep accepting new things、Create a new civilization、The process of contributing new value,This process has never interrupted since Xia Shang。The reason why Chinese civilization Bet365 app download can stand for thousands of years in the forest of the world for thousands of years,It is because of this self -innovation spirit in the blood,This also makes the Chinese nation after encountering countless calamities,can still be reborn。

(Author Unit: Institute of Art Research Institute of China Art Research Institute)

Editor in charge: Changchang
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