"Internet+" is turning to the era of "artificial intelligence+" era。Chinese and foreign scholars often use technology to "explode", "strange point", "revolution" to describe artificial intelligence (Artificial Intelligence，The expansion speed of the following referred to as AI) and its possible social impact。British scholar Karus Zeri pointed out: "The possibility of intelligent explosion is usually called technology strange point。For humans，This may be amazing good news，It may also be a moment of disaster。"and the global mass media seems to be mainly rendering the" disaster "side。Descartes said "I think I am"，Pascal said, "All our dignity lies in thought" -The when AI seems to have "thought" today，Our human dignity is being "offens" by machines。Except "thought (philosophy)"，In the art and culture production revolution caused by AI，This dignity is also being "violated": the automatic painting of the computer is no longer a new thing，Now AI can also compose ... The "phenomenal incident" in it seems to be the Microsoft AI robot Xiaobing，and also published a decent poem collection。

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Modern people's resistance to their dignity of being offended，To some extent is an instinctual reaction -for AI that breaks into the field of literary and artistic creation，The main body of literary production in the traditional sense，Especially artists，Bet365 app download The current overall emotions are probably this，This is evident from some of the remarks they published in public。To some extent，This resistance can be understood as a brand new "Lude fallacy"。"Luddite Fallacy" is a point of view in developing economics。19th Century，Blue -collar workers believe that applying automated machines in production will reduce the demand for labor，Then lead to an increase in unemployment rate。Now this concept has been more intuitive in the relationship between humans and AI。

Fear of unknown things，It is another instinct response that is common，This kind of fear is intertwined with emotions，Will deeply affect our cognition of AI。This complex emotion has been fully used by the Hollywood film industry for a long time，Production one after another, threats and even replacement of intelligent robots、Destroy human science fiction blockbuster。In recent years，With the explosive development of AI，Alpha、Sophia and other business gimmicks spread crazy on the public media，Further strengthening people's fear and resistance to AI，enlarged the "Lu De false"。

Artists generally think，"Art Products" produced by cold machines without "emotion"，Unable to touch people's aesthetic emotions and cause psychological aesthetic reactions，Therefore, there is no appreciation value。but，If we make in -depth reflection on the above views，I will find a lot of problems。If the "natural" "production" of "nature" without emotion can trigger people's aesthetic participation，So the "artwork" created by machine may not be aesthetically interacting with humans。According to the principle of "Turing Test"，A person Bet365 app download and a smart machine and equipment are separated，Make random questions and communication without knowing each other，If more than 30 % of testers cannot be sure that the other party is a machine，That means that this device has "human intelligence" -Thalery test can also be used to test the artworks produced by AI，To prove whether the AI ​​machine has aesthetic intelligence。AI can simulate human brain nerve or psychological response，The artworks produced by it can also cause aesthetic reactions of human nerve or psychology — this is at least possible to be technically possible。We can question the current AI ideological or artistic creative ability，But you should understand，AI is still in the "infant and child" period，Its self -learning、Self -growth ability has unlimited potential，Although humans help in their growth process。

Facing the global cognitive status of AI，Only humanistic feelings are not enough，Scientific rational reflection is very necessary -cultural theory research has greatness。

　　"Mechanical Original" caused the main change of production

AI's revolutionary influence on culture is mainly reflected in the epoch -making revolution of cultural production tools，Understand the great meaning of this revolution，First of all, you must go back to the development history of modern cultural production tools。Benjamin uses Marx's criticism of the "machine system" to refine the concept of "mechanical replication"，It is believed that modern culture is also manifested as a "machine production" in production tools。In "printing capital" or so -called "Guden Fort" era，Automatic printing machine opened the era of "mechanical replication" Bet365 app download of modern cultural production，The large -scale production and communication of text products also opened the process of popularization of cultural consumption，and the popularity rate of the public has increased significantly，It means that "text" cultural production tools are becoming more and more popular。In the "electronic capital" era in the subsequent，Broadcast、Movie、TV, etc. to make the production of modern cultural machines enter the "electronic replication" stage，The popularization of cultural consumption is promoted again，Camera、Video、Machinery and equipment such as recorder and other mechanical equipment becomes more likely to master cultural production tools。At the end of the 20th century，Information technology has created a revolutionary leap，The representative of becoming advanced science and technology of contemporary contemporary，The development of human society and culture entered the "digital copy" stage of "digital capital"，and "non -intelligent" computer、web1.0，Still in the so -called "mechanical replication" stage of Ben Yaming。

AI appears，It marks the development of the computer to the new stage of "intelligence"，Modern cultural production once again leap forward，Enter the new "Mechanical Production" stage，The revolutionary significance of its epoch -making is based on the "digital copy" "digital capitalism" that cannot be covered by。For example, AI robot Xiaobing is still a computer software program，But "she" is not "copying" the same poem work，Instead, you can constantly "create" a different work -if the machines such as TV mainly trigger the "consumer revolution" of popular bet365 live casino games culture，So，AI caused by the "production revolution" of popular culture。Intelligent automation makes the "machine" become the "production subject" of literary works under the capital framework，This pair of "people" in the "main body" status in cultural intelligence production for thousands of years，Obviously a challenge and even threat，and the traditional "human learning" paradigm is no longer fully suitable for explanation of this new cultural phenomenon。Similarly，The Internet developed to the web2.0 stage，Internet social platform technology is constantly updated，Volkswagen is no longer just a "consumer" of cultural information products，Instead of becoming a direct "producer"，Fusion of it with intelligent technology，Forging the super -cultural production tools of modern Volkswagen, that is, smartphones，The previous camera、Video、Triven machines and many other machine functions are gathered on a smartphone，Cultural production tools are further popular。

　　Artificial intelligence needs to break the capital monopoly

"Machine" becomes "smart subject"，It is the continuous revolutionary of modern science and technology and machine system under capital framework、The final result of cumulative development，Before that，kinetic energy automation first makes the machine the "main body of kinetic energy" -The traditional non -automated production tools are always only human objects。Automation is one of the prerequisites that make the machine become the main body，For example, a hoe, etc., as a non -automated production tool, cannot become a "main body"; another prerequisite is that automated machines Bet365 app download are occupied and monopolized by "capital"，Just under the capital framework or in the capitalist application of the machine，The machine can become the main body，Only threatened or even replaced the blue -collar workers as "physical body"。Only abandoned this capitalist application and then discarded private ownership，The machine can be restored as a real object -the workers who launch a smashing machine at the time did not consciously realize this，Finally formed the so -called "Lu De fallacy"。

Marx's criticism of automated machines that year，Also suitable for our current analysis of AI: If the former mainly affects material production，So the latter directly affects cultural production。According to the production process，Cultural products have also begun to be automated by machine，AI machine for TV、camera, etc.，Just like the 19th -century machine system for hoe，If the former threatens the blue -collar worker as the "physical body"，So the latter directly threatened white -collar workers or knowledge workers, including "intellectual", including cultural practitioners。Marx has dialectically pointed out，Energy automation threatens workers while threatening workers，It also opened a process that was liberated from the form of physical labor from its employment form。Similarly，AI while threatening knowledge workers，It will also start the process that liberated intellectual labor such as cultural production from its employment form。Facing AI as the increasing threat of "smart subjects"，Many Chinese and Western scholars have proposed people -machine interaction、Breeding、Coexistence bet365 Play online games and other solutions，but，Do not alleviate capital's monopoly on AI technology and its development，This wonderful solution may be difficult to realize。

(Author Unit: Institute of Literature of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)