October 6, 2022，announcement of the Swedish College，French writer Annie Ernaux won the Nobel Prize in Nobel Literature in 2022，The reasons for the award is: "She takes courage、Calm and keen revealing the root of personal memory、Bargaining and collective depression。"Elno was born in Liller Bona，After graduating from college, teach in middle school，After working at the French distance education center。1974，Erno opened a literary career with "Empty Wardrobe"，1984，The "Location" he created won the French Renaoto Award，2021，Elno has won the International Writer Lifetime Honor Award of the Royal Society of Literature，thus among the first -class French contemporary first -class writers。Elno's novels are both strong autobiography，It also shows a broad social life，Therefore, it is often called "social autobiography"。Although Elino emphasizes his work unintentionally write his own life，But this "social autobiography" more truly reveals the situation and secrets of individual existence。

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Elno's novel is always obsessed with writing of self -story，Starting from "Empty Wardrobe" (1974)，"Location" (1986)、"Yo Yo Ye" (2003)、"Shame" (2007) and other works all show the growth process of a humble girl，Family Life、Marriage and Emotional Experience Repeatedly appeared in its novels。But her memory writing does not have the slightest narcissism，The subtle interaction of personal life and collective experience is the focus of autobiography，As Erno said: "I am confident now，The way to project yourself to the external world is compared with the internal province of the private diary，More helpful to discover yourself。”

"Location" tells the life of his father from the perspective of "I": from dropping out of school to the farm，Go to the cable rope after service，Finally, in city Y and mother, running bet365 Play online games a coffee grocery store，Until 1967 died。My father's life is working hard to obtain a better social location，"I" also married a middle -class family in the strong willingness of the parents，Become the real Burchoa。In the novel，"I" as a narrator is no longer limited to individual dimensions，but deeply embedded in the collective "us"，"My" questioning and review of his father often expands through "our side" -the life of the civilian class，The individuality and internal nature of "I" are completely integrated into collective and externality。When "I" is no longer pure individual and has the meaning of plurality at the same time，Elno's memory autobiography must have rich social characteristics。It tries to indicate，The most privacy is often the most social，Pure self is not exist，Personal independence is the content that should be possessed in social。As Mills stated in "The Imagination of Sociology": "People are fundamental to be actors in society and history，You must pass through him and society、The closeness between the historical structure、Introduction to him to understand him。”

In the presence of annoying the world around the world，Elno's novels especially pay attention to the depression of individual growth in social life。"I" in "Position" grew up in a separated social space，Among them, it includes the life of "our side": the milk flavor that is lingering on the father、Mother's bad temper，and the iron shovel carried by men in the collection、wooden boards and potato pockets; also include the "side" and educated bourgeois world: they live in spacious urban area、In the clean house，Being a bridge or listening to music，Life is always full of politeness and elegance。Burdiecie thinks，The habit comes from the common temperament of actors in a similar position in social space，It has continuously instilled to make the ruler's life interesting become legal、Universal social form，Therefore, the social pressure that is difficult to get rid of the ruler。

When the "I" in the class changes facing the various pressures brought by the class gap，Shame can breed Bet365 lotto review and follow the shadow，Even if the class segmentation is broken、After becoming a real Buljoa，"I" is still difficult to get rid of shame: "Everything in our lives is just a symbol of shame: the public urine pond in the yard，A bedroom in the same sleep in two generations -according to the habit of people of our class，At the same time, because we lack a room，We sleep with our parents -the slap and rough words of the mother，Drinking drunk drunk and poor families，My precise understanding of the degree of drunk，The deep understanding of the poor families at the end of the month，All prove that I belong to such a class。"" On the one side is the standard and standard French and elegant lyric，On the one side is an outdated and ugly dialect, soil language and noise，The various depression composed of class gap made the "I" constantly fall into the "inner exile" that is unruly，Can't get meaningful things in complicated trivial matters。Under the reflection of collective experience and external life，A difficult self -map scene that is difficult to determine。

　Self -writing of women's trauma memory

In addition to writing class separation to the unsolved shame brought by individual growth，Elno's memory autobiography also always adheres to feminist vision。Her novels not only present the patriarchal society's invasion and humiliation of women's spirit，It also reveals the mental situation of female dignity after being seized: how to be rooted in the heart of women，and continuously depressed and tampered with female memory。

"Shame" uses a quarrel from parents as the opening，My father wants to kill his mother under the anger，This incident has left deep anxiety and fear for "I"，But in the face of such an incident that makes "I" feel disaster，Men are not interested，Even resentment。Parental society does not care about women's psychological feelings，Just treat the female body as a goal of hunting，Their depression of women is both naked body violence，It is also a silent spirit plunder。"The Memory of a Girl" sorted out an adolescent story full of desire and shame: the temptation of the summer camp coach and "I" cannot refuse in the humble，In such bet365 Play online games a seductive，No one will pay attention to how a girl is insulted。Elno's trials to cross the obstacle of memory，Various sentiments and consequences of the emotional and mental of the body and mind of shame -women not only cannot control their bodies，and it is also reduced to a kind of alien existence。"A woman" recalls the story of the mother's life，Mother's rude confidence in the rude confidence in her teens is mixed with strong resistance to resistance，"Can dry like boys: saw wood、pick apples "，But the patriarchal society supervises the behavior of girls all the time，Mother wants to do a way to do a "serious female worker" in accordance with public opinion -do mass、Lord of the Holy Meal、Learn Embroidery，But because of "short hair and bold eyes of boys"，She is still regarded as a "non -decent girl"。Under the gaze of a patriarchal society，Mother gradually loses self，Once the self -confidence and self -improvement continued to lose，The mother after marriage no longer has a romantic atmosphere，I no longer do not repair the border as before，Start "Taste the joy of being a woman"，and pursue the so -called "beautiful fashion" in men's eyes。

Like class oppression，Parental society is also through continuous contempt and exclusion，The shame is rooted in the deep inside of the woman。Under the shame，Mother who lost her no longer has a sound spirit，I don’t know how to face others，I don’t know how to face my daughter。On the one hand，Mother constantly uses "you are worth" and "you are worthy" to inspire "I" to discover your true value; on the other hand,，The shame of the internalization of the heart makes the mother almost instinctively regard her uniqueness as a heterogeneous，Not only does she not see her true self，It is impossible to tolerate the female characteristics of "I"，Even the physical change that has nowhere to cover when "I" change clothes also causes her to be disgusted。Under the restraint of this contradictory mentality，The attachment between mother and daughter is eventually reduced to mutual resentment。Mother tries to limit and control "I"，But her vulgarity bet365 Play online games makes "I" feel shame，"I" just want to stay away from my mother。The relationship between mother and daughter is distorted，The key lies in shame usurping the real self -sensation of the mother，even all memories，Mother's Alzheimer's disease is actually a proof of self -loss。Elno's female writing shows a distinctive individual posture: The key to the reconstruction relationship between mothers and daughters is the recovery of female individual memory，It needs to destroy the grade control of patriarchal society，and through imagination to build a different connection，thus exploring more real self in the broad social history。Only this，The relationship between mother and daughter full of love and tolerance can be rebuilt。

　　Construction method of novel narrative

Elno's novel contains various elements of memories of autobiography，But it is not a complete trace of personal history，The key lies in its novel narrative to the protagonist of traditional autobiography、narrator、The author's dissolution of the same sex identity。In Elno's autobiography novel，Memories are no longer stable、Closed personal feelings and experiences，The first -person "I" often transformed into a third -person "her"，or send in the plural "us"，Therefore, the self -externalization of the internal province。During this externalization process，Photos in the novel、Images become key elements，They are not only trigger points for individuals and collective memories，It also becomes the fundamental construction method of novel narrative。

"Yo Yo Ye" describes the contemporary French life from 1941-2006，14 photos in the novel divide more than 60 years of life pictures into 15 parts。On the one hand，The author will anonymous "her" in the photo，Therefore, it can show and examine the personal past life of personal past，It is even unwilling to publicly say hidden things: from the daily life, wearing, living, traveling to love and lust，From the desire hidden in the heart to the personal preferences，A woman's growth process from small to 60 can be rendered。On the other hand，Novels interspersed with "us" and "You" and bet365 best casino games other multiple people calling narrative，To stimulate others' resonance，Make the hero's individual memory blend in collective memory，War、Presidential Election、International Fengyun、Various events in historical life such as economic life、Concepts and customs can be vividly present。Photos is the coordinates of indexes and memories of the times，They not only indicate specific shooting time，Various memories also skewed，Therefore, more than 60 years of historical scrolls with the pursuit of self -pursuit。

At the same time，Photos is also the instantaneous solidification of history。14 photos while triggering the overall narrative of the novel，also caused the spatialization of time，So as to stop the narrative flow of the novel，Disapt the linear narrative method of traditional memory autobiography。Traditional memories of autobiography firmly believe in the cause and effect of time development，presents the continuity and integrity of life，so as to find the meaning of life in an orderly manner。and "Yo Yo Ye" values ​​the width of time，It presents accidental and fragmented life，This reflects a new narrative value: the truth of life is not the length，and in the accidental association and transfer of various events。"Yo Yo Ye" is focusing on the rich details of life，It is some moment of drift with other times: a small dance with a bumper car、Carrefour's female wineman、Rotary Trojan in the park ... The stack of these fragmented life will inspire a submerged impression and instantaneous sensation，and present the true appearance of the years of passing years，As Erno said: "Continuously screening on the screen on the date category category of photos，In various scenes、Landscape、Beyond the character，Scattered the sunlight of the only era。”

The photo is the strange entanglement of time and space，They not only trigger the narrative sequence of the novel，It also potentially constitutes the narrative orientation of the novel。How to take the spiritual light in the light of the photo? Roland Bart thinks，The "interest" in the photo is related Bet365 lotto review to society、Politics、Culture，"Spreading Point" is an accidental factors and details that can impress the viewer，It is located outside the image that can be described as described by the image，The meaning of the meaning that can disrupt the image。The "thorn point" of the photos in "Yo Yo Ye" includes clothing color、Facial expression、Incidental details such as body posture，They are often free from the significance of the image，represents the small spark in the past life，It can arouse self -rich imagination and unconscious flow，Make the current self -collision with a certain time fragment。It is these subtle light scattered in the photo，Only to make the past and the present reflection，A real self that projected in society and history can be demonstrated。

(Author Unit: School of Arts of Northwest University)