New Chinese Literature is an important carrier of the New China spirit。As a emotional medium，The aesthetic potential of New Chinese Literature、Emotional intensity has fully affected and shaped the people's emotional structure and spiritual world。A relationship between the spirit of the New China spirit and the development of literature and the classics of literary classics，The reporter interviewed Jiang Shuzhuo, a professor at the School of Literature of Jinan University、young scholar Li Shi，Discussion on the interactive relationship between the spiritual and literary classics of the New China spirit and the classics of literary classics，Promoting Literature Development。

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"China Social Sciences":A literature of an era。Literature reflects the general rules of the times and reality。It should be said，The development of New Chinese Literature is closely related to the spirit of New China。

　　Jiang Shu Zhuo:Yes。National will often regulate the production of literature，Determine the language of literature、Imagination、Fiction and other methods，New Chinese Literature is the aesthetic expression of the spirit of New China。Development of New Chinese Literature，Not only affected by the national will during the process of socialist practice，At the same time，Its more powerful spiritual motivation is the complex interaction between literature and politics。

　　"China Social Sciences":In New Chinese Literature，What kind of form shows the spirit of the New China，What kind of law is present?

　　Jiang Shu Zhuo:We can summarize the new Chinese spiritual expression form in literature from four historical stages。One is 1949-1976，The spirit of the New China is mainly manifested as "patriotism spirit" and "independent、Self -reliance、The spirit of hard struggle "" The spirit of national unity "。The second is 1977-1991，Mainly manifested as "Reflection Spirit", "Reform and Opening Spirit", "Moving to the Times"。Three is 1992-2012，The main manifestation is the spirit of diversified common integration。Fourth is 2013，The main manifestation is the spirit of the people's creation and human destiny community。

These four historical stages，To a certain extent, it can explain a certain law that the spiritual direction of New China。First，The spirit of the New China in the four periods of literature cannot be completely separated。A spirit does not only belong to a specific era，For example, the "patriotism spirit" actually runs through all stages of New Chinese literature，Just in this period from 1949 to 1976，Literature's presentation of the historical memory of the Chinese revolution and the spirit of patriotism is even more prominent。Next，These four stages of the important historical stages of Chinese socialism are synchronized，This is because the evolution of the spirit of the New China is closely related to the development of society。again，More spiritual expression can be summarized in the early stage，The spiritual expression that can be summarized in the later period is small。Especially since 1992, Bet365 app download the development of Chinese society makes it difficult for us to describe and summarize with a certain spiritual form，Therefore, the "multi -integration spirit" may be a more appropriate expression。Of course，This may also involve the problem of historical accumulation。

　"China Social Sciences":After combing the expression of the New China spirit in literature,，How to define the spirit of the New China from logic or theoretical level?

　　Jiang Shu Zhuo:We made a preliminary explanation from three levels。From the historical level，The spirit of New China refers。From the current level，The new era of Chinese spirit with the core values ​​of socialism。As General Secretary Xi Jinping said，Chinese spirit is "National Spirit with patriotism as the core，The spirit of the times with reform and innovation as the core "，This can be seen in social practice since the founding of New China。From the perspective of the future，The spirit of the New China is in a "unfinished" state，This requires a series of social practice, especially literary practice to enrich the spirit of New China。

　　New China Spirit Leading Literary Classic Generation

"China Social Sciences":In the development of literature，Many literary classic works have been produced。What kind of literary creation can be called literary classics?

　Jiang Shu Zhuo:This is a question that is difficult to answer in general。The atmosphere of the social era is changing，Literature's aesthetic standards are also changing。General Secretary Xi Jinping once explained the classics of literature: "The reason why the classics can become a classic，Among them, it must contain the timeless beauty、Eternal Love、Hog Qi。Classic through the theme of the theme、Character shaping、Emotional Construction、Building mood、Language rhetoric, etc.，The deep -flowing spiritual world and the lively life of the true life are accommodated，contains history、Culture、Connotation of human nature，Thoughtful penetration、Aesthetic insight、Form creativity，Therefore, we can become a work that will not be outdated。"This can be regarded as a fairly macro and accurate summary of" What is a classic "and" what level of the work can become a classic "。

Briefly look at，First，Literary classics are historic products，It represents a model of aesthetics，A aesthetic level of the highest sequence。Next，Literary classics through specific cultural selection，Forms the spiritual memory of different ethnic culture and traditions in the long time and space circulation。For example, "Historical Records"、Tang Poetry Song Ci、"Dream of Red Mansions", etc.，To a certain extent, it represents the highest aesthetic level of Chinese culture。For example, 17 -year -old red classic literature，The revolutionary historical tradition it carries it、Historical memory and its aesthetic cohesion，Until now, it still constitutes important spiritual resources and motivation for the development of contemporary China。

　　"China Social Sciences":In your opinion, what are the elements that affect literary classics?

　Jiang Shu Zhuo:The proposition of "Literary Classic" itself has a certain post -modern perspective in the West，Avoid a static constant、The position of essentialism looks at literary classics，To fully realize the complex social and historical conditions generated by literary classics。Literary classics are not simply reflected as a market fun or personal aesthetic taste，Instead, it is subject to the traditional psychology of the nation、Real context、Social system、Constitution and influence of multiple factors such as cultural ecology。

　　"China Social Sciences":How can we define the laws of literary classics?

　　Li Shi:New Chinese literature classics generally need to be intertwined with the three links of "Literature System -Literature Creation -Literary Critics"、Dialectic development process of mutual restrictions。First，National will act on the literary system，to further regulate literary creation。Next，Literary creators need to internalize the national will into their own spirit and emotional structure，Create specific works，Using the emotional image of art to call for the people。Last，Literary works must cause general response and attention from the audience，and the continuous intervention and interpretation of theoretical critics。

　　"China Social Sciences":How can the spirit of the New China affect the generation of literary classics? How to dialectically treat the relationship between the two?

　Li Shi:Based on the practice of Chinese socialist practice to explore the relationship between the spirit of the New China and the classics of literature，It should avoid the extreme anti -essentialist tendency of postmodernism，Customize the active interactive relationship between literary classics and macro political and cultural ecosystems from a constructive perspective。

As one of the national will components，The spirit of the New China is largely influenced by a mainstream ideology and regulation of our choice of literary works and the generation of literary classics。If you say，The spirit of the New China is the Chinese socialist revolution in the 20th century、Construction、Reform and other development development provides important spiritual cohesion and driving force，So in this process，Literature as a perceptual aesthetic symbol，continuously strengthening and enriching the aesthetic appeal of the New China spirit。We summarize this process as "aesthetic conversion"。The generation of the New China Spirit to the generation of literary classics must have a summoning and leading，Therefore, the standards of classic screening of literature are always affected by the national will and influence，Literary production mechanism and even literary creators will adjust their own way of operation、Coping method，Generate new literary classics to enrich and expand the "New China Spirit"。This debate verification process also promotes literary and cultural traditions to achieve innovation and value conversion in the new context of the era。

　　Literature should actively respond to the spiritual appeal of the times

"China Social Sciences":In the literary production mechanism of more than 70 years of New China，New China Spirit、Does the relationship between the writer and the people's group have changed?

　　Jiang Shu Zhuo:In the literary production mechanism in the first 30 years of New China，The relationship between the three is very close。The spirit of the New China is in political position、Writing theme、expression content、The conceptual layer of art form guides and specifies literature。For more than 40 years，Although the New China spirit is still dominated by the writer's words，But the subjectivity of the writer has been greatly demonstrated，Even a "Literature Farm" with a high degree of autonomous operational ability。The artistic standards recognized by the internal body of the literary community，Academy of college evaluation of literary works，and contain dual alienation of politics and markets on the position。

The arrival of the Internet era，and the continuous marketization、Popularization trend，Makes the popular literary market that has been suppressed for a long time grows up suddenly。From this，The production of literature is gradually dominated by market consumer demand to a certain extent。Chinese contemporary cultural ecology has ushered in a period of diversified and common integration。This state is actually a must -have stage in the process of social value construction。In this process，Realism of realism is emphasized，The continuity of the past 40 years and the first 30 years has formed another continuous body。

In recent years，Organic connections between literature and socialism with Chinese characteristics are further strengthened。Re -understand literary creation and society、Politics、Economy、History、Reality and other factors，Adjust the organizational methods and operation methods of literature，The relationship between close literature and the times，Become an important realistic problem that needs to be solved in the new era to promote outstanding works and literary classics。

　　"China Social Sciences":Specifically, how should we strengthen the relationship between literature and the times?

Li Shi:Relationship between Literature and Times，Issues involved how to view the value of literature in the new era，The most important thing is to have a sober understanding of the current situation of the times。From a political level，To understand the role and potential of literature at the level of "great cause needs a great spirit"; from the perspective of ideological and cultural level，It should be based on the diverse cultural reality，Build a historical overall concept。

We have also seen that the country has re -activated the excellent traditional culture of China in recent years、Revolutionary culture and other efforts，This is actually seeking a solid spiritual value base for national modernization。Literary creators should not ignore such a trend of the times，Actively respond to the spiritual appeal of the times。Specific to the level of the literary system，The country has also put forward new requirements for the literary and art cause of the new era，Try to broaden the appeal and tolerance of socialist literature with Chinese characteristics，Seeking a new way of expressing the spiritual content of the expansion of the times，For example, the important role of literature and art on consolidating the most extensive patriotic united front，Emphasize different media communication forces、Innovative integration of different cultural traditions，Emphasizing the guidance of the New Literary and Art Organization and Groups of the Writer Association。

　　Creation does not live up to the literary classics of the times and the people

"China Social Sciences":The history of development of more than 70 years of New Chinese Literature，Provides enlightenment for the formation of a benign generation mechanism for the formation of literary classics。In today's society，People's needs、Media Ecology、Literary styles have changed a lot，Especially online literature is booming。Do you think，What changes have taken place in people's literary classic concepts?

　Jiang Shu Zhuo:The meaning of "classic" itself is indeed changing，This indicates that literary classics have liquidity features in eternal。Let's talk in the past，"Classic" in the strict sense，In fact, it is the four books and five classics。In the context of Western cultural context，"Classic" probably refers to the eternal value、First -led model。As the trend of secularization and popularization continues to deepen，The connotation of "classic" is actually generalization，Especially the new style、After the type comes out, it will also impact the original so -called "classic"，This is also the change of the times。

Since the 1990s，Fast development of popular literature，This is an important symbol with the classic interpretation of Jin Yong's novel works in the domestic academic community。and won the Mao Dun Literature Award of the highest literature award in China in 2008 Mai Family's "Calculation"，It can be seen that the important adjustment of the mainstream literary world in the selection standard，That is to incorporate type literature in it。Especially the development of the Internet has made the operation of online literature and its film and television become a remarkable cultural phenomenon。The change in it is，It was considered vulgar in the past、spokenly、Internet literature of Difficult to Asuka，Not only becoming a consumer product in the market popular，Even the domestic academic community and private enterprise institutions are booming the mainstream of online literature，and identified a group of "classic" works。The rise of online literature，To a certain extent, it also impacts traditional literature journals，The right to speak of traditional literary critics is challenged。Of course，I also need to see，Some online literature can be regarded as "classic"，Itself still explains，Although the threshold for online literature creation and acceptance is not high，It also looks good and bad in the process of mass production，But there are still some excellent works that can settle down，For example, "Qingyu Years", "Langya List", etc.。

　　"China Social Sciences": Do you think，How should we build a new classic evaluation standard for literature?

Jiang Shu Zhuo:This is a big topic。In short,，Literary classics in the contemporary circulation must be tested by modern readers' audience，Chosen by the popular mass aesthetic fun，But literary classics are not simply reflected as a popular side，It also has elegance、Exquisite side。In addition to market selection，It also needs to go through traditional、History、Society、Cultural and other complicated effects，Involved in the far -reaching space -time、Cultural selection in the region。And the literary critics play an important role in communicating the elegant aesthetic standards。

　　"China Social Sciences":How to create a benign generation mechanism for future literary classics?

　Li Shi:We can explore the benign generation mechanism of building future literary classics from four aspects。First, understand the value of literature based on the new era and real development，文 How literature digs and expresses Chinese experience。From the perspective of world dimensions，Literature in the new era can be presented through literature's experience in human destiny community。

Second, the understanding of the connotation of "people" based on the development of the times。That is，The mainstream values ​​should fully attach importance to the aesthetic taste of modern audiences，Considering the question of how to generate identity and resonance between "people's nature" and modern communication media audiences。

Third is the "autonomy" and "intermediary" of balanced literary criticism。Literary criticism can promote the formation of classics，You can also constantly deconstruct the classic and classic discourse mechanism。Literary criticism plays an important role in the generation of literary classics，The core of the question is how to better define the power boundary of literary criticism，Both literary criticisms become intermediaries to communicate with readers，It is not limited to the interpreter just rules; it is necessary to strengthen the leading role of literary criticism on literary creation，It can not allow the criticism of criticism to the explanation of literary works。

Fourth is to implement literary creation at the individual level。Individual literary creation，It is the most critical link between the "aesthetic conversion" between the spiritual and literary classics of the New China spirit and literature。In fact，The spirit and theoretical criticism of the times can put forward various plans and requirements for literary creation，But literary creation is actually difficult to be completely included in the prescribed、Unified development track，This will to some extent the development of literary creation。but，Literary creators cannot ignore their historical and cultural traditions and the requirements of the times，The spiritual content of the times for the times、Capture of mental image，I will always be unconsciously dominated by the cultural tradition that has been or even longer for a hundred years or even more long -distance。Literary and artistic innovation in the new era must resort to the creative instinct of the creator，Need them from history、The spirit of the era re -constructs a new sensual image，Show the spirit of people's creation and human destiny community，Expressing new Chinese experience with the appearance of "world literature" in globalization and global dimension，Wide and universal aesthetic effects at the space and time level，Create classic literary works that live up to suffering from the times and the people。

　"China Social Sciences":Yes，The generation of Chinese literature classics in the new era，In the end, it is necessary to resort to the literary creation that is based on both social reality and deep aesthetic appeal。So how do you produce this literary creation?

　Li Shi:Good literary creation needs to be cultivated，This is inseparable from what you said earlier to create a benign generation mechanism for literary classics。Specifically，First, we must respect the laws of literature，Literature must become its big，It must not stick to my own joy，Actively respond to the spiritual appeal of "People's Creation and Human Destiny Community" in the new era。Literature is human learning，This is a literary consensus since the 1980s，Literary performance of the spirit of creating and human destiny for the people，It should be centered on the people，rooted in social reality soil，The survival experience of people based on Chinese socialist practice。

Second, we must pay attention to cultural traditions。The generation of new literary classics is inseparable from the nourishment of the excellent traditional Chinese culture，Inherit with the inheritance of the classic works of the past，This involves the creative conversion of excellent Chinese traditional culture、Questions of innovative development。One of the performances of the creativity of contemporary literature，Perhaps it is possible to re -activate the aesthetic gene of traditional culture。

Third, pay attention to the market audience。Development at high speed on the Internet、"Culture+Technology" in the industrial fusion trend，The production of literature、Communication、Accept、Evaluation and other aspects of all aspects have undergone tremendous changes due to the new media ecology。Under this trend，The aesthetic appeal of literature is not only reflected in its creative content or aesthetic form，It is still whether it can adapt to the changing media ecology、Market demand、Aesthetic psychology, etc.。Of course，The above points are just trying to create a certain atmosphere and soil。We can call literary creation，But the emergence of literary masterpieces is accidental，Not completely controlled by humans。