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Leading style has an important impact on the work behavior of subordinate employees。but，The effects of different leadership styles on employee behavior are different，You need to study further。Most studies on employee behavior focus on the behavior of inspecting company rules and regulations，Few research on external behavior。Since the 21st century，Only the academic community has really begun to pay attention to the role of the leadership style of the employee's forward -looking behavior (Proactive Behavior).。Since then，A large number of research reports indicate，Usually，Leading style and employee forward -looking behavior seem to have a certain relationship，Most research proves when these relationships occur。But，How can different leadership styles affect forward -looking behaviors、Which intermediary variables are the most important in this relationship、Is there any questions such as making this relationship stronger and other issues.。

The current global economy is complex and changing、In the case of uncertainty，If you want to maintain competitiveness，Only employees comply with the company's rules and regulations、Mastering the necessary knowledge and skills is far from enough，Employees also need to be more active、Flexibility and spontaneous，To cope with complex work and challenges。Prospective behavior is such a behavior。Typical forward -looking behaviors include providing suggestions for the organization and changing their working methods to improve productivity。Digital of a lot of practical experience and empirical research，Prospective behavior has a positive impact on both organizations and employees，Can make employees benefit from it。For example，Study discovered，Stepical behavior、Forward Bet365 lotto review -looking behaviors such as innovative behaviors are considered positive related to the performance of the individual; there are some studies discovery，Prospective behavior can predict the subjective satisfaction of employees、Happiness and work investment。So，It is necessary to study forward -looking behaviors，Discussion of the previous cause of the change that affects its changes、action mechanism and boundary condition。

　　Different leadership styles affect employees' forward -looking behavior

The working resources of the employee are closely related to the fate in the enterprise.，Therefore, the occurrence and development of employees' forward -looking behaviors will be affected by leadership factors。Leaders' response to employees' forward -looking behaviors will affect the enthusiasm of employees' forward -looking behavior。If the leader believes that the forward -looking behavior of the employee is in line with his or her values，Employees will get positive performance evaluation，to enhance the enthusiasm of making forward -looking behaviors;，If the leader treats the forward -looking behavior of the employees as unreasonable，will weaken the enthusiasm of employees to make forward -looking behaviors。So，Need to further explore which leadership style has a positive effect on forward -looking behaviors。

Large study indicates，There is a positive correlation between changeable leaders and forward -looking behaviors。Reform leaders are good at using high -level ideals and values ​​to stimulate employees' high -level demand，enable subordinates to fully participate in work，and put the organization's interests above their own interests，To achieve the expected goal。It includes the virtue of virtue、Vision Incentive、Leading Charm and Personalized Care。Research indicates，Transforming leaders can encourage employees to jump out of their own thinking，to increase their willingness to make independent behaviors and forward -looking behaviors。Social exchange theory thinks，When others do some behavior，Acting，The other party in the interaction will also make a corresponding Bet365 lotto review reaction。This reaction will bring a direct reward or price to the individual。Transforming leaders can provide employees with resources to complete the goals，Human care of employees，Establish an atmosphere of confidence with employees，Make employees freely accept and feedback information，to motivate employees to be more willing to adopt active behavior; in return，Employees will also make more active contributions to the organization，A look forward -looking way to expect and solve the problem，Make forward -looking behavior and spontaneously。

Research indicates，Real leaders and forward -looking behaviors have a positive relationship。This relationship can be explained by many theories，Such as social exchange theory and self -determination theory, etc.。According to self -determination theory，Personal can evaluate autonomy based on the full understanding of personal needs and environmental information、Ability and relationship，Then what kind of behavior do you choose freely。and the real leader honestly、Positive，Care for subordinates、Help and motivation，and encourage employees to share information，Express their true thoughts and feelings。In this process，Employees feel highly autonomy，Trust the leader。At the same time，The support of the leader also gives it a higher sense of self -efficacy，This will help employees to explore behaviors outside the role -forward -looking behavior。

As one of the representatives of negative leadership style types，Abusive Supervision is significantly negatively related to employees。Leadership of abuse is referring to the leaders who repeatedly express hostile speech and non -verbal behavior during the interaction with their subordinates，Ru Mo Mocile、I don't care about the subordinates。Resource protection theory、Social exchange theory and social cognitive theory can be used to explain this relationship。According to social cognitive theory，The environment will have a great impact on individual behavior，Negative environment will cause individuals to adopt conservative behaviors。Disgrace leaders Bet365 lotto review will make their subordinates think，Even if they make positive behaviors that are conducive to the organization，Leaders will not be interested，Even the leader will have a negative evaluation of himself、recruiting more improper behaviors。Visible，Disgustible leaders have a large negative effect on the occurrence of employees' forward -looking behaviors。

As a localized leadership type，Parent -style leaders have always been the focus of attention of domestic scholars。This leadership style includes three aspects: authoritarian leaders、Benevolence and Moral Leaders。Eighty leaders means that leaders need absolute authority and control over their subordinates，The subordinates must fully obey，Including dictatorship、Declasses of subordinates、Image Decoration、Four aspects of Express Behavior。Leaders of benevolence will show their subordinates personalized、Comprehensive and long -term care，Help to deal with life and work difficulties。Moral leadership refers to those leaders who show the quality of personal morality。Research Discovery，Significant negative correlation between authoritative leaders and forward -looking behaviors，Receiver leaders and moral leadership and forward -looking behaviors are significantly positive。Specifically，The authority of authoritarian leadership will form a strong superior relationship between subordinates and leaders，Under this relationship，Employees will show a certain amount of internal performance，But it is difficult to stimulate employees to pay energy to perform external behavior; benevolent leaders pay attention to the well -being of the subordinates，Give them true care and care。These behaviors will promote the generation of employees' positive emotions，and make it feel responsible to show more additional role behaviors to support leadership work。and the moral leadership of the moral and selfless、Model Model，It will enable employees to agree with their moral standards and behaviors，Generate more organizational identity，Add pro -organization behavior，Forward Bet365 lotto review -looking bet365 best casino games behaviors such as behavior behavior。

　　Leading style predictive forward -looking border condition

The research on the style of different leadership styles and employees has aroused widespread attention from scholars。In these studies，Most research tends to use forward -looking behaviors as results variables。So，We also need to explore the intermediary variables of this relationship。Psychological authorization、Team promise、Leaders' exchange、Internal person identity cognition、Team promise、role width self -efficacy、Organization commitment、Self -efficacy、Work investment、Atmosphere of employment relationship、Popular motivation attribution、Organizational identity、Team Trust、Psychological Capital、Psychological ownership、Psychological Capital、Personal -team match、Strategic Orientation、Trust of leaders、A perception of the responsibility of the organization、Leading representative and other variables have been tested。

In these intermediary variables，Some of them have received attention and support，If psychologically authorized、Leaders' exchange and various forms of commitments，Some have not been repeatedly verified。In view of the procedures for psychological science research，In view of the procedures for psychological science research。The verified intermediary variables are explained based on social exchange theory。They can be generalized as，Organization and leaders give employees' interests or costs，Employees in their own roles、External behavior to return。Through these theoretical frameworks，Future research can explore multiple intermediary variables，But which intermediary variables need to be determined are the key to explanation。

other，It is also necessary to study the boundary condition of the leadership style forecasting the forward -looking behavior of employees。At present, there are relatively few research on this prediction condition (adjustment variable)。Prospective personality、Leaders' sense of responsibility for constructive changes、Bottom attribute gender、Work bet365 best casino games pressure、Work autonomy、Organizational structure、Self -efficacy、Core self -evaluation、Traditional、Power distance、Psychological rights、Leaders' exchange、Authoritarian orientation、Collectivism orientation、Foresight Behavior Meritability、Variable tolerance and other variables have been tested。Almost all of these factors are verified with intermediary variables。Although these studies tell us when different leadership styles and how to predict the forward -looking behavior of employees，But few people study the direct adjustment of this relationship，Which variables can directly adjust this relationship，The answer is not clear。It is worth mentioning is，These variables are almost not repeatedly verified，Studies in this area need to be strengthened in the future。Another，Some variables (such as self -efficacy) are studied as intermediary variables，It also tested its adjustment function，Therefore, future research also needs to point out the difference between adjustment and intermediary role。

The research and design of a large number of achievements published in this field is mainly based on the horizontal survey method of single source data。Single source data can easily cause a common method deviation，At the same time，The attitude and behavior of the leader are closely related to the attitude and behavior of the employee，This is likely to regulate the relationship between leadership and employee behavior。Another disadvantage of the horizontal design is that we cannot summarize the cause and effect on this basis。Assume that the leadership attitude will affect employees' forward -looking behaviors，But in fact, the forward -looking behavior of employees will also affect the leader。If the forward -looking behavior of employees improves organizational performance，Then it will also promote the recognition and support of leaders on the leadership.。So，We must recognize，Employee behavior can predict the rating of leadership methods。In order to clarify the direction of the leadership attitude and the role Bet365 app download of employee behavior，Inquiry process and time are essential，So，Methods of leaders and employees for future research，and adopt vertical design experiments。other，Localization exploration in this research field and cross -cultural differences that affect employees' behavior on the way of leadership，It will also be the focus of future research。

　　(This study was funded by Shandong Provincial Key R & D Plan Project (2015GSF120015) and Shengli Oilfield Authority Project (GKS1701)

　　(Author Unit: School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University、EAP Center of Shandong Normal University; Yantai Sanatorium of Shengli Petroleum Administration)