August 2019，The US think tank budget and policy priority center，Since the 1970s，The growth rate of income growth in low -income people in the United States decreased sharply，High -income persons continue to grow strongly。September，The American Census Agency announced the latest American community survey (American Community Survey) data。Data display，2018 US income inequality increases significantly compared with 2017。Although the median income of American residents reaches a new high，But the income gap has expanded to the highest level in the past 50 years -the genius coefficient rose from 0.397 in 1967 to 0.485。This indicates，In recent decades, the trend of income and wealth inequality in Americans has become more and more intense。Our reporter interviewed relevant scholars on this issue。

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Jan Schakowsky, a member of the Illinois Parliament in the United States.，The United States is one of the richest countries in the world，and is in the richest period in the history of the country，But the wealth in the United States is concentrated in the hands of very few people，They did not make enough contributions to the whole society。While wealthy people become unprecedentedly rich，The lives of the rest of the Americans are becoming increasingly difficult。Insufficient tax income leads to social security benefits (Social Security)、Federal Medical Insurance (Medicare)、Education、Housing、Infrastructure、Lack of Bet365 lotto review lack of public livelihood projects and public service funds such as slowing climate change plan。

The joint director of the World Inequality Lab, joint director of the Paris School of Economics, Lucas Chancel (Lucas Chancel) research shows，Since the 1970s，Rich countries, including the United States, become richer，But the governments of these countries have become more poorer。1970-2015，The total amount of wealth of wealth in the US public and private sector rises from 300%to 500%from the national income to 500%，But the net value of the wealth of the public sector decreased from more than 50%of national income to negative numbers，This limits the ability of government investment in public services。According to statistics from the Economic Analysis Administration of the US Department of Commerce，2018 U.S. Federal Government's investment accounts for about 1.4%of GDP (GDP)，reached the lowest level since 1947; the decline in investment in state and local governments is relatively small，But it also dropped from 3%of GDP at the end of the 1960s to less than 2%。Infrastructure and human resources investment is important for economic prosperity，Public investment lacks a big impact on low -income groups，It will lead to inequality and vicious circulation。

Professor Edward N. Wolff, a professor at the Department of Economics, New York University in New York University, 2017，The richest 1%of Americans have 40%of US wealth。This calculation result has been recognized by most economists，But there are also studies that are slightly lower than the ratio。Melissa S. Kearney, a professor at the Department of Economics, University of Maryland, believes，No matter what the exact number is，A large amount of evidence Bet365 app download has shown that the concentration of wealth in the United States is very high and continues to rise。This reflects the high education level of the US economic system.、Labor with high skill level，and give a reward of winner-time-all at the top of the ladder，But the backward group includes too little help from those who face long -term economic dilemma or people who live in despair。

　　Eliminate inequality difficulties

Xia Coski said，Unemployment not only distorted the US economy，It also weakened the political power of non -rich people。During the 2012 general election，The richest 1%of Americans contributed 42%of the total donation; during the mid -2014 election period，Only 32,000 wealthy donors provide nearly one -third of donations。2018，American businessman Sheldon Adelson and his wife donated $ 123 million for the Republican Party，This amount can obviously be able to get the attention of politicians，Ordinary voters "cannot afford" the attention of the candidate。

Associate Professor Nathan J. Kelly, an associate professor at the Department of Political Science at the University of Tennessee, believes，Fortune concentratedly created a self -continuous golden power politics (Plutocracy) or "inequality trap"。A small number of people while controlling most economic resources，Also master the political force beyond the proportion of the proportion。They sponsor a series of designed to make voters believe that it is wise to reduce inequality、Political activities that do not meet the interests of ordinary Americans，Spending heavy funds hire lobbying groups to influence Congress、President and state government to slow or stop reform。There are four main self -enhancement methods in the political Bet365 app download system: first, the policy that exacerbates inequality is more likely to be introduced; It is even harder to win the election that improves the re -assigning party (in the United States); the fourth is to form a more conservative policy preference for specific voters。

Kelly discovered，When the United States is less unequal to the United States，Democratic Party performed poorly in elections，Republican performance is better，2016 presidential election is in line with this mode。2016 election，The wealth gap in the United States has reached the highest level of history。She also said，When the degree of inequality is low，Policy inaction has a weak influence on inequality; when the degree of inequality is high，policy inaction will exacerbate inequality。But，With multiple veto points (such as the Senate、House of Representatives、The president has the veto right of actions to change the status quo)、Under the US political system that is tended to maintain the original state and seeks consensus，New policy has always been difficult。And，The current US policy discussion is often chaotic，Those who oppose the re -assignment have sufficient time to cover up the negative impact of their claims in the discussion。

　　Unemployment to exacerbate political risks

According to Shang Zelie, Introduction，Although there have been inequality and deepening phenomena in developed countries in the past three or forty years，But the situation in the United States is more serious than Europe。Economists often exacerbate inequality attributed to technological progress and international trade growth，But in the past half a century，The United States and Europe have experienced new technological revolution，All facing Bet365 app download more intense competition from developing countries，Therefore。

The main ways to reduce income inequality include pre -distribution and re -assignment.。Pre -sharing through investment in medical and education、Develop strict antitrust law and regulatory regulations for labor market、Enhance the power of the union，Make the future income distribution more equal; re -assignment through progressive tax (higher tax rate to the rich)、Government payment transfer and other methods，to reduce current income inequality。Since 1980，Tax policies in the United States and Europe are tilting in the direction that is more favorable to the rich，The difference is that European pre -distribution policies (such as minimum wages、Labor protection、Medical and Public Education Services) More effective。

According to the Professor of the School of Economics of Paris, Thomas Piketty、Professor Emmanuel Saez, a professor at the Department of Economics at the University of California Berkeley, hosted the "World Inequality Report 2018" display，1980-2016，U.S. adult income with the top 10%of the income accounted for more than 11%of national income to more than 20%，The income of adults in Western European countries with the first 10%income accounts for the proportion of national income from 10%to 12%; the same period，50%of the US adult income after income accounts for more than 20%of national income to 13%，After the income of 50%of Western European adult income, the proportion of income in national income is reduced from less than 24%to below 22%。Report Author thinks，The income gap in the United States is mainly due to significant educational inequality and the great decrease in progressive income tax，Capital income bet365 best casino games since 2000 has increased significantly in high -income Americans' income; the progressive decline in income tax in European countries is compared to the American primary school，Education and wage policy is more favorable for low -income groups。

Summer Koski emphasized，The United States is at a historic turning point。Unlimited expansion in an out of control，ordinary workers' families are bear the price。but，The attitude of the public is changing。Until soon, "taxing the rich" was still regarded as a radical left -wing view，Now more and more Americans dare to ask for taxes on the rich，The political consciousness of the public about the problem of inequality and the radicalness of seeking to change the action have reached the highest peak。

Eric Zwick, an associate professor at the University of Chicago Business School of Chicago, told this reporter，Policy makers must respond to the severe unequal status quo of the United States。Even if the opinions between them are different，It should also be given a reason。The risk of inaction is，A group of politicians holding unfair ideas may speak up，and get support that should not be obtained。As for which policies will produce the expected effect，Depending on whether the "diagnosis" of inequality and the consequences of inequality。Therefore，Policy makers can build a special committee、Hold a public hearing and other methods for "facts search"，The reasons for increasing people's increasing income and wealth are integrated、The role of the tax and social security system、Unexpected impact on the impact of future generations of economic opportunities understands a series of issues。Policy makers must choose the most suitable Bet365 lotto review solution，Avoid making extremes in uncertain environments、Policy response that may cause accidents。