After the implementation of the “double reduction” policy，The bet365 bonus code indiana and training industry is undergoing transformation，This is a major strategic layout for the reform and development of basic bet365 bonus code indiana in the new era，This reform is promoting overall changes in the pattern of basic bet365 bonus code indiana in our country。Reducing students’ academic pressure，Promote student ethics、Intelligence、Psychology、Comprehensive physical development，Let bet365 bonus code indiana return to its original meaning，It is the common voice of educators and parents。What kind of bet365 bonus code indiana is good？In recent years，In China’s bet365 bonus code indiana market，Especially in early childhood bet365 bonus code indiana，Montessori、Waldorf、Reggio and other curriculum systems are developing rapidly，Wide influence，Behind it is the concept of holistic bet365 bonus code indiana。What is holistic bet365 bonus code indiana？What are some good educational ideas that we can learn from？For this，Our reporter interviewed the founder of holistic bet365 bonus code indiana research、Professor John P, Ontario Institute of bet365 bonus code indiana, University of Toronto. Miller (John P. Miller）。

　　Holistic bet365 bonus code indiana is the bet365 bonus code indiana of the whole person

"Chinese Social Sciences Journal": Your book "Whole Person Curriculum" published in 1988，Together with the founding of the magazine "Holistic bet365 bonus code indiana Review", it is regarded as the beginning of the field of holistic bet365 bonus code indiana research。Based on this，What is the connotation of holistic bet365 bonus code indiana？

Miller:Holistic bet365 bonus code indiana is to make bet365 bonus code indiana consistent with the basic reality of nature。The nature of nature is interconnected and dynamic，We can do it in atoms、Organic system、See this connection in the biosphere and the universe itself。Unfortunately，Since the Industrial Revolution，The human world has always emphasized division and standardization，The result is fragmentation。This fragmentation is reflected in human damage to the ecological environment、Social division、Self-splitting，And the lack of a shared sense of meaning。In the bet365 bonus code indiana system，There is also the phenomenon of fragmentation，If we divide knowledge into subjects、Units and Courses，Students often do not see the relationship between these subjects、Relationships between facts within a discipline、The correlation between disciplines and life。Nature is dynamic、Interconnected，And our bet365 bonus code indiana system is static、Fragmented。

Therefore，I define holistic bet365 bonus code indiana as the overall bet365 bonus code indiana of people，Including body、Mind and Spirit。The goal of holistic bet365 bonus code indiana is to help students see the inherent connections between things，This is how people develop wisdom and empathy while living in the world。Our bet365 bonus code indiana needs to allow students to see themselves as part of a larger whole，Focus on the interconnectedness of all things in the universe，Ask how the deepest human soul and self are connected with the unfolding of the universe。Holistic bet365 bonus code indiana is an educational paradigm，Not just an educational method，It includes a variety of teaching methods: conductive learning、Exchange learning and transformational learning。

Conductive learning involves a one-way flow of information from teacher to student，The focus is on accumulating factual information and basic skills。The characteristic of exchange learning is to allow students and teachers to have more interactions，Emphasis on problem solving and developing cognitive skills，Conducive to students studying a wide range of issues。Transformative learning is designed to make important connections between students and the subject matter they are learning，And cultivate students’ inner life through storytelling and other art forms。I hope educators will consider these three teaching orientations as components of holistic learning，Instead of classifying various types of learning and courses。

　　The historical evolution of holistic bet365 bonus code indiana

"Chinese Social Sciences Journal": Please introduce the historical background of the emergence of holistic bet365 bonus code indiana and its current practical application。

Miller:Holistic bet365 bonus code indiana is not a new thing，In different historical periods，People use different words to describe holistic bet365 bonus code indiana。In teaching and learning practices，Native Americans have long seen how everything in the world is interconnected。Chinese Taoist theory believes that，Tao is a description of how individuals and all things are related to each other。Tao can help people use nature to guide their lives，Encourage children to observe nature、Respect nature。Holistic bet365 bonus code indiana incorporates these ideas，Oppose mechanized ways of living or educating，Instead, focus on cultivating calmness、Sincerity、Values ​​of simple life，And consider meditation as an important aspect of self-development。

Overall，Whole-person bet365 bonus code indiana integrates humanistic ideas and principles，Includes thinkers such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi，And some views of American transcendentalists in the 19th century。The original vision of Waldorf bet365 bonus code indiana and Montessori bet365 bonus code indiana that emerged in the 20th century，It is also a practice of the concept of holistic bet365 bonus code indiana。Its founders Rudolf Steiner and Maria Montessori focused on the holistic development of the child，Including the spiritual level。I really appreciate the explanation of the universe in Montessori school，It helps students see themselves as part of the universe。

Holistic bet365 bonus code indiana is a fairly new concept，Beginning to form a recognized field of research and practice in North America in the mid-1980s。It emerged as a fragmentation of the prevailing educational worldview at the time (often referred to as the "mechanistic" or "Cartesian-Newtonian" worldview and "bet365 bonus code indiana、simplification") a challenge。Today，Holistic bet365 bonus code indiana continues to be known by people，We see the business community、Medical sector、Government、Fields such as bet365 bonus code indiana are increasingly adopting a holistic perspective。

　　Holistic bet365 bonus code indiana values ​​spirituality

"China Social Sciences Journal": What do you think of holistic bet365 bonus code indiana and progressive bet365 bonus code indiana、The relationship between humanistic bet365 bonus code indiana and other educational concepts？

Miller:Before holistic bet365 bonus code indiana，Humanistic bet365 bonus code indiana、Integrated bet365 bonus code indiana and emotional bet365 bonus code indiana。I am very interested in these。My first book was "The Humanized Classroom: A Teaching Model for Emotional bet365 bonus code indiana" published in 1976。This book is about emotional bet365 bonus code indiana。Inclusive bet365 bonus code indiana focuses on the connection between cognition and emotion。Emotional bet365 bonus code indiana mainly refers to promoting the development of emotions through bet365 bonus code indiana。The humanistic psychologists Carl Rogers and Abe Maslow have greatly influenced me，Because their research is different from behaviorism and Freudian psychology。They focus on the goodness and potential of people，This is also the psychological basis for my research on holistic bet365 bonus code indiana。

I think，Whole-person bet365 bonus code indiana originates from humanistic bet365 bonus code indiana and is part of progressive bet365 bonus code indiana。Holistic bet365 bonus code indiana is a kind of bet365 bonus code indiana that connects children (child-connecting)，Instead of the child-centered bet365 bonus code indiana advocated by progressive bet365 bonus code indiana，Therefore，It is more relevant to humanities bet365 bonus code indiana。The biggest difference between holistic bet365 bonus code indiana and other bet365 bonus code indiana paradigms is its emphasis on spirituality。

　　"China Social Sciences Journal": How to embody the spirituality of holistic bet365 bonus code indiana in practice？

Miller:The spirituality mentioned here is broad、Inclusive，Not associated with any particular faith or creed。Spirituality emphasizes that we are all interconnected、Interdependence。The focus of spirituality is relationships。These relationships include those between linear thinking and intuition、The relationship between mind and body、The relationship between various knowledge areas、The relationship between individuals and communities、The relationship between man and the earth, etc.。In overall course，Students recognize these relationships，And learn how to use the necessary skills to transform relationships in appropriate scenarios。

In the teaching scene，Spirituality is conveyed through the teacher’s care，Including artistic creation、Mindfulness practice、Specific implementation methods such as writing a diary。I call some courses related to cultivating spiritual power "inner life courses"。

　Three principles of holistic bet365 bonus code indiana

"China Social Sciences Journal": You proposed three principles of holistic bet365 bonus code indiana，includes connectivity、Inclusiveness and balance。Please explain in detail。

Miller:The core of holistic bet365 bonus code indiana is the pursuit of continuous growth of individuals and society。In summary，It involves connectivity、Three principles of inclusiveness and balance。Specifically，Connectivity refers to the connection between disciplines、Contacts between school members、The connection between others and self。For example，When learning, you can integrate it around the theme。Take the subject of personal identity，Students can learn from literature、History、Art、Explore music and even science，Breaking discipline barriers，Unify knowledge。

About Inclusivity，Poet Carl Sandburg once said，The worst word in the English language is “exclude”。In the concept of holistic bet365 bonus code indiana，We want schools and classrooms to embrace students of all races and abilities。Therefore，We need a broad range of teaching and learning strategies，The three learning methods I mentioned above。From the perspective of holistic bet365 bonus code indiana，Educators should balance these three approaches。Zairu，In the debate between traditionalists and progressives，Or among advocates of holistic language learning and phonics，Holistic educators do not take sides。Opposite，They seek an inclusive framework，Recommend teachers to use multiple methods。If a teacher only focuses on one learning style，Then the child’s development will be hindered。If the teacher uses three methods，Students can develop a rhythm in these learning formats，Make the classroom lively and interesting。

Also，Our classes must find a balance between various learning priorities，such as individual learning and group learning、Analytical thinking and intuitive thinking、Content and Process、Learning and Assessment。Influenced by developmental psychologists such as Jean Piaget，Educators in the 1960s and early 1970s emphasized how students learn，There are things like open bet365 bonus code indiana、Hands-on activities such as active learning and classroom learning centers。But the school at that time did not emphasize the evaluation of students，Therefore some educators see the need to improve academic standards in the classroom。Today，The balance tilts to the other side again。We seem to be more concerned with testing what children have learned through examinations，Instead of focusing on the learning process itself。From the perspective of holistic bet365 bonus code indiana，We need to balance learning and assessment，Rather than favoring one over the other。

　　Whole-person bet365 bonus code indiana should become the focus of bet365 bonus code indiana reform

《China Social Sciences News》: What are your views on the global bet365 bonus code indiana reform trend？What role does holistic bet365 bonus code indiana play in this？

Miller:I have been working in the bet365 bonus code indiana industry for more than 50 years，I see a growing interest in holistic bet365 bonus code indiana。In many countries，People are increasingly paying attention to the well-being of children and their mental health，This also increases people’s interest in holistic bet365 bonus code indiana。The goal of holistic bet365 bonus code indiana includes happiness、Wisdom、Empathy、Developing a sense of mission and other basic skills。Successful bet365 bonus code indiana creates an environment where children can thrive，Make it a full human being who contributes to the health of society and the planet。

In recent years，Finnish bet365 bonus code indiana attracts much attention，Its system includes the concepts of progressive bet365 bonus code indiana and holistic bet365 bonus code indiana，It can be said to be the closest to the ideal of holistic bet365 bonus code indiana。However，Even with so much publicity，Few countries have truly followed the Finnish model，There is a long way to go to change the bet365 bonus code indiana system。

At present，Very few countries regard holistic bet365 bonus code indiana as the focus of bet365 bonus code indiana reform，But I think，It is important to conscientiously carry out the reform of whole-person bet365 bonus code indiana。We need more loving people、Teachers with empathy and passion for bet365 bonus code indiana join Holistic bet365 bonus code indiana。It’s not difficult to do this，I believe love and empathy are human nature，As long as there are suitable conditions，They will occur naturally。