People have an intuition,I believe that I will not use it after learning a language,I will forget it a few years later。Recent,The Linguistics Research Team of the University of York University conducted a survey on foreign language knowledge and memory,Results show,The foreign language knowledge of the learner has maintained amazing stability for a long time。This latest research has formed a cross certificate with some previous studies,It confirms that foreign language knowledge has strong elasticity。The unique mechanism of language learning language and the benefits of language learning,Our reporter interviewed relevant foreign scholars。
Bet365 app download
The person in charge of the research team、Monika Schmid, director of the Department of Language and Language Science, the University of York University, introduced in an interview with this reporter,491 participants in this study have studied French in junior high school or high school.。The research team conducted a detailed investigation of the situation of the participants from the end to the present.,At the same time, other factors were inspected,For example, do participants like to learn French,and the proficiency of their French。After excluding those who continue to learn this language later,The research team was surprised to discover,The participants have no loss in grammar and vocabulary。In other words,Those who took the test decades ago、No longer uses French participants,Compared with those who only take the exam a few months ago and the people bet365 Play online games who occasionally use French,The performance is the same。
Actually as early as 40 years ago,Harry P. Bahrick, a psychologist, conducted a survey on 600 Americans,These people have studied Spanish in high school or university,Some have not been used in Spanish for 50 years。Barryk discovery,3-6 years after stopping study,A small amount of losses have experienced knowledge,But in the following decades,Knowledge seems to be stable。Of course,The degree of proficiency of the language has a great impact on language loss,Participants who have a longer language time or have a higher language level retain more knowledge。From the absolute number,,All learners seem to lose the same knowledge,But for more advanced learners,Loss knowledge accounts for a small proportion of total knowledge,Learners with a higher degree of proficiency retain 62%-80%knowledge。Comparison of comparison,A similar study on high school mathematical knowledge and memory shows,Unless the participants continue to learn mathematics at university,Otherwise, they will learn algebra and geometric knowledge for high school learning,Almost all forgot。
In the Study team's research,Many interviewees originally thought that they had completely forgotten French,But in the actual language test,They are as good as the state of those who just learn French。But the more certain is,If a person has a low degree of proficiency in a language,So the possibility they completely forget to be greater。Another,The age of learning to learn a language is not particularly important,But the age of stop learning has a certain relationship with the final language loss。If a person abandons a language about 12 years old,Then he has a probability that he will completely forget this language in his lifetime。
bet365 best casino games Some parts of the language (mainly vocabulary) memory methods and facts、Algebra rules、Date、Name, etc. is the same。This memory system is really easy to erode。But,For other parts such as grammar,The way of learning is more similar to learning cycling。People are good at learning grammar through the parts of frequent repeated memory rules and order,So grammar is more similar to a reflection,This kind of knowledge is not easy to be forgotten。More importantly,The independent part of the person's brain is not marked as a specific language。On the contrary,Smith said,We can imagine language as a very complicated、The network that responds quickly,Whenever the speaker uses a word,It will trigger this network。Whenever the speaker touches a point in the network,The network related to it will be active,And this energy will spread to all areas connected to the words used in the network,Including similar pronunciation words、Similar words,or words often appear with the words used。
When people learn a foreign language,A similar network was established,The mother tongue part of the speakers overlap the mother tongue。For example,When the speaker knows that "Apple" is expressing "Pomme",So every time it uses the English version,This French word will also be stimulated by a small amount; if these two words happen to be pronounced similar,For example, "Banana" in English and "Banane" in French,So this word will be more stimulated。This stimulus will produce a good effect,It can prevent the language from being completely forgotten。
Smith said,This does not mean that a person can use the second foreign language to chat perfectly after decades after finishing the normal secondary education certificate。Its real meaning is,If a person decides bet365 Play online games to re -learn the grammar,You don’t have to worry about re -learning the grammar you have learned before,Because it is likely to be stored in his brain,As long as it is slightly stimulated, it can emerge。Introduction to Stush,Many people think that their language skills can always recover quickly when they encounter some emergency situations,For example, when the luggage is lost or the car broke out。This also indicates,The brain remembers the language that people have learned,Just need a little opportunity to find them from the forgotten corner。
The level of language ability improvement
Research Discovery,Children who learned the second language in the early days have better memory and attention than monosial learners。Another,Many studies have also confirmed the connection between bilingual ability and creativity,Patients with bilinguals are stronger,And the experience of multiculturalism helps to improve their creativity。
Antonella Sorace professor of the University of Edinburgh Development Linguistics, said in an interview,Learn a language,Not only studying another set of grammar rules and vocabulary,I am also learning a new way of thinking。Bilinguals can often understand different perspectives that others may hold earlier。This feature is very intuitive that the same object can be represented in two words,This has fundamentally opened a person's thinking。In the dialogue,The speaker must choose the correct language according to the object of the conversation,This experience also makes people more tolerant from thinking and culture。Learning and using two languages is also good for the brain itself,Because it makes the brain active longer。Studies indicate,Bilingual people suffer from dementia and Alzheimer'bet365 Play online games s disease at most 5 years。
At the same time,Sorras emphasized,You can learn language for any age,Adults can also learn another language。Research indicates,Adults can reach a very high degree of proficiency in the second or third languages,Even in many aspects of ability to be similar to the mother tongue。Among adult second language learners,The individual difference is very large。and many adults cannot reach the high level of proficiency,Because they don’t need to do this,or because they have no listening and practicing language environment。In fact,In terms of language learning,The biggest "disadvantage" of adults and children may be the availability of time。But what you need to pay attention to is,Children are very sensitive to people's attitude towards specific languages,They are more willing to learn those second languages that are regarded as active assets in society。Therefore,Popularized to provide children with a positive language learning environment extremely important。
The enthusiasm of learning foreign languages in various cultural circles is not the same
Although there are many benefits to language learning,But in recent years, the enthusiasm for studying foreign languages in British students in recent years has continued to decrease。According to statistics,in 2022,About 25,000 British high school students and 315,000 junior high school students learned the second foreign language。In the past 20 years,The number of junior high school students studying the second foreign language has dropped by more than 40%,High school students fell by about 25%。Only 2014-2019,The number of junior high school students studying the second foreign language dropped by 19%。
For this,Sorras said,Brexit and new crown pneumonia bet365 Play online games epidemic brings great challenges to language learning。Many people think,Compared with "more important disciplines",Language is not a priority subject for school。other,Britain is still facing increasingly serious isolationism and emotional emotions,This makes people have a negative attitude towards other languages and their users。For this,Sorais thinks,Now you need to take action than ever before,Study language and language at the core of education,See other languages as a new global literacy,and create more opportunities for young people,Let them immerse them in other languages and culture。
From a global perspective,The enthusiasm of foreign language learning in various cultural circles is not the same。Sorras said,First,It must be distinguished by the UK、The United States and the so -called "Anglo circle" and the different attitudes of other countries in the world in learning foreign languages。In "Anglo Circle",Because English is widely used、Economically enjoying the advantage language,The motivation of other languages with English as a mother tongue is weaker。But in other countries,English because of recognized practicality,So it is a must -learn language for many people; and other languages,Especially the language of the ethnic minority areas or the language of immigration,No one wants to learn。But the relevant research of scholars,Bilingual/multi -language in any language is useful,The language can be in culture、Social and Cognitive and other aspects "Open Thinking"。There are sufficient reasons for immigrant families to retain mother tongue communication,Government and the whole society should also pay attention to the language of ethnic minorities,See it as a Bet365 lotto review resource,Education system should also use language as the core of the course。
Smid thinks,Learning a language itself is valuable。But,All kinds of "language ignorance" brings great losses to the society,It will destroy social cohesion and economic growth。Therefore,In terms of promoting foreign language learning,More parties should do more、More detailed work,Encourage people to actively learn foreign languages。
Friendship link:
Website filing number: Jinggong.com Anxie 11010502030146 Ministry of Industry and Information Technology:
All rights reserved by China Social Sciences Magazine shall not be reprinted and used without permission
General Editor Email: zzszbj@126.com This website contact information: 010-85886809 Address: 11-12, Building 1, Building 1, No. 15, Guanghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing: 100026
>