In the wave of social and intellectual media，Discipline of News and Communication is facing the introduction of the audit method system and localization、Opportunities for this subject。The technical operation of intelligence and algorithms is really opaque、Is it unknown，Still just a reporter、Researchers to avoid difficulty solving problems，Or becoming an inaction from policy makers? Auditing Research in classic social science research has the potential to become a starting point for solving this problem。This article is trying to introduce the diameter of audit research，Analyze how it finds positioning in the Discipline of News and Communication。

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Audit research refers to identifying the systemic bias of the society through the method of accurate experiments。bias is a neutral word，Including prejudice and discrimination，The prejudice is the emotional bias at the attitude level，Discrimination is a bias bias based on prejudice。

Audit began in the middle of the 20th century in the UK and the United States，There are more than 60 years of history in social science research，Early audit focuses on the systemic bias of housing and employment。In the UK，Housing audit research hosted by the Federal Federal Immigration National Committee opened the earliest attempt。1968，Social influence of the Evaluation of the Race Relationship Law，Audit of multiple government departments，Explore White English Mother Tumping Those、White immigrants、Black job seekers, these three types of people are in housing、Employment、Discrimination in the service field。"Audit" was described as "Situation bet365 best casino games Test" at this time，A survey that is more mature at that time at that time、Laboratory experiments and other methods。In the United States，Audit research is emerging during the civil rights movement。1977，The Ministry of Housing and Urban Development of the United States carried out the first large -scale housing audit。The department cooperate with the public welfare organization that promotes the fairness of housing，3264 audit research on housing in 20 cities。These research results reveal the discrimination against blacks in the housing sales and rental market，It is manifested as the existence of differentiality treating the sales and lease terms of black people、higher transaction agencies and other phenomena。

Early audit research is performed face -to -face，But as the Internet is in housing、Popularity in employment，Audit research began to be carried out through emails，Communication audit gradually formed。Researchers also break through the simple description of bias，The mechanism to explore the prejudice in deeper exploration、Intent and conditions。The first communication audit in the world appeared in the UK in 1969。Researchers put the resume of 256 applicants into 128 recruitment positions，It is found that compared with other four types of immigrant groups，White people born in the UK are given preferentially in real recruitment and employment，revealed the systemic racial discrimination in the country's employment。Traditional Audit Research Follow Race、Discrimination and other issues。Since the 21st century，The object of audit research is further expanded to medical and health、Bias problems in the fields of market trade。

Traditional audit research contains fairness to society、Care for public interests，Conquest with the long -term value specifications and legitimacy of the journalism industry，The results of the audit have Bet365 lotto review also become an important topic for news reports。In recent years，Platform and algorithm becomes a new audit object，also accelerated audit research in social science、Cross -disciplinary integration in news communication research。Reporters and scholars who use audit ideas or methods consciously or unconsciously，Try to identify algorithm prejudice，Discover the position of decision makers、Engineer logic、User used、How to embed the new "Technical -Society" chain。

　　Audit algorithm bias

Algorithm bias is the focus of the current audit research。A algorithm refers to a set of a set of、Instructions and steps used to solve a specific problem or achieve a clear goal。Use the results of the audit method system review algorithm bias，Also known as algorithm audit，The class that is often used in the detection algorithm、race、Gender prejudice，Analysis of the relationship between algorithm and society。

The object of the algorithm audit is the interaction between different types of algorithms and social practice。my country's "Recommended Management Regulations on Internet Information Service Algorithms" divides algorithm technology into personalized push categories、Sorting Selection Category、Search filter、Schedule decision -making category、Five categories of synthetic categories。The first four types of algorithms are mainly concerned about digging from existing data and resources、Filter、Optimize and dispatch information; generate synthetic class algorithms for generating new texts、Image，For example, ChatGPT, which caused heated discussion in early 2023。In the field of news communication，Already reporters、Comprehensive use of audit methods for scholars，Examination of the bias contained in various algorithms and their social consequences，Data bias、Information Honggou and other issues are included in the audit category。

bet365 best casino games Auditing research on retrieval filter algorithms is the most common。Marina Villansu and others from New York University in New York University use the method of combining reptile audits and non -invasive user audits，Audit on the image search algorithm of 153 countries，Verify gender prejudice in the search algorithm。This article published in the "Published by the National Academy of Sciences" (PNAS)，revealing the prejudice in society、Circulation diffusion in multi -dimensional interaction of artificial intelligence technology and digital listening people。Another example，Chinese scholar Chen Changfeng and Shiwen have audited the domestic mainstream search engine retrieval，It is found that the interest relationship between search engines and commercial websites will lead to bias，Challenge the publicity of the digital ecology。

The adoption and operation of the scheduling decision algorithm in society is more hidden，Need a professional reporter for a long time、Audit research of the system。A series of survey reports entitled "Machine Hybrid" published by the non -profit media propublica，Famous Reporting Award in Pulitzer in 2016。This report audit through the system that is widely used in the US judicial system for re -probability of the defendant.，It is found that the black defendant is more likely to be misjudged during the prediction process，while the white defendant is more likely to be missed，Reveal the systemic errors that exist when the judicial system uses algorithm auxiliary judgments。

The method of algorithm audit can be summarized as five categories。One is code audit，Analyze the source code of the platform to discover possible program errors and security loopholes; the second is reptile audit，Repeated query requests from the platform to the platform to observe the results of the data; the third is non -invasive user bet365 best casino games audit，Invite real users to report the results of interaction with the system，Another system analysis; Fourth, Agent Audit，Use a computer program to simulate users to observe the output results of the algorithm，It can be briefly understood as a researcher using a robot to experiment with the algorithm system; the fifth is crowdsourcing audit，Based on user wishes，Directly involved in the user account，​​Collection data for audit。but but，The above audit method is facing privacy violations、Reconstruction of false information and other unreasonable ethical problems，worthy of vigilance。

　　Positioning audit research

How should audit research be included in existing news and communication disciplines? From practice、Analysis of theory and methods。

Practice，Algorithm audit has the potential to become an independent news report line，Reporting space to expand public issues。For example，Sun Ping and other researchers found that the algorithm platform is on the rider、Driver and other groups of digital labor and emotional labor rules for groups。A number of news media systems including "Character" magazine follow -up，Introducing the topic to the issue of the issue into media reports and the public vision，Make digital workers issues widespread attention。From 2020，"Basketball Plan" public account continues to pay attention to the disadvantaged group in the algorithm system，Talk about data label、Programmer and other occupations stories of different occupations。Another example，Data newspaper The media The Markup obtains the basic data set through code，Examine the social impact of platform technology companies。

Theoretical aspect，Audit research to build digital news theory expansion ideas，Special preparation for providing theory and methods for the concept of "transparency" for demonstration。In the news theory of the Popular bet365 live casino games Media era，The "objectiveness" principle of distinguishing between facts and views of news reports has always been regarded as Guizhu，But always facing questions that cannot be achieved、Criticism of power attached。In professional content (PGC)、User content (UGC) and algorithm content (AGC) Highly mixed truth in the truth，The principle of "objectivity" is unprecedented challenge。Some scholars propose to replace objectivity with transparency。For example，Bill Kovac and others believe，"Use verification to restrict，Especially transparent concepts，is one of the most effective ways to solve the problem of prejudice "。More and more news media began to adopt transparency practice，For example, open source data at the end of the report、Source code，Declaration how to divide the labor and machine collaboration。Use the audit method，Researchers can evaluate the transparent practice of mainstream media in the world，and introduce transparency in digital journalism research、Audited、Responsible for the concept，Expand digital news theory construction。

Method，Audit research is essentially a quasi -experimental method，Simply put, it is experimenting with the system。The Internet digital space embedded in the depth of algorithm technology is not only an information record space，It is a new type of social action space。Researchers can on the existing social platform、Establish experimental scenes on the algorithm platform、Simulation experiment conditions，The systemic bias that may exist in the interaction of the inquiry algorithm and human behavior。This method has low cost、Advantages of high external validity。Therefore，Audit research can be regarded as new progress of experimental methods under data and intelligent conditions。

To sum up，Audit research aims to empirically examine the systemic bias in society，Bet365 app download I have accumulated rich cases and feasible methods。Audit research to improve news quality、Ensure the credibility of the media、Improve platform supervision、Improving public media literacy and promoting related academic research can help。

　(This article is the National Social Science Fund's youth project "Pharmaceutical Research and Value Leading Research" (19CXW008) in the National Social Science Fund subject)

(Author Unit: School of Journalism, Communication University of China; Institute of Investigation and Statistics of the School of Journalism of Communication University of China)