Western philosophy, which stretches for more than 2000 years, has experienced three steers (Bi Yin theory、Identification Theory、Language) After that)，In the 1950s and 1960s, another fourth turn: postmodernism。Due to many post -modern philosophy gates，Views are different，and there are many discussions that are contradictory，For the sake of convenience，We intend to divide it into three periods: the nature and critical nature of the human nature; the deconstruction and destructiveness of the second phase; the constructiveness and recognition of the third phase。G. Lakoff and M. Johnson (Embodied Philosophy) advocated by M. Johnson belong to the third issue，Three principles of them "experience of mind、Unconsciousness of thinking、Metaphoricality of Concepts "all has the characteristics of postmodern philosophy。These features can be generally summarized into three aspects: first，When the western academic community prevails idealism, they proposed the view of materialism experience; second，At the age of prevalent research on conscious thinking attaches importance to the unconsciousness of Freud (S. Freud); third，In the prevalence of seeking the truth and the mainstream of philosophy, emphasizing the metaphoricality that violates the facts。These obviously have the "deconstruction" feature of the second phase of the post -modern phase，Perfect reflection and challenging the popular Bet365 app download traditional philosophy，It also puts forward a new supplement plan for the academic community，This makes this theory obviously have the constructive characteristics of the third phase。

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Lokov and Johnson reflect on the mainstream Western thoughts in "Experience Philosophy"，Creed the challenge of Western Bet365 app download traditional philosophy，genetic passwords that show human thinking genetic，reveals the mystery of human evolution，A far -reaching impact in the academic world。Cognitive linguistics based on it (referred to as CL)，Makes the linguistic industry get rid of the theory of F. De Saussure and N. Chomsky based on the theory built by idealism and objectiveism，Finally brought linguistics research back to the materialistic line，Opening a new period of post -modern period of language research，We can only understand the value of cognitive linguistics from this perspective。

Lokov and Johnson not only brought philosophy and linguistics in the ideological content to the cutting edge，And its research method is also worth learning。I think，Lokov and Johnson are the methods of following dialectical materialism to construct experience philosophy。In a certain sense,，Many great linguists also establish their theory in this method，Rusaka introduces the "supply VS demand" in economics into the linguistics industry，In the theory of structuralist language, the "horizontal combination vs vertical aggregation" was proposed; Jamesky integrated the concept of generation of mathematics into the linguistics research，The theory of "Conversion of Segication" was proposed; bet365 Play online games Handee (M. A. K. Halliday) combined Sosu's "system" and the "function" of J. R. FIRTH，The "system functional linguistics" was proposed; Wang Zhihe's interpretation of constructive postmodernism was also based on Marxist integration research method。But，This research method failed to attach enough attention in the academic community，Therefore, many scholars pass by this "innovation" method。Experience philosophy shows us this research method，worthy of the attention of the academic community。

Things are always divided into two，Gong and passing always walking together。Thinking after years，We found that the philosophical vision of Ledov and Johnson is not open enough: I failed to mention Marxist materialism in the discussion of "experience of mind"，Dialectical materialism，This is where its theoretical defects and deficiencies live，It is also unable to recognize Chinese scholars。Experience philosophy has many features that have postmodern trends of modern thoughts，while Laigov and Johnson did not deeply realize this，This shows that they still lack the forefront information of philosophy。CL based on experience philosophy emphasizes ten cognitive methods (interactive experience、Image graph、category、Conceptualization、Cognitive model、Psychological Space、Concept integration、Metaphor for metaphor、Identification、association, etc.) to uniformly explain the cause of the mind at all levels of the language，But they have never been able to raise it to the dimension of the human nature of the postmodern philosophy of the postmodern bet365 best casino games philosophy。They proposed in the book to reflect on the lack of language philosophy and postmodern philosophy，But I did not take a closer look，Perhaps I wouldn't plan to make it clear。Although they have questioned Bet365 app download traditional philosophy，But it is still hovering in the shadow of "Experience VS Non -Experience", "Inconsistent VS", "Metaphor VS Non -metaphysical", "Objectiveist VS Non -Optimism"。This shows that when Lawv and Johnson built "post -modern experience philosophy"，Also dyed with metaphysics，This also provides a reference for our research。

　　Understanding philosophy is expected to make up for the above defects

For this，Our dialectical materialism based on Marxism，Active results in modern philosophy，Proposed localized "Embodied-Cognitive Philosophy)，Mainly discusses the following six topics: the combination of "body" and "recognition" to achieve the combination of "emotional theory vs rationalism"; criticize the division of "objectism vs non -objective"，Promote "Housekeeper and Treatment" and "Multi -interactive understanding models of the main and guests" (referred to as SOS); use "recognition/recognition in linguistics to explain where human subjectivity comes from; use cognition/cognitive/ Understand the "conceptual integration" in linguistics to explain where human creativity comes from; imitations based on experience philosophy construct cognitive linguistics，We are based on recognition of philosophy based on the recognition of philosophy; detailed analysis of the core principles of linguistics to explain the process of "how material determines the spirit"。

bet365 best casino games Western philosophy has always been entangled in the relationship between "objective" and "subjective"，Around it has two major camps in the philosophy: perceptual theory and rationalism。Lokov and Johnson also described this important philosophical proposition，and proposed the dual distinction of "objectism vs non -objectiveism"。Rakif and Johnson are critical and go to school，but still the mark of dual theory; and the term "non -objectiveism" is suspected of excluding "objective"，Easy to mislead readers，This is contradictory with the "mental experience" they advocates。As a result，Human beings can recognize part of the truth with their own ability，This is the modern technology today。Understanding philosophy thinks，Humans interact with the objective world through "body" and "recognition"，You can get a local understanding of it。But the human mind is limited，Therefore, the recognition process is endless，We will always be on the journey of Tongda Truth，This is the "transitional understanding theory" advocated by philosophy。

　Construction SOS understanding model

Judging from the specific content of "non -objectiveism" in Rykov and Johnson，They intend to emphasize that people are not pure and objective in the process of understanding the world，advocate the theory of combination of main and guests，But the name of the term failed to reflect this key position。To this end, we construct SOS，to make up for the two -dollar error of the two -yuan distinction of Ledov and Johnson。bet365 best casino games Western philosophy has gone through the following stages of the relationship bet365 best casino games between the subject and object (and language): the guest (OS ，Objects can be maximized into people's minds) —— Master and guest (so，The main body of a person adds the category of the priority on objective foreign objects) — Lyuke (LO，Ideal philosophy school considers language and world homogeneous) — Lord (ls，Language understanding needs to be considered the subject and context of the person) -The inter -subject (SS，Humans form a consensus through negotiation between people through language)。

Understanding philosophy believes that these views are biased，Therefore, SOS was constructed，Place the basic O (object) in the middle，There is a S (subject) on both sides of the sides，meaning: We are facing the same or similar objective world，This determines that human beings must have a lot of common understanding，It is also a communication between humans to communicate with each other、Basis of communication。Especially for natural science，Almost all scholars in the world may have the same understanding。S on both sides in this model when facing the same O，Sometimes S must also play a subjective motility function。SOS not only contains the above OS、So、Lo、ls、SS, etc.，Emphasize the diverse interactive relationship between these elements，According to this, we can better explain how we understand foreign objects and understand the world。Obviously，In this process, there is both objective，There are also subjective，Interaction between the two or more，If the "Language" factor is added，can also show the diversified interaction of the model。

　　(Author Unit: Sichuan University of Foreign Languages ​​University Language Philosophy Research Center)