The purpose and significance of Marx’s “Greek bet365 coupon code Criticism”
February 14, 2023 10:10 Source: "Chinese Social Sciences Journal" Issue 2589, February 14, 2023 Author: Zhou Zichang Zhou Shixing

Marx published his famous comments on Greek bet365 coupon code in "Introduction to the Critique of Political Economy" (hereinafter referred to as Marx's "Criticisms on Greek bet365 coupon code")。Previous,The academic interpretation of this comment is mainly in the field of bet365 coupon code、Expanded in the field of aesthetics,Think of it as what Marx said about bet365 coupon code, especially Greek bet365 coupon code。The author thinks,The purpose and significance of Marx’s “Greek bet365 coupon code Criticism” goes far beyond that,To a greater extent, it is about the future development trend of human society、The grand social theoretical construction of human ideal existence and development。Because it can be found by looking at the text structure and argument logic of this document,The main purpose of Marx’s comments on Greek bet365 coupon code is not Greek bet365 coupon code itself or the development of bet365 coupon code in general,Rather try to pass comment on Greek bet365 coupon code,Revealing "the unbalanced relationship between the development of material production and the development of bet365 coupon code"。Therefore,Our interpretation and understanding of Marx’s “Greek bet365 coupon code Criticism”,Cannot be limited to Greek bet365 coupon code itself,It is about rising from the issue of artistic development to the level of general social development issue,Start with several “difficult issues” pointed out by Marx,Revealing its profound methodological significance。

In Marx’s view,Our understanding of the relationship between Greek bet365 coupon code and the general development of Greek society,We cannot stay at the "abstract" level of the general principle of historical materialism that material production determines spiritual production,But it must “rise from abstraction to concreteness”,Deep into the specific social and historical conditions that gave rise to Greek bet365 coupon code,Through the specific study of the particularity of the internal contradictions in Greek society,Revealing the special development rules of Greek bet365 coupon code。It follows the methodological principle of “rising from abstraction to concreteness”,Marx proposed a new understanding of the particularity of Greek bet365 coupon code: Greek bet365 coupon code is directly related to Greek mythology,Greek mythology is not only the arsenal of Greek bet365 coupon code,And it is its soil,Because it is "the view of nature and the view of social relations" that the Greeks formed under the conditions of backward productivity as reflected in Greek mythology,formed the basis of "the fantasy of the Greeks、Thus becoming the basis of Greek [bet365 coupon code]”;Since "as these natural forces are actually governed,The myth will disappear”,Then the decline of Greek bet365 coupon code based on Greek mythology in modern society is inevitable。This means any attempt to interpret Greek bet365 coupon code with a modern worldview or to imitate Greek bet365 coupon code under modern conditions,They are all destined to fail。Because the development of modern society is precisely based on "rejecting all mythical attitudes towards nature,All attitudes that mythologize nature are premised on。

Marx’s “Greek bet365 coupon code Criticism” is an integral part of his critique of capitalist production,The purpose is to reveal that the essence of capitalist bet365 coupon code production is for "production" (exchange value) rather than for "bet365 coupon code" (freedom),Thus exposing the bad nature of capitalist production that is hostile to artistic production as "free spiritual production"。The reason why Marx talked about the issue of "the unbalanced relationship between the development of material production and the development of bet365 coupon code",Mainly to refute the "progress theory" belief held by bourgeois thinkers: the development of capitalist material production can promote the prosperity and progress of spiritual production, including artistic production;The development of "two productions" is "balanced"。However,In Marx’s view,This "equilibrium" view of progress promoted by bourgeois thinkers,Just some empty words about "civilization",Because “capitalist production is hostile to certain branches of spiritual production such as bet365 coupon code and poetry”。It is based on this understanding,Marx made the conclusion that "the concept of progress can never be understood in the usual abstract sense",And by comparing the Greeks with modern people, it specifically clarifies the historical connotation of "the unbalanced relationship between the development of material production and the development of bet365 coupon code": "When bet365 coupon code production appears as bet365 coupon code production,They can no longer use the kind of epoch-making methods in world history、Created in classical form;Therefore,In the field of bet365 coupon code itself,Certain bet365 coupon code forms of great significance are only possible at an underdeveloped stage of artistic development。”The reason why,It is because the capitalist mode of production has a tendency of universal penetration,It strives to incorporate all production, including artistic production, into the entire capitalist production system,Do everything possible to capitalize bet365 coupon code production、Material production,Once bet365 coupon code production becomes capitalist bet365 coupon code production that earns excess surplus value for capitalists,It will inevitably lose its free nature and become a tool for producing material wealth,will symbolize human freedom、Dignity、Personality、Artistic production as "free spiritual production" of human essential forces such as values ​​is excluded from "production",So much so that it can be said,In the eyes of capitalists,bet365 coupon code production is “useless”,Aesthetic value does not exist,Only when artistic production, like material production, can bring surplus value to capitalists,It was just recognized。And this shows the suppression of capitalist production、Trampling bet365 coupon code,The evil nature that is hostile to human nature of freedom。

The purpose of Marx writing "Das Kapital" is of course to do "human anatomy", that is, "to reveal the laws of economic movement in modern society",Thus scientifically predicting the future development trend of modern society。But in his opinion,Use the key of "human anatomy" to conduct "monkey body anatomy" on ancient society,It is also a work of independent significance,Because such "examination and inference... will also lead to a point that heralds the abandonment of modern forms of bet365 coupon code relations,Thus a harbinger of the future,The movement of change”。It is precisely because the study of ancient society can scientifically predict the development trend of modern society、The development principles for constructing future society play an important role in providing “prototypes”,So Marx turned to anthropology in his later years、Historical Research,Exploring the internal mechanism of human society’s development and evolution from ancient times to modern times,In order to obtain some useful inspiration for understanding the development trends of modern society,The basic conclusion of his research is: “The ‘new system’ that modern society is trending towards,It will be the ‘resurrection of ancient type society in an advanced form’。”

Therefore,An important purpose of Marx’s “Greek bet365 coupon code Criticism”,It is an attempt to answer the "difficult question" of why Greek bet365 coupon code has "eternal charm",To scientifically predict the development trend of modern society、Providing useful inspiration for constructing future social development principles。Because of this,So we see,Marx’s answer to the “problem” did not stop at bet365 coupon code itself,But led it to the depths of history,Elevating bet365 coupon code development issues to social development issues,Focus on the history and reality of capitalism and look to the future,Through its unique "problem-style" argument,Expressed his views on the development trend of modern society: If adults should strive to reproduce the reality of children on a higher ladder,So the place where human childhood (Greek society) developed most perfectly (Greek bet365 coupon code),It should also be regarded as a stage that will never return and show its "norm" and "model" significance for the development of modern society and bet365 coupon code;Although the social conditions under which Greek society existed will never return,Greek bet365 coupon code has also declined historically,But the people and nature they reflect and embody、The simple original relationship between societies、Human’s original and rich “natural personality” and the vitality of “imagination” and other subjective powers,It still has important reference and profound enlightenment significance for modern people。

(Author’s affiliation: School of Philosophy and Social bet365 coupon code, Huaqiao University)

Editor: Zhang Jing
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